Class: Sequel::Schema::CreateTableGenerator

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Defined in:
lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb,
lib/sequel/extensions/schema_dumper.rb

Overview

Schema::CreateTableGenerator is an internal class that the user is not expected to instantiate directly. Instances are created by Database#create_table. It is used to specify table creation parameters. It takes a Database object and a block of column/index/constraint specifications, and gives the Database a table description, which the database uses to create a table.

Schema::CreateTableGenerator has some methods but also includes method_missing, allowing users to specify column type as a method instead of using the column method, which makes for a nicer DSL.

For more information on Sequel's support for schema modification, see the “Schema Modification” guide.

Direct Known Subclasses

Postgres::CreateTableGenerator

Constant Summary collapse

GENERIC_TYPES =

Classes specifying generic types that Sequel will convert to database-specific types.

%w'String Integer Float Numeric BigDecimal Date DateTime Time File TrueClass FalseClass'.freeze

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Class Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Constructor Details

#initialize(db, &block) ⇒ CreateTableGenerator

Set the database in which to create the table, and evaluate the block in the context of this object.


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 34

def initialize(db, &block)
  @db = db
  @columns = []
  @indexes = []
  @constraints = []
  @primary_key = nil
  instance_exec(&block) if block
end

Dynamic Method Handling

This class handles dynamic methods through the method_missing method

#method_missing(type, name = nil, opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object

Add a column with the given type, name, and opts. See #column for available options.


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 276

def method_missing(type, name = nil, opts = OPTS)
  name ? column(name, type, opts) : super
end

Instance Attribute Details

#columns ⇒ Object (readonly)

Column hashes created by this generator


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 24

def columns
  @columns
end

#constraints ⇒ Object (readonly)

Constraint hashes created by this generator


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 27

def constraints
  @constraints
end

#indexes ⇒ Object (readonly)

Index hashes created by this generator


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 30

def indexes
  @indexes
end

Class Method Details

.add_type_method(*types) ⇒ Object

Add a method for each of the given types that creates a column with that type as a constant. Types given should either already be constants/classes or a capitalized string/symbol with the same name as a constant/class.


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 59

def self.add_type_method(*types)
  types.each do |type|
    case type
    when Symbol, String
      method = type
      type = Object.const_get(type)
    else
      method = type.to_s
    end

    define_method(method){|name, opts=OPTS| column(name, type, opts)}
  end
  nil
end

Instance Method Details

#Bignum(name, opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object

Use custom Bignum method to use :Bignum instead of Bignum class, to work correctly in cases where Bignum is the same as Integer.


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 45

def Bignum(name, opts=OPTS)
  column(name, :Bignum, opts)
end

#check(*args, &block) ⇒ Object

Add an unnamed constraint, specified by the given block or args:

check(num: 1..5) # CHECK num >= 1 AND num <= 5
check{num > 5}   # CHECK num > 5


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 79

def check(*args, &block)
  constraint(nil, *args, &block)
end

#column(name, type, opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object

Add a column with the given name, type, and opts:

column :num, :integer
# num INTEGER

column :name, String, null: false, default: 'a'
# name varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'a'

inet :ip
# ip inet

You can also create columns via method missing, so the following are equivalent:

column :number, :integer
integer :number

The following options are supported:

:collate

The collation to use for the column. For backwards compatibility, only symbols and string values are supported, and they are used verbatim. However, on PostgreSQL, symbols are literalized as regular identifiers, since unquoted collations are unlikely to be valid.

:default

The default value for the column.

:deferrable

For foreign key columns, this ensures referential integrity will work even if referencing table uses a foreign key value that does not yet exist on referenced table (but will exist before the transaction commits). Basically it adds DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED on key creation. If you use :immediate as the value, uses DEFERRABLE INITIALLY IMMEDIATE.

:generated_always_as

Specify a GENERATED ALWAYS AS column expression, if generated columns are supported (PostgreSQL 12+, MariaDB 5.2.0+, and MySQL 5.7.6+).

:index

Create an index on this column. If given a hash, use the hash as the options for the index.

:key

For foreign key columns, the column in the associated table that this column references. Unnecessary if this column references the primary key of the associated table, except if you are using MySQL.

:null

Mark the column as allowing NULL values (if true), or not allowing NULL values (if false). The default is to allow NULL values.

:on_delete

Specify the behavior of this column when being deleted (:restrict, :cascade, :set_null, :set_default, :no_action).

:on_update

Specify the behavior of this column when being updated (:restrict, :cascade, :set_null, :set_default, :no_action).

:primary_key

Make the column as a single primary key column. This should not be used if you want a single autoincrementing primary key column (use the primary_key method in that case).

:primary_key_constraint_name

The name to give the primary key constraint

:primary_key_deferrable

Similar to :deferrable, but for the primary key constraint if :primary_key is used.

:type

Overrides the type given as the argument. Generally not used by column itself, but can be passed as an option to other methods that call column.

:unique

Mark the column as unique, generally has the same effect as creating a unique index on the column.

:unique_constraint_name

The name to give the unique key constraint

:unique_deferrable

Similar to :deferrable, but for the unique constraint if :unique is used.

PostgreSQL specific options:

:identity

Create an identity column.

MySQL specific options:

:generated_type

Set the type of column when using :generated_always_as, should be :virtual or :stored to force a type.

Microsoft SQL Server specific options:

:clustered

When using :primary_key or :unique, marks the primary key or unique constraint as CLUSTERED (if true), or NONCLUSTERED (if false).


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 154

def column(name, type, opts = OPTS)
  columns << {:name => name, :type => type}.merge!(opts)
  if index_opts = opts[:index]
    index(name, index_opts.is_a?(Hash) ? index_opts : OPTS)
  end
  nil
end

#constraint(name, *args, &block) ⇒ Object

Adds a named CHECK constraint (or unnamed if name is nil), with the given block or args. To provide options for the constraint, pass a hash as the first argument.

constraint(:blah, num: 1..5)
# CONSTRAINT blah CHECK num >= 1 AND num <= 5
constraint({name: :blah, deferrable: true}, num: 1..5)
# CONSTRAINT blah CHECK num >= 1 AND num <= 5 DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED

If the first argument is a hash, the following options are supported:

Options:

:name

The name of the CHECK constraint

:deferrable

Whether the CHECK constraint should be marked DEFERRABLE.

PostgreSQL specific options:

:not_valid

Whether the CHECK constraint should be marked NOT VALID.


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 179

def constraint(name, *args, &block)
  opts = name.is_a?(Hash) ? name : {:name=>name}
  constraints << opts.merge(:type=>:check, :check=>block || args)
  nil
end

#dump_columns ⇒ Object

Dump this generator's columns to a string that could be evaled inside another instance to represent the same columns


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# File 'lib/sequel/extensions/schema_dumper.rb', line 407

def dump_columns
  strings = []
  cols = columns.dup
  cols.each do |x|
    x.delete(:on_delete) if x[:on_delete] == :no_action
    x.delete(:on_update) if x[:on_update] == :no_action
  end
  if (pkn = primary_key_name) && !@primary_key[:keep_order]
    cols.delete_if{|x| x[:name] == pkn}
    pk = @primary_key.dup
    pkname = pk.delete(:name)
    @db.serial_primary_key_options.each{|k,v| pk.delete(k) if v == pk[k]}
    strings << "primary_key #{pkname.inspect}#{opts_inspect(pk)}"
  end
  cols.each do |c|
    c = c.dup
    name = c.delete(:name)
    strings << if table = c.delete(:table)
      c.delete(:type) if c[:type] == Integer || c[:type] == 'integer'
      "foreign_key #{name.inspect}, #{table.inspect}#{opts_inspect(c)}"
    elsif pkn == name
      @db.serial_primary_key_options.each{|k,v| c.delete(k) if v == c[k]}
      "primary_key #{name.inspect}#{opts_inspect(c)}"
    else
      type = c.delete(:type)
      opts = opts_inspect(c)
      case type
      when Class
        "#{type.name} #{name.inspect}#{opts}"
      when :Bignum
        "Bignum #{name.inspect}#{opts}"
      else
        "column #{name.inspect}, #{type.inspect}#{opts}"
      end
    end
  end
  strings.join("\n")
end

#dump_constraints ⇒ Object

Dump this generator's constraints to a string that could be evaled inside another instance to represent the same constraints


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# File 'lib/sequel/extensions/schema_dumper.rb', line 448

def dump_constraints
  cs = constraints.map do |c|
    c = c.dup
    type = c.delete(:type)
    case type
    when :check
      raise(Error, "can't dump check/constraint specified with Proc") if c[:check].is_a?(Proc)
      name = c.delete(:name)
      if !name and c[:check].length == 1 and c[:check].first.is_a?(Hash)
        "check #{c[:check].first.inspect[1...-1]}"
      else
        "#{name ? "constraint #{name.inspect}," : 'check'} #{c[:check].map(&:inspect).join(', ')}"
      end
    when :foreign_key
      c.delete(:on_delete) if c[:on_delete] == :no_action
      c.delete(:on_update) if c[:on_update] == :no_action
      c.delete(:deferrable) unless c[:deferrable]
      cols = c.delete(:columns)
      table = c.delete(:table)
      "#{type} #{cols.inspect}, #{table.inspect}#{opts_inspect(c)}"
    else
      cols = c.delete(:columns)
      "#{type} #{cols.inspect}#{opts_inspect(c)}"
    end
  end
  cs.join("\n")
end

#dump_indexes(options = OPTS) ⇒ Object

Dump this generator's indexes to a string that could be evaled inside another instance to represent the same indexes. Options:

:add_index

Use add_index instead of index, so the methods can be called outside of a generator but inside a migration. The value of this option should be the table name to use.

:drop_index

Same as add_index, but create drop_index statements.

:ignore_errors

Add the ignore_errors option to the outputted indexes


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# File 'lib/sequel/extensions/schema_dumper.rb', line 483

def dump_indexes(options=OPTS)
  is = indexes.map do |c|
    c = c.dup
    cols = c.delete(:columns)
    if table = options[:add_index] || options[:drop_index]
      "#{options[:drop_index] ? 'drop' : 'add'}_index #{table.inspect}, #{cols.inspect}#{', :ignore_errors=>true' if options[:ignore_errors]}#{opts_inspect(c)}"
    else
      "index #{cols.inspect}#{opts_inspect(c)}"
    end
  end
  is = is.reverse if options[:drop_index]
  is.join("\n")
end

#Fixnum(name, opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object

Use custom Fixnum method to use Integer instead of Fixnum class, to avoid warnings on ruby 2.4+.


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 51

def Fixnum(name, opts=OPTS)
  column(name, Integer, opts)
end

#foreign_key(name, table = nil, opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object

Add a foreign key in the table that references another table. See #column for available options.

foreign_key(:artist_id) # artist_id INTEGER
foreign_key(:artist_id, :artists) # artist_id INTEGER REFERENCES artists
foreign_key(:artist_id, :artists, key: :id) # artist_id INTEGER REFERENCES artists(id)
foreign_key(:artist_id, :artists, type: String) # artist_id varchar(255) REFERENCES artists(id)

Additional Options:

:foreign_key_constraint_name

The name to give the foreign key constraint

If you want a foreign key constraint without adding a column (usually because it is a composite foreign key), you can provide an array of columns as the first argument, and you can provide the :name option to name the constraint:

foreign_key([:artist_name, :artist_location], :artists, name: :artist_fk)
# ADD CONSTRAINT artist_fk FOREIGN KEY (artist_name, artist_location) REFERENCES artists


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 203

def foreign_key(name, table=nil, opts = OPTS)
  opts = case table
  when Hash
    table.merge(opts)
  when NilClass
    opts
  else
    opts.merge(:table=>table)
  end
  return composite_foreign_key(name, opts) if name.is_a?(Array)
  column(name, Integer, opts)
end

#full_text_index(columns, opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object

Add a full text index on the given columns. See #index for additional options.

PostgreSQL specific options:

:index_type

Can be set to :gist to use a GIST index instead of the default GIN index.

:language

Set a language to use for the index (default: simple).


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 223

def full_text_index(columns, opts = OPTS)
  index(columns, opts.merge(:type => :full_text))
end

#has_column?(name) ⇒ Boolean

True if the generator includes the creation of a column with the given name.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 

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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 228

def has_column?(name)
  columns.any?{|c| c[:name] == name}
end

#index(columns, opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object

Add an index on the given column(s) with the given options. Examples:

index :name
# CREATE INDEX table_name_index ON table (name)

index [:artist_id, :name]
# CREATE INDEX table_artist_id_name_index ON table (artist_id, name)

index [:artist_id, :name], name: :foo
# CREATE INDEX foo ON table (artist_id, name)

General options:

:include

Include additional column values in the index, without actually indexing on those values (only supported by some databases).

:name

The name to use for the index. If not given, a default name based on the table and columns is used.

:type

The type of index to use (only supported by some databases, :full_text and :spatial values are handled specially).

:unique

Make the index unique, so duplicate values are not allowed.

:where

A filter expression, used to create a partial index (only supported by some databases).

PostgreSQL specific options:

:concurrently

Create the index concurrently, so it doesn't block operations on the table while the index is being built.

:if_not_exists

Only create the index if an index of the same name doesn't already exist.

:opclass

Set an opclass to use for all columns (per-column opclasses require custom SQL).

:tablespace

Specify tablespace for index.

Microsoft SQL Server specific options:

:key_index

Sets the KEY INDEX to the given value.


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 269

def index(columns, opts = OPTS)
  indexes << {:columns => Array(columns)}.merge!(opts)
  nil
end

#primary_key(name, *args) ⇒ Object

Adds an autoincrementing primary key column or a primary key constraint. To just create a constraint, the first argument should be an array of column symbols specifying the primary key columns. To create an autoincrementing primary key column, a single symbol can be used. In both cases, an options hash can be used as the second argument.

If you want to create a primary key column that is not autoincrementing, you should not use this method. Instead, you should use the regular column method with a primary_key: true option.

If an array of column symbols is used, you can specify the :name option to name the constraint.

Options:

:keep_order

For non-composite primary keys, respects the existing order of columns, overriding the default behavior of making the primary key the first column.

Examples:

primary_key(:id)
primary_key(:id, type: :Bignum, keep_order: true)
primary_key([:street_number, :house_number], name: :some constraint_name)


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 307

def primary_key(name, *args)
  return composite_primary_key(name, *args) if name.is_a?(Array)
  column = @db.serial_primary_key_options.merge({:name => name})
  
  if opts = args.pop
    opts = {:type => opts} unless opts.is_a?(Hash)
    if type = args.pop
      opts = opts.merge(:type => type)
    end
    column.merge!(opts)
  end

  @primary_key = column
  if column[:keep_order]
    columns << column
  else
    columns.unshift(column)
  end
  nil
end

#primary_key_name ⇒ Object

The name of the primary key for this generator, if it has a primary key.


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 329

def primary_key_name
  @primary_key[:name] if @primary_key
end

#respond_to_missing?(meth, include_private) ⇒ Boolean

This object responds to all methods.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 

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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 281

def respond_to_missing?(meth, include_private)
  true
end

#spatial_index(columns, opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object

Add a spatial index on the given columns. See #index for additional options.


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 335

def spatial_index(columns, opts = OPTS)
  index(columns, opts.merge(:type => :spatial))
end

#unique(columns, opts = OPTS) ⇒ Object

Add a unique constraint on the given columns.

unique(:name) # UNIQUE (name)

Supports the same :deferrable option as #column. The :name option can be used to name the constraint.


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# File 'lib/sequel/database/schema_generator.rb', line 345

def unique(columns, opts = OPTS)
  constraints << {:type => :unique, :columns => Array(columns)}.merge!(opts)
  nil
end