Module: ActiveSupport::Callbacks::ClassMethods

Defined in:
lib/active_support/callbacks.rb

Instance Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Details

#__update_callbacks(name) ⇒ Object

This is used internally to append, prepend and skip callbacks to the CallbackChain.



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# File 'lib/active_support/callbacks.rb', line 619

def __update_callbacks(name) #:nodoc:
  ([self] + ActiveSupport::DescendantsTracker.descendants(self)).reverse_each do |target|
    chain = target.get_callbacks name
    yield target, chain.dup
  end
end

#define_callbacks(*names) ⇒ Object

Define sets of events in the object life cycle that support callbacks.

define_callbacks :validate
define_callbacks :initialize, :save, :destroy
Options

  • :terminator - Determines when a before filter will halt the callback chain, preventing following before and around callbacks from being called and the event from being triggered. This should be a lambda to be executed. The current object and the result lambda of the callback will be provided to the terminator lambda.

    define_callbacks :validate, terminator: ->(target, result_lambda) { result_lambda.call == false }

    In this example, if any before validate callbacks returns false, any successive before and around callback is not executed.

    The default terminator halts the chain when a callback throws :abort.

  • :skip_after_callbacks_if_terminated - Determines if after callbacks should be terminated by the :terminator option. By default after callbacks are executed no matter if callback chain was terminated or not. This option makes sense only when :terminator option is specified.

  • :scope - Indicates which methods should be executed when an object is used as a callback.

    class Audit
  def before(caller)
    puts 'Audit: before is called'
  end

  def before_save(caller)
    puts 'Audit: before_save is called'
  end
end

class Account
  include ActiveSupport::Callbacks

  define_callbacks :save
  set_callback :save, :before, Audit.new

  def save
    run_callbacks :save do
      puts 'save in main'
    end
  end
end

    In the above case whenever you save an account the method Audit#before will be called. On the other hand

    define_callbacks :save, scope: [:kind, :name]

    would trigger Audit#before_save instead. That’s constructed by calling #{kind}_#{name} on the given instance. In this case “kind” is “before” and “name” is “save”. In this context :kind and :name have special meanings: :kind refers to the kind of callback (before/after/around) and :name refers to the method on which callbacks are being defined.

    A declaration like

    define_callbacks :save, scope: [:name]

    would call Audit#save.

Notes

names passed to define_callbacks must not end with !, ? or =.

Calling define_callbacks multiple times with the same names will overwrite previous callbacks registered with set_callback.



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# File 'lib/active_support/callbacks.rb', line 817

def define_callbacks(*names)
  options = names.extract_options!

  names.each do |name|
    name = name.to_sym

    set_callbacks name, CallbackChain.new(name, options)

    module_eval <<-RUBY, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
      def _run_#{name}_callbacks(&block)
        run_callbacks #{name.inspect}, &block
      end

      def self._#{name}_callbacks
        get_callbacks(#{name.inspect})
      end

      def self._#{name}_callbacks=(value)
        set_callbacks(#{name.inspect}, value)
      end

      def _#{name}_callbacks
        __callbacks[#{name.inspect}]
      end
    RUBY
  end
end

#normalize_callback_params(filters, block) ⇒ Object

:nodoc:



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# File 'lib/active_support/callbacks.rb', line 610

def normalize_callback_params(filters, block) # :nodoc:
  type = CALLBACK_FILTER_TYPES.include?(filters.first) ? filters.shift : :before
  options = filters.extract_options!
  filters.unshift(block) if block
  [type, filters, options.dup]
end

#reset_callbacks(name) ⇒ Object

Remove all set callbacks for the given event.



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# File 'lib/active_support/callbacks.rb', line 727

def reset_callbacks(name)
  callbacks = get_callbacks name

  ActiveSupport::DescendantsTracker.descendants(self).each do |target|
    chain = target.get_callbacks(name).dup
    callbacks.each { |c| chain.delete(c) }
    target.set_callbacks name, chain
  end

  set_callbacks(name, callbacks.dup.clear)
end

#set_callback(name, *filter_list, &block) ⇒ Object

Install a callback for the given event.

set_callback :save, :before, :before_method
set_callback :save, :after,  :after_method, if: :condition
set_callback :save, :around, ->(r, block) { stuff; result = block.call; stuff }

The second argument indicates whether the callback is to be run :before, :after, or :around the event. If omitted, :before is assumed. This means the first example above can also be written as:

set_callback :save, :before_method

The callback can be specified as a symbol naming an instance method; as a proc, lambda, or block; or as an object that responds to a certain method determined by the :scope argument to define_callbacks.

If a proc, lambda, or block is given, its body is evaluated in the context of the current object. It can also optionally accept the current object as an argument.

Before and around callbacks are called in the order that they are set; after callbacks are called in the reverse order.

Around callbacks can access the return value from the event, if it wasn’t halted, from the yield call.

Options

  • :if - A symbol, a string (deprecated) or an array of symbols, each naming an instance method or a proc; the callback will be called only when they all return a true value.

  • :unless - A symbol, a string (deprecated) or an array of symbols, each naming an instance method or a proc; the callback will be called only when they all return a false value.

  • :prepend - If true, the callback will be prepended to the existing chain rather than appended.



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# File 'lib/active_support/callbacks.rb', line 662

def set_callback(name, *filter_list, &block)
  type, filters, options = normalize_callback_params(filter_list, block)

  if options[:if].is_a?(String) || options[:unless].is_a?(String)
    ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(<<-MSG.squish)
      Passing string to be evaluated in :if and :unless conditional
      options is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.2 without
      replacement. Pass a symbol for an instance method, or a lambda,
      proc or block, instead.
    MSG
  end

  self_chain = get_callbacks name
  mapped = filters.map do |filter|
    Callback.build(self_chain, filter, type, options)
  end

  __update_callbacks(name) do |target, chain|
    options[:prepend] ? chain.prepend(*mapped) : chain.append(*mapped)
    target.set_callbacks name, chain
  end
end

#skip_callback(name, *filter_list, &block) ⇒ Object

Skip a previously set callback. Like set_callback, :if or :unless options may be passed in order to control when the callback is skipped.

class Writer < Person
   skip_callback :validate, :before, :check_membership, if: -> { age > 18 }
end

An ArgumentError will be raised if the callback has not already been set (unless the :raise option is set to false).



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# File 'lib/active_support/callbacks.rb', line 695

def skip_callback(name, *filter_list, &block)
  type, filters, options = normalize_callback_params(filter_list, block)

  if options[:if].is_a?(String) || options[:unless].is_a?(String)
    ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(<<-MSG.squish)
      Passing string to :if and :unless conditional options is deprecated
      and will be removed in Rails 5.2 without replacement.
    MSG
  end

  options[:raise] = true unless options.key?(:raise)

  __update_callbacks(name) do |target, chain|
    filters.each do |filter|
      callback = chain.find { |c| c.matches?(type, filter) }

      if !callback && options[:raise]
        raise ArgumentError, "#{type.to_s.capitalize} #{name} callback #{filter.inspect} has not been defined"
      end

      if callback && (options.key?(:if) || options.key?(:unless))
        new_callback = callback.merge_conditional_options(chain, if_option: options[:if], unless_option: options[:unless])
        chain.insert(chain.index(callback), new_callback)
      end

      chain.delete(callback)
    end
    target.set_callbacks name, chain
  end
end