Class: Image

Overview

An Image is just that, as it is stored in the filesystem. No additional metadata beyond file descriptors is included here. More broadly we consider an Image to be the digital encoding of a radiation-derived observation. This lets Images conceptually include things like 3D volumetric models, ASCII drawings, or other data that were generated from (originated based on) light (radiation) interacting with life.

This class relies on the paperclip gem and the ImageMagik app to link, store and manipulate images.

Defined Under Namespace

Modules: Sled

Constant Summary collapse

MISSING_IMAGE_PATH =
'/public/images/missing.jpg'.freeze
GRAPH_ENTRY_POINTS =
[:depictions]
DEFAULT_SIZES =
{
  thumb: { width: 100, height: 100 },
  medium: { width: 300, height: 300 }
}.freeze

Constants included from SoftValidation

SoftValidation::ANCESTORS_WITH_SOFT_VALIDATIONS

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Class Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Methods included from SoftValidation

#clear_soft_validations, #fix_for, #fix_soft_validations, #soft_fixed?, #soft_valid?, #soft_validate, #soft_validated?, #soft_validations, #soft_validators

Methods included from Shared::IsData

#errors_excepting, #full_error_messages_excepting, #identical, #is_community?, #is_destroyable?, #is_editable?, #is_in_use?, #is_in_users_projects?, #metamorphosize, #similar

Methods included from Shared::Attributions

#attributed?, #reject_attribution

Methods included from Shared::Citations

#cited?, #mark_citations_for_destruction, #nomenclature_date, #origin_citation_source_id, #reject_citations, #requires_citation?, #sources_by_topic_id

Methods included from Shared::ProtocolRelationships

#protocolled?, #reject_protocols

Methods included from Shared::Tags

#reject_tags, #tag_with, #tagged?, #tagged_with?

Methods included from Shared::Notes

#concatenated_notes_string, #reject_notes

Methods included from Shared::Identifiers

#dwc_occurrence_id, #identified?, #next_by_identifier, #previous_by_identifier, #reject_identifiers, #uri, #uuid

Methods included from Housekeeping

#has_polymorphic_relationship?

Methods inherited from ApplicationRecord

transaction_with_retry

Instance Attribute Details

#heightInteger

Returns the height of the source image in px.

Returns:

  • (Integer)

    the height of the source image in px



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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 49

class Image < ApplicationRecord
  include Housekeeping
  include Shared::Identifiers
  include Shared::Notes
  include Shared::Tags
  include Shared::ProtocolRelationships
  include Shared::Citations
  include Shared::Attributions
  include Shared::IsData
  include SoftValidation

  include Image::Sled

  attr_accessor :rotate

  MISSING_IMAGE_PATH = '/public/images/missing.jpg'.freeze

  GRAPH_ENTRY_POINTS = [:depictions]

  DEFAULT_SIZES = {
    thumb: { width: 100, height: 100 },
    medium: { width: 300, height: 300 }
  }.freeze

  has_one :sled_image, dependent: :destroy

  has_many :depictions, inverse_of: :image, dependent: :restrict_with_error

  has_many :collection_objects, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'CollectionObject'
  has_many :otus, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'Otu'
  has_many :taxon_names, through: :otus

  before_save :extract_tw_attributes

  # also using https://github.com/teeparham/paperclip-meta
  has_attached_file :image_file,
    styles: {
      thumb: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:height]}>", :png ] ,
      medium: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:height]}>", :jpg ] },
    default_url: MISSING_IMAGE_PATH,
    filename_cleaner: Utilities::CleanseFilename,
    processors: [:rotator]

    #:restricted_characters => /[^A-Za-z0-9\.]/,
  validates_attachment_content_type :image_file, content_type: /\Aimage\/.*\Z/
  validates_attachment_presence :image_file
  validate :image_dimensions_too_short

  soft_validate(:sv_duplicate_image?)

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :sled_image, allow_destroy: true

  def sqed_depiction
    depictions.joins(:sqed_depiction).first&.sqed_depiction
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  def has_duplicate?
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).count > 1
  end

    # @return [Array]
  def duplicate_images
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).not_self(self).to_a
  end

    # @return [Hash]
    # returns a hash of EXIF data if present, empty hash if not.do
    # EXIF data tags/specifications -  http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF
  def exif
    ret_val = {} # return value

    unless self.new_record? # only process if record exists
      tmp     = `identify -format "%[EXIF:*]" #{self.image_file.url}` # returns a string (exif:tag=value\n)
      # following removes the exif, spits and recombines string as a hash
      ret_val = tmp.split("\n").collect { |b| b.gsub('exif:', '').split('=') }
        .inject({}) { |hsh, c| hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1]) }
      # might be able to tmp.split("\n").collect { |b|
      # b.gsub("exif:", "").split("=")
      # }.inject(ret_val) { |hsh, c|
      #   hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1])
      # }
    end

    ret_val # return
  end

  # TODO: move to /lib
  # @return [Nil]
  #  currently handling this client side
  def gps_data
    # if there is EXIF data, pulls out geographic coordinates & returns hash of lat/long in decimal degrees
    # (5 digits after decimal point if available)
    # EXIF gps information is in http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF section 4.6.6
    # note that cameras follow specifications, but EXIF data can be edited manually and may not follow specifications.

    # check if gps data is in d m s (could be edited manually)
    #   => format dd/1,mm/1,ss/1 or dd/1,mmmm/100,0/1 or 40/1, 5/1, 314437/10000
    # N = +
    # S = -
    # E = +
    # W = -
    # Altitude should be based on reference of sea level
    # GPSAltitudeRef is 0 for above sea level, and 1 for below sea level

    # From discussion with Jim -
    # create a utility library called "GeoConvert" and define single method
    # that will convert from degrees min sec to decimal degree
    # - maybe 2 versions? - one returns string, other decimal?
  end

    # Returns the true, unscaled height/width ratio
    # @return [Float]
  def hw_ratio
    raise if height.nil? || width.nil? # if they are something has gone badly wrong
    return (height.to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys
    # used in ImageHelper#image_thumb_tag
    # asthetic scaling of very narrow images in thumbnails
    # @return [Hash]
  def thumb_scaler
    a = self.hw_ratio
    if a < 0.6
      { 'width' => 200, 'height' => 200 * a}
    else
      {}
    end
  end
    # rubocop:enable Style/StringHashKeys

    # the scale factor is typically the same except in a few cases where we skew small thumbs
    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    (width_for_size(size).to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    height_for_size(size).to_f / height.to_f
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 200.0 : ((width.to_f / height.to_f ) * 160.0)
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? 640.0 : 640.0 / a
    when :big
      a < 1 ? 1600.0 : 1600.0 / a
    when :original
      width
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 213.0 * height.to_f / width.to_f : 160
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? a * 640 : 640
    when :big
      a < 1 ? a * 1600 : 1600
    when :original
      height
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    #  def filename(layout_section_type)
    #    'tmp/' + tempfile(layout_section_type).path.split('/').last
    #  end

    #  def tempfile(layout_section_type)
    #    tempfile = Tempfile.new([layout_section_type.to_s, '.jpg'], "#{Rails.root.to_s}/public/images/tmp", encoding: 'ASCII-8BIT' )
    #    tempfile.write(zoomed_image(layout_section_type).to_blob)
    #    tempfile
    #  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.cropped(params)
    image = Image.find(params[:id])
    img = Magick::Image.read(image.image_file.path(:original)).first
    begin
      # img.crop(x, y, width, height, true)
      cropped = img.crop( params[:x].to_i, params[:y].to_i, params[:width].to_i, params[:height].to_i, true)
    rescue RuntimeError
      cropped = img.crop(0,0, 1, 1)  # return a single pixel on error ! TODO: make/return an error image
    ensure
      img.destroy!
    end
    cropped
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.resized(params)
    c = cropped(params)
    resized = c.resize(params[:new_width].to_i, params[:new_height].to_i) #.sharpen(0x1)
    c.destroy!
    resized
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image, nil]
  def self.scaled_to_box(params)
    begin
      c = cropped(params)
      ratio = c.columns.to_f / c.rows.to_f
      box_ratio = params[:box_width].to_f / params[:box_height].to_f
      # TODO: special considerations for 1:1?

      if box_ratio > 1
        if ratio > 1 # wide into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio).to_i,
            params[:box_height].to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      else # <
        if ratio > 1 # wide into tall
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into tall # TODO: or 1:1?!
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio ).to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f ).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      end
      c.destroy!
    rescue Magick::ImageMagickError
      nil
    end
    scaled
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.scaled_to_box_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(scaled_to_box(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.resized_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(resized(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.cropped_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(cropped(params))
  end

    # @param used_on [String] required, a depictable base class name like  `Otu`, `Content`, or `CollectionObject`
    # @return [Scope]
    #   the max 10 most recently used images, as `used_on`
  def self.used_recently(user_id, project_id, used_on = '')
    i = arel_table
    d = Depiction.arel_table

    # i is a select manager
    j = d.project(d['image_id'], d['updated_at'], d['depiction_object_type']).from(d)
      .where(d['updated_at'].gt( 1.week.ago ))
      .where(d['updated_by_id'].eq(user_id))
      .where(d['project_id'].eq(project_id))
      .order(d['updated_at'].desc)

    z = j.as('recent_i')

    k = Arel::Nodes::InnerJoin.new(z, Arel::Nodes::On.new(
      z['image_id'].eq(i['id']).and(z['depiction_object_type'].eq(used_on))
    ))

    joins(k).distinct.pluck(:id)
  end

    # @params target [String] required, one of nil, `AssertedDistribution`, `Content`, `BiologicalAssociation`, 'TaxonDetermination'
    # @return [Hash] images optimized for user selection
  def self.select_optimized(user_id, project_id, target = nil)
    r = used_recently(user_id, project_id, target)
    h = {
      quick: [],
      pinboard: Image.pinned_by(user_id).where(project_id:).to_a,
      recent: []
    }

    if target && !r.empty?
      h[:recent] = (
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(5) ).to_a +
        Image.where(project_id:, created_by_id: user_id, created_at: 3.hours.ago..Time.now)
        .order('updated_at DESC')
        .limit(3).to_a
      ).uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}

      h[:quick] = (
        Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(project_id:).to_a +
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(4) ).to_a)
        .uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}
    else
      h[:recent] = Image.where(project_id:).order('updated_at DESC').limit(10).to_a
      h[:quick] = Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(pinboard_items: {project_id:}).order('updated_at DESC')
    end

    h
  end

    protected

    # @return [Integer, Nil]
  def extract_tw_attributes
    # NOTE: assumes content type is an image.
    tempfile = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]
    if tempfile.nil?
      self.width = 0
      self.height = 0
      self.user_file_name = nil
    else
      self.user_file_name = tempfile.original_filename
      geometry = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(tempfile)
      self.width = geometry.width.to_i
      self.height = geometry.height.to_i
    end
  end

    # Check md5 fingerprint against existing fingerprints
    # @return [Object]
  def sv_duplicate_image?
    if has_duplicate?
      soft_validations.add(
        :image_file_fingerprint,
        'This image is a duplicate of an image already stored.')
    end
  end

    private

    # Converts image to blob and releases memory of img (image cannot be used afterwards)
    # @param [Magick::Image] img
    # @return [String] a JPG representation of the image
    #   !! Always converts to .jpg, this may need abstraction later
    #   Returns an empty string if no image
  def self.to_blob!(img)
    return '' if img.nil?
    img.format = 'jpg'
    blob = img.to_blob
    img.destroy!
    blob
  end

  def image_dimensions_too_short
    return unless original = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]

    dimensions = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(original)

    errors.add(:image_file, 'width must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.width < 16
    errors.add(:image_file, 'height must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.height < 16
  rescue
    errors.add(:image_file, 'unable to extract image dimensions')
  end

end

#image_file_content_typeString

Added by paperclip; the MIME (must be image) and file type (e.g. image/png).

Returns:

  • (String)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 49

class Image < ApplicationRecord
  include Housekeeping
  include Shared::Identifiers
  include Shared::Notes
  include Shared::Tags
  include Shared::ProtocolRelationships
  include Shared::Citations
  include Shared::Attributions
  include Shared::IsData
  include SoftValidation

  include Image::Sled

  attr_accessor :rotate

  MISSING_IMAGE_PATH = '/public/images/missing.jpg'.freeze

  GRAPH_ENTRY_POINTS = [:depictions]

  DEFAULT_SIZES = {
    thumb: { width: 100, height: 100 },
    medium: { width: 300, height: 300 }
  }.freeze

  has_one :sled_image, dependent: :destroy

  has_many :depictions, inverse_of: :image, dependent: :restrict_with_error

  has_many :collection_objects, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'CollectionObject'
  has_many :otus, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'Otu'
  has_many :taxon_names, through: :otus

  before_save :extract_tw_attributes

  # also using https://github.com/teeparham/paperclip-meta
  has_attached_file :image_file,
    styles: {
      thumb: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:height]}>", :png ] ,
      medium: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:height]}>", :jpg ] },
    default_url: MISSING_IMAGE_PATH,
    filename_cleaner: Utilities::CleanseFilename,
    processors: [:rotator]

    #:restricted_characters => /[^A-Za-z0-9\.]/,
  validates_attachment_content_type :image_file, content_type: /\Aimage\/.*\Z/
  validates_attachment_presence :image_file
  validate :image_dimensions_too_short

  soft_validate(:sv_duplicate_image?)

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :sled_image, allow_destroy: true

  def sqed_depiction
    depictions.joins(:sqed_depiction).first&.sqed_depiction
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  def has_duplicate?
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).count > 1
  end

    # @return [Array]
  def duplicate_images
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).not_self(self).to_a
  end

    # @return [Hash]
    # returns a hash of EXIF data if present, empty hash if not.do
    # EXIF data tags/specifications -  http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF
  def exif
    ret_val = {} # return value

    unless self.new_record? # only process if record exists
      tmp     = `identify -format "%[EXIF:*]" #{self.image_file.url}` # returns a string (exif:tag=value\n)
      # following removes the exif, spits and recombines string as a hash
      ret_val = tmp.split("\n").collect { |b| b.gsub('exif:', '').split('=') }
        .inject({}) { |hsh, c| hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1]) }
      # might be able to tmp.split("\n").collect { |b|
      # b.gsub("exif:", "").split("=")
      # }.inject(ret_val) { |hsh, c|
      #   hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1])
      # }
    end

    ret_val # return
  end

  # TODO: move to /lib
  # @return [Nil]
  #  currently handling this client side
  def gps_data
    # if there is EXIF data, pulls out geographic coordinates & returns hash of lat/long in decimal degrees
    # (5 digits after decimal point if available)
    # EXIF gps information is in http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF section 4.6.6
    # note that cameras follow specifications, but EXIF data can be edited manually and may not follow specifications.

    # check if gps data is in d m s (could be edited manually)
    #   => format dd/1,mm/1,ss/1 or dd/1,mmmm/100,0/1 or 40/1, 5/1, 314437/10000
    # N = +
    # S = -
    # E = +
    # W = -
    # Altitude should be based on reference of sea level
    # GPSAltitudeRef is 0 for above sea level, and 1 for below sea level

    # From discussion with Jim -
    # create a utility library called "GeoConvert" and define single method
    # that will convert from degrees min sec to decimal degree
    # - maybe 2 versions? - one returns string, other decimal?
  end

    # Returns the true, unscaled height/width ratio
    # @return [Float]
  def hw_ratio
    raise if height.nil? || width.nil? # if they are something has gone badly wrong
    return (height.to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys
    # used in ImageHelper#image_thumb_tag
    # asthetic scaling of very narrow images in thumbnails
    # @return [Hash]
  def thumb_scaler
    a = self.hw_ratio
    if a < 0.6
      { 'width' => 200, 'height' => 200 * a}
    else
      {}
    end
  end
    # rubocop:enable Style/StringHashKeys

    # the scale factor is typically the same except in a few cases where we skew small thumbs
    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    (width_for_size(size).to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    height_for_size(size).to_f / height.to_f
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 200.0 : ((width.to_f / height.to_f ) * 160.0)
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? 640.0 : 640.0 / a
    when :big
      a < 1 ? 1600.0 : 1600.0 / a
    when :original
      width
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 213.0 * height.to_f / width.to_f : 160
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? a * 640 : 640
    when :big
      a < 1 ? a * 1600 : 1600
    when :original
      height
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    #  def filename(layout_section_type)
    #    'tmp/' + tempfile(layout_section_type).path.split('/').last
    #  end

    #  def tempfile(layout_section_type)
    #    tempfile = Tempfile.new([layout_section_type.to_s, '.jpg'], "#{Rails.root.to_s}/public/images/tmp", encoding: 'ASCII-8BIT' )
    #    tempfile.write(zoomed_image(layout_section_type).to_blob)
    #    tempfile
    #  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.cropped(params)
    image = Image.find(params[:id])
    img = Magick::Image.read(image.image_file.path(:original)).first
    begin
      # img.crop(x, y, width, height, true)
      cropped = img.crop( params[:x].to_i, params[:y].to_i, params[:width].to_i, params[:height].to_i, true)
    rescue RuntimeError
      cropped = img.crop(0,0, 1, 1)  # return a single pixel on error ! TODO: make/return an error image
    ensure
      img.destroy!
    end
    cropped
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.resized(params)
    c = cropped(params)
    resized = c.resize(params[:new_width].to_i, params[:new_height].to_i) #.sharpen(0x1)
    c.destroy!
    resized
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image, nil]
  def self.scaled_to_box(params)
    begin
      c = cropped(params)
      ratio = c.columns.to_f / c.rows.to_f
      box_ratio = params[:box_width].to_f / params[:box_height].to_f
      # TODO: special considerations for 1:1?

      if box_ratio > 1
        if ratio > 1 # wide into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio).to_i,
            params[:box_height].to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      else # <
        if ratio > 1 # wide into tall
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into tall # TODO: or 1:1?!
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio ).to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f ).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      end
      c.destroy!
    rescue Magick::ImageMagickError
      nil
    end
    scaled
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.scaled_to_box_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(scaled_to_box(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.resized_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(resized(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.cropped_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(cropped(params))
  end

    # @param used_on [String] required, a depictable base class name like  `Otu`, `Content`, or `CollectionObject`
    # @return [Scope]
    #   the max 10 most recently used images, as `used_on`
  def self.used_recently(user_id, project_id, used_on = '')
    i = arel_table
    d = Depiction.arel_table

    # i is a select manager
    j = d.project(d['image_id'], d['updated_at'], d['depiction_object_type']).from(d)
      .where(d['updated_at'].gt( 1.week.ago ))
      .where(d['updated_by_id'].eq(user_id))
      .where(d['project_id'].eq(project_id))
      .order(d['updated_at'].desc)

    z = j.as('recent_i')

    k = Arel::Nodes::InnerJoin.new(z, Arel::Nodes::On.new(
      z['image_id'].eq(i['id']).and(z['depiction_object_type'].eq(used_on))
    ))

    joins(k).distinct.pluck(:id)
  end

    # @params target [String] required, one of nil, `AssertedDistribution`, `Content`, `BiologicalAssociation`, 'TaxonDetermination'
    # @return [Hash] images optimized for user selection
  def self.select_optimized(user_id, project_id, target = nil)
    r = used_recently(user_id, project_id, target)
    h = {
      quick: [],
      pinboard: Image.pinned_by(user_id).where(project_id:).to_a,
      recent: []
    }

    if target && !r.empty?
      h[:recent] = (
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(5) ).to_a +
        Image.where(project_id:, created_by_id: user_id, created_at: 3.hours.ago..Time.now)
        .order('updated_at DESC')
        .limit(3).to_a
      ).uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}

      h[:quick] = (
        Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(project_id:).to_a +
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(4) ).to_a)
        .uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}
    else
      h[:recent] = Image.where(project_id:).order('updated_at DESC').limit(10).to_a
      h[:quick] = Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(pinboard_items: {project_id:}).order('updated_at DESC')
    end

    h
  end

    protected

    # @return [Integer, Nil]
  def extract_tw_attributes
    # NOTE: assumes content type is an image.
    tempfile = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]
    if tempfile.nil?
      self.width = 0
      self.height = 0
      self.user_file_name = nil
    else
      self.user_file_name = tempfile.original_filename
      geometry = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(tempfile)
      self.width = geometry.width.to_i
      self.height = geometry.height.to_i
    end
  end

    # Check md5 fingerprint against existing fingerprints
    # @return [Object]
  def sv_duplicate_image?
    if has_duplicate?
      soft_validations.add(
        :image_file_fingerprint,
        'This image is a duplicate of an image already stored.')
    end
  end

    private

    # Converts image to blob and releases memory of img (image cannot be used afterwards)
    # @param [Magick::Image] img
    # @return [String] a JPG representation of the image
    #   !! Always converts to .jpg, this may need abstraction later
    #   Returns an empty string if no image
  def self.to_blob!(img)
    return '' if img.nil?
    img.format = 'jpg'
    blob = img.to_blob
    img.destroy!
    blob
  end

  def image_dimensions_too_short
    return unless original = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]

    dimensions = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(original)

    errors.add(:image_file, 'width must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.width < 16
    errors.add(:image_file, 'height must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.height < 16
  rescue
    errors.add(:image_file, 'unable to extract image dimensions')
  end

end

#image_file_file_nameString

Added by paperclip; the filename after processing to remove special characters.

Returns:

  • (String)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 49

class Image < ApplicationRecord
  include Housekeeping
  include Shared::Identifiers
  include Shared::Notes
  include Shared::Tags
  include Shared::ProtocolRelationships
  include Shared::Citations
  include Shared::Attributions
  include Shared::IsData
  include SoftValidation

  include Image::Sled

  attr_accessor :rotate

  MISSING_IMAGE_PATH = '/public/images/missing.jpg'.freeze

  GRAPH_ENTRY_POINTS = [:depictions]

  DEFAULT_SIZES = {
    thumb: { width: 100, height: 100 },
    medium: { width: 300, height: 300 }
  }.freeze

  has_one :sled_image, dependent: :destroy

  has_many :depictions, inverse_of: :image, dependent: :restrict_with_error

  has_many :collection_objects, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'CollectionObject'
  has_many :otus, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'Otu'
  has_many :taxon_names, through: :otus

  before_save :extract_tw_attributes

  # also using https://github.com/teeparham/paperclip-meta
  has_attached_file :image_file,
    styles: {
      thumb: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:height]}>", :png ] ,
      medium: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:height]}>", :jpg ] },
    default_url: MISSING_IMAGE_PATH,
    filename_cleaner: Utilities::CleanseFilename,
    processors: [:rotator]

    #:restricted_characters => /[^A-Za-z0-9\.]/,
  validates_attachment_content_type :image_file, content_type: /\Aimage\/.*\Z/
  validates_attachment_presence :image_file
  validate :image_dimensions_too_short

  soft_validate(:sv_duplicate_image?)

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :sled_image, allow_destroy: true

  def sqed_depiction
    depictions.joins(:sqed_depiction).first&.sqed_depiction
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  def has_duplicate?
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).count > 1
  end

    # @return [Array]
  def duplicate_images
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).not_self(self).to_a
  end

    # @return [Hash]
    # returns a hash of EXIF data if present, empty hash if not.do
    # EXIF data tags/specifications -  http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF
  def exif
    ret_val = {} # return value

    unless self.new_record? # only process if record exists
      tmp     = `identify -format "%[EXIF:*]" #{self.image_file.url}` # returns a string (exif:tag=value\n)
      # following removes the exif, spits and recombines string as a hash
      ret_val = tmp.split("\n").collect { |b| b.gsub('exif:', '').split('=') }
        .inject({}) { |hsh, c| hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1]) }
      # might be able to tmp.split("\n").collect { |b|
      # b.gsub("exif:", "").split("=")
      # }.inject(ret_val) { |hsh, c|
      #   hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1])
      # }
    end

    ret_val # return
  end

  # TODO: move to /lib
  # @return [Nil]
  #  currently handling this client side
  def gps_data
    # if there is EXIF data, pulls out geographic coordinates & returns hash of lat/long in decimal degrees
    # (5 digits after decimal point if available)
    # EXIF gps information is in http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF section 4.6.6
    # note that cameras follow specifications, but EXIF data can be edited manually and may not follow specifications.

    # check if gps data is in d m s (could be edited manually)
    #   => format dd/1,mm/1,ss/1 or dd/1,mmmm/100,0/1 or 40/1, 5/1, 314437/10000
    # N = +
    # S = -
    # E = +
    # W = -
    # Altitude should be based on reference of sea level
    # GPSAltitudeRef is 0 for above sea level, and 1 for below sea level

    # From discussion with Jim -
    # create a utility library called "GeoConvert" and define single method
    # that will convert from degrees min sec to decimal degree
    # - maybe 2 versions? - one returns string, other decimal?
  end

    # Returns the true, unscaled height/width ratio
    # @return [Float]
  def hw_ratio
    raise if height.nil? || width.nil? # if they are something has gone badly wrong
    return (height.to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys
    # used in ImageHelper#image_thumb_tag
    # asthetic scaling of very narrow images in thumbnails
    # @return [Hash]
  def thumb_scaler
    a = self.hw_ratio
    if a < 0.6
      { 'width' => 200, 'height' => 200 * a}
    else
      {}
    end
  end
    # rubocop:enable Style/StringHashKeys

    # the scale factor is typically the same except in a few cases where we skew small thumbs
    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    (width_for_size(size).to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    height_for_size(size).to_f / height.to_f
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 200.0 : ((width.to_f / height.to_f ) * 160.0)
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? 640.0 : 640.0 / a
    when :big
      a < 1 ? 1600.0 : 1600.0 / a
    when :original
      width
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 213.0 * height.to_f / width.to_f : 160
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? a * 640 : 640
    when :big
      a < 1 ? a * 1600 : 1600
    when :original
      height
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    #  def filename(layout_section_type)
    #    'tmp/' + tempfile(layout_section_type).path.split('/').last
    #  end

    #  def tempfile(layout_section_type)
    #    tempfile = Tempfile.new([layout_section_type.to_s, '.jpg'], "#{Rails.root.to_s}/public/images/tmp", encoding: 'ASCII-8BIT' )
    #    tempfile.write(zoomed_image(layout_section_type).to_blob)
    #    tempfile
    #  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.cropped(params)
    image = Image.find(params[:id])
    img = Magick::Image.read(image.image_file.path(:original)).first
    begin
      # img.crop(x, y, width, height, true)
      cropped = img.crop( params[:x].to_i, params[:y].to_i, params[:width].to_i, params[:height].to_i, true)
    rescue RuntimeError
      cropped = img.crop(0,0, 1, 1)  # return a single pixel on error ! TODO: make/return an error image
    ensure
      img.destroy!
    end
    cropped
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.resized(params)
    c = cropped(params)
    resized = c.resize(params[:new_width].to_i, params[:new_height].to_i) #.sharpen(0x1)
    c.destroy!
    resized
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image, nil]
  def self.scaled_to_box(params)
    begin
      c = cropped(params)
      ratio = c.columns.to_f / c.rows.to_f
      box_ratio = params[:box_width].to_f / params[:box_height].to_f
      # TODO: special considerations for 1:1?

      if box_ratio > 1
        if ratio > 1 # wide into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio).to_i,
            params[:box_height].to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      else # <
        if ratio > 1 # wide into tall
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into tall # TODO: or 1:1?!
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio ).to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f ).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      end
      c.destroy!
    rescue Magick::ImageMagickError
      nil
    end
    scaled
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.scaled_to_box_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(scaled_to_box(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.resized_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(resized(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.cropped_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(cropped(params))
  end

    # @param used_on [String] required, a depictable base class name like  `Otu`, `Content`, or `CollectionObject`
    # @return [Scope]
    #   the max 10 most recently used images, as `used_on`
  def self.used_recently(user_id, project_id, used_on = '')
    i = arel_table
    d = Depiction.arel_table

    # i is a select manager
    j = d.project(d['image_id'], d['updated_at'], d['depiction_object_type']).from(d)
      .where(d['updated_at'].gt( 1.week.ago ))
      .where(d['updated_by_id'].eq(user_id))
      .where(d['project_id'].eq(project_id))
      .order(d['updated_at'].desc)

    z = j.as('recent_i')

    k = Arel::Nodes::InnerJoin.new(z, Arel::Nodes::On.new(
      z['image_id'].eq(i['id']).and(z['depiction_object_type'].eq(used_on))
    ))

    joins(k).distinct.pluck(:id)
  end

    # @params target [String] required, one of nil, `AssertedDistribution`, `Content`, `BiologicalAssociation`, 'TaxonDetermination'
    # @return [Hash] images optimized for user selection
  def self.select_optimized(user_id, project_id, target = nil)
    r = used_recently(user_id, project_id, target)
    h = {
      quick: [],
      pinboard: Image.pinned_by(user_id).where(project_id:).to_a,
      recent: []
    }

    if target && !r.empty?
      h[:recent] = (
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(5) ).to_a +
        Image.where(project_id:, created_by_id: user_id, created_at: 3.hours.ago..Time.now)
        .order('updated_at DESC')
        .limit(3).to_a
      ).uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}

      h[:quick] = (
        Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(project_id:).to_a +
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(4) ).to_a)
        .uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}
    else
      h[:recent] = Image.where(project_id:).order('updated_at DESC').limit(10).to_a
      h[:quick] = Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(pinboard_items: {project_id:}).order('updated_at DESC')
    end

    h
  end

    protected

    # @return [Integer, Nil]
  def extract_tw_attributes
    # NOTE: assumes content type is an image.
    tempfile = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]
    if tempfile.nil?
      self.width = 0
      self.height = 0
      self.user_file_name = nil
    else
      self.user_file_name = tempfile.original_filename
      geometry = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(tempfile)
      self.width = geometry.width.to_i
      self.height = geometry.height.to_i
    end
  end

    # Check md5 fingerprint against existing fingerprints
    # @return [Object]
  def sv_duplicate_image?
    if has_duplicate?
      soft_validations.add(
        :image_file_fingerprint,
        'This image is a duplicate of an image already stored.')
    end
  end

    private

    # Converts image to blob and releases memory of img (image cannot be used afterwards)
    # @param [Magick::Image] img
    # @return [String] a JPG representation of the image
    #   !! Always converts to .jpg, this may need abstraction later
    #   Returns an empty string if no image
  def self.to_blob!(img)
    return '' if img.nil?
    img.format = 'jpg'
    blob = img.to_blob
    img.destroy!
    blob
  end

  def image_dimensions_too_short
    return unless original = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]

    dimensions = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(original)

    errors.add(:image_file, 'width must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.width < 16
    errors.add(:image_file, 'height must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.height < 16
  rescue
    errors.add(:image_file, 'unable to extract image dimensions')
  end

end

#image_file_file_sizeInteger

Added by paperclip

Returns:

  • (Integer)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 49

class Image < ApplicationRecord
  include Housekeeping
  include Shared::Identifiers
  include Shared::Notes
  include Shared::Tags
  include Shared::ProtocolRelationships
  include Shared::Citations
  include Shared::Attributions
  include Shared::IsData
  include SoftValidation

  include Image::Sled

  attr_accessor :rotate

  MISSING_IMAGE_PATH = '/public/images/missing.jpg'.freeze

  GRAPH_ENTRY_POINTS = [:depictions]

  DEFAULT_SIZES = {
    thumb: { width: 100, height: 100 },
    medium: { width: 300, height: 300 }
  }.freeze

  has_one :sled_image, dependent: :destroy

  has_many :depictions, inverse_of: :image, dependent: :restrict_with_error

  has_many :collection_objects, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'CollectionObject'
  has_many :otus, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'Otu'
  has_many :taxon_names, through: :otus

  before_save :extract_tw_attributes

  # also using https://github.com/teeparham/paperclip-meta
  has_attached_file :image_file,
    styles: {
      thumb: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:height]}>", :png ] ,
      medium: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:height]}>", :jpg ] },
    default_url: MISSING_IMAGE_PATH,
    filename_cleaner: Utilities::CleanseFilename,
    processors: [:rotator]

    #:restricted_characters => /[^A-Za-z0-9\.]/,
  validates_attachment_content_type :image_file, content_type: /\Aimage\/.*\Z/
  validates_attachment_presence :image_file
  validate :image_dimensions_too_short

  soft_validate(:sv_duplicate_image?)

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :sled_image, allow_destroy: true

  def sqed_depiction
    depictions.joins(:sqed_depiction).first&.sqed_depiction
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  def has_duplicate?
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).count > 1
  end

    # @return [Array]
  def duplicate_images
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).not_self(self).to_a
  end

    # @return [Hash]
    # returns a hash of EXIF data if present, empty hash if not.do
    # EXIF data tags/specifications -  http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF
  def exif
    ret_val = {} # return value

    unless self.new_record? # only process if record exists
      tmp     = `identify -format "%[EXIF:*]" #{self.image_file.url}` # returns a string (exif:tag=value\n)
      # following removes the exif, spits and recombines string as a hash
      ret_val = tmp.split("\n").collect { |b| b.gsub('exif:', '').split('=') }
        .inject({}) { |hsh, c| hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1]) }
      # might be able to tmp.split("\n").collect { |b|
      # b.gsub("exif:", "").split("=")
      # }.inject(ret_val) { |hsh, c|
      #   hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1])
      # }
    end

    ret_val # return
  end

  # TODO: move to /lib
  # @return [Nil]
  #  currently handling this client side
  def gps_data
    # if there is EXIF data, pulls out geographic coordinates & returns hash of lat/long in decimal degrees
    # (5 digits after decimal point if available)
    # EXIF gps information is in http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF section 4.6.6
    # note that cameras follow specifications, but EXIF data can be edited manually and may not follow specifications.

    # check if gps data is in d m s (could be edited manually)
    #   => format dd/1,mm/1,ss/1 or dd/1,mmmm/100,0/1 or 40/1, 5/1, 314437/10000
    # N = +
    # S = -
    # E = +
    # W = -
    # Altitude should be based on reference of sea level
    # GPSAltitudeRef is 0 for above sea level, and 1 for below sea level

    # From discussion with Jim -
    # create a utility library called "GeoConvert" and define single method
    # that will convert from degrees min sec to decimal degree
    # - maybe 2 versions? - one returns string, other decimal?
  end

    # Returns the true, unscaled height/width ratio
    # @return [Float]
  def hw_ratio
    raise if height.nil? || width.nil? # if they are something has gone badly wrong
    return (height.to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys
    # used in ImageHelper#image_thumb_tag
    # asthetic scaling of very narrow images in thumbnails
    # @return [Hash]
  def thumb_scaler
    a = self.hw_ratio
    if a < 0.6
      { 'width' => 200, 'height' => 200 * a}
    else
      {}
    end
  end
    # rubocop:enable Style/StringHashKeys

    # the scale factor is typically the same except in a few cases where we skew small thumbs
    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    (width_for_size(size).to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    height_for_size(size).to_f / height.to_f
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 200.0 : ((width.to_f / height.to_f ) * 160.0)
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? 640.0 : 640.0 / a
    when :big
      a < 1 ? 1600.0 : 1600.0 / a
    when :original
      width
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 213.0 * height.to_f / width.to_f : 160
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? a * 640 : 640
    when :big
      a < 1 ? a * 1600 : 1600
    when :original
      height
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    #  def filename(layout_section_type)
    #    'tmp/' + tempfile(layout_section_type).path.split('/').last
    #  end

    #  def tempfile(layout_section_type)
    #    tempfile = Tempfile.new([layout_section_type.to_s, '.jpg'], "#{Rails.root.to_s}/public/images/tmp", encoding: 'ASCII-8BIT' )
    #    tempfile.write(zoomed_image(layout_section_type).to_blob)
    #    tempfile
    #  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.cropped(params)
    image = Image.find(params[:id])
    img = Magick::Image.read(image.image_file.path(:original)).first
    begin
      # img.crop(x, y, width, height, true)
      cropped = img.crop( params[:x].to_i, params[:y].to_i, params[:width].to_i, params[:height].to_i, true)
    rescue RuntimeError
      cropped = img.crop(0,0, 1, 1)  # return a single pixel on error ! TODO: make/return an error image
    ensure
      img.destroy!
    end
    cropped
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.resized(params)
    c = cropped(params)
    resized = c.resize(params[:new_width].to_i, params[:new_height].to_i) #.sharpen(0x1)
    c.destroy!
    resized
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image, nil]
  def self.scaled_to_box(params)
    begin
      c = cropped(params)
      ratio = c.columns.to_f / c.rows.to_f
      box_ratio = params[:box_width].to_f / params[:box_height].to_f
      # TODO: special considerations for 1:1?

      if box_ratio > 1
        if ratio > 1 # wide into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio).to_i,
            params[:box_height].to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      else # <
        if ratio > 1 # wide into tall
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into tall # TODO: or 1:1?!
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio ).to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f ).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      end
      c.destroy!
    rescue Magick::ImageMagickError
      nil
    end
    scaled
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.scaled_to_box_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(scaled_to_box(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.resized_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(resized(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.cropped_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(cropped(params))
  end

    # @param used_on [String] required, a depictable base class name like  `Otu`, `Content`, or `CollectionObject`
    # @return [Scope]
    #   the max 10 most recently used images, as `used_on`
  def self.used_recently(user_id, project_id, used_on = '')
    i = arel_table
    d = Depiction.arel_table

    # i is a select manager
    j = d.project(d['image_id'], d['updated_at'], d['depiction_object_type']).from(d)
      .where(d['updated_at'].gt( 1.week.ago ))
      .where(d['updated_by_id'].eq(user_id))
      .where(d['project_id'].eq(project_id))
      .order(d['updated_at'].desc)

    z = j.as('recent_i')

    k = Arel::Nodes::InnerJoin.new(z, Arel::Nodes::On.new(
      z['image_id'].eq(i['id']).and(z['depiction_object_type'].eq(used_on))
    ))

    joins(k).distinct.pluck(:id)
  end

    # @params target [String] required, one of nil, `AssertedDistribution`, `Content`, `BiologicalAssociation`, 'TaxonDetermination'
    # @return [Hash] images optimized for user selection
  def self.select_optimized(user_id, project_id, target = nil)
    r = used_recently(user_id, project_id, target)
    h = {
      quick: [],
      pinboard: Image.pinned_by(user_id).where(project_id:).to_a,
      recent: []
    }

    if target && !r.empty?
      h[:recent] = (
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(5) ).to_a +
        Image.where(project_id:, created_by_id: user_id, created_at: 3.hours.ago..Time.now)
        .order('updated_at DESC')
        .limit(3).to_a
      ).uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}

      h[:quick] = (
        Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(project_id:).to_a +
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(4) ).to_a)
        .uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}
    else
      h[:recent] = Image.where(project_id:).order('updated_at DESC').limit(10).to_a
      h[:quick] = Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(pinboard_items: {project_id:}).order('updated_at DESC')
    end

    h
  end

    protected

    # @return [Integer, Nil]
  def extract_tw_attributes
    # NOTE: assumes content type is an image.
    tempfile = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]
    if tempfile.nil?
      self.width = 0
      self.height = 0
      self.user_file_name = nil
    else
      self.user_file_name = tempfile.original_filename
      geometry = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(tempfile)
      self.width = geometry.width.to_i
      self.height = geometry.height.to_i
    end
  end

    # Check md5 fingerprint against existing fingerprints
    # @return [Object]
  def sv_duplicate_image?
    if has_duplicate?
      soft_validations.add(
        :image_file_fingerprint,
        'This image is a duplicate of an image already stored.')
    end
  end

    private

    # Converts image to blob and releases memory of img (image cannot be used afterwards)
    # @param [Magick::Image] img
    # @return [String] a JPG representation of the image
    #   !! Always converts to .jpg, this may need abstraction later
    #   Returns an empty string if no image
  def self.to_blob!(img)
    return '' if img.nil?
    img.format = 'jpg'
    blob = img.to_blob
    img.destroy!
    blob
  end

  def image_dimensions_too_short
    return unless original = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]

    dimensions = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(original)

    errors.add(:image_file, 'width must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.width < 16
    errors.add(:image_file, 'height must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.height < 16
  rescue
    errors.add(:image_file, 'unable to extract image dimensions')
  end

end

#image_file_fingerprintString

Added by paperclip; MD5 for the image file

Returns:

  • (String)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 49

class Image < ApplicationRecord
  include Housekeeping
  include Shared::Identifiers
  include Shared::Notes
  include Shared::Tags
  include Shared::ProtocolRelationships
  include Shared::Citations
  include Shared::Attributions
  include Shared::IsData
  include SoftValidation

  include Image::Sled

  attr_accessor :rotate

  MISSING_IMAGE_PATH = '/public/images/missing.jpg'.freeze

  GRAPH_ENTRY_POINTS = [:depictions]

  DEFAULT_SIZES = {
    thumb: { width: 100, height: 100 },
    medium: { width: 300, height: 300 }
  }.freeze

  has_one :sled_image, dependent: :destroy

  has_many :depictions, inverse_of: :image, dependent: :restrict_with_error

  has_many :collection_objects, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'CollectionObject'
  has_many :otus, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'Otu'
  has_many :taxon_names, through: :otus

  before_save :extract_tw_attributes

  # also using https://github.com/teeparham/paperclip-meta
  has_attached_file :image_file,
    styles: {
      thumb: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:height]}>", :png ] ,
      medium: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:height]}>", :jpg ] },
    default_url: MISSING_IMAGE_PATH,
    filename_cleaner: Utilities::CleanseFilename,
    processors: [:rotator]

    #:restricted_characters => /[^A-Za-z0-9\.]/,
  validates_attachment_content_type :image_file, content_type: /\Aimage\/.*\Z/
  validates_attachment_presence :image_file
  validate :image_dimensions_too_short

  soft_validate(:sv_duplicate_image?)

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :sled_image, allow_destroy: true

  def sqed_depiction
    depictions.joins(:sqed_depiction).first&.sqed_depiction
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  def has_duplicate?
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).count > 1
  end

    # @return [Array]
  def duplicate_images
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).not_self(self).to_a
  end

    # @return [Hash]
    # returns a hash of EXIF data if present, empty hash if not.do
    # EXIF data tags/specifications -  http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF
  def exif
    ret_val = {} # return value

    unless self.new_record? # only process if record exists
      tmp     = `identify -format "%[EXIF:*]" #{self.image_file.url}` # returns a string (exif:tag=value\n)
      # following removes the exif, spits and recombines string as a hash
      ret_val = tmp.split("\n").collect { |b| b.gsub('exif:', '').split('=') }
        .inject({}) { |hsh, c| hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1]) }
      # might be able to tmp.split("\n").collect { |b|
      # b.gsub("exif:", "").split("=")
      # }.inject(ret_val) { |hsh, c|
      #   hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1])
      # }
    end

    ret_val # return
  end

  # TODO: move to /lib
  # @return [Nil]
  #  currently handling this client side
  def gps_data
    # if there is EXIF data, pulls out geographic coordinates & returns hash of lat/long in decimal degrees
    # (5 digits after decimal point if available)
    # EXIF gps information is in http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF section 4.6.6
    # note that cameras follow specifications, but EXIF data can be edited manually and may not follow specifications.

    # check if gps data is in d m s (could be edited manually)
    #   => format dd/1,mm/1,ss/1 or dd/1,mmmm/100,0/1 or 40/1, 5/1, 314437/10000
    # N = +
    # S = -
    # E = +
    # W = -
    # Altitude should be based on reference of sea level
    # GPSAltitudeRef is 0 for above sea level, and 1 for below sea level

    # From discussion with Jim -
    # create a utility library called "GeoConvert" and define single method
    # that will convert from degrees min sec to decimal degree
    # - maybe 2 versions? - one returns string, other decimal?
  end

    # Returns the true, unscaled height/width ratio
    # @return [Float]
  def hw_ratio
    raise if height.nil? || width.nil? # if they are something has gone badly wrong
    return (height.to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys
    # used in ImageHelper#image_thumb_tag
    # asthetic scaling of very narrow images in thumbnails
    # @return [Hash]
  def thumb_scaler
    a = self.hw_ratio
    if a < 0.6
      { 'width' => 200, 'height' => 200 * a}
    else
      {}
    end
  end
    # rubocop:enable Style/StringHashKeys

    # the scale factor is typically the same except in a few cases where we skew small thumbs
    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    (width_for_size(size).to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    height_for_size(size).to_f / height.to_f
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 200.0 : ((width.to_f / height.to_f ) * 160.0)
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? 640.0 : 640.0 / a
    when :big
      a < 1 ? 1600.0 : 1600.0 / a
    when :original
      width
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 213.0 * height.to_f / width.to_f : 160
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? a * 640 : 640
    when :big
      a < 1 ? a * 1600 : 1600
    when :original
      height
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    #  def filename(layout_section_type)
    #    'tmp/' + tempfile(layout_section_type).path.split('/').last
    #  end

    #  def tempfile(layout_section_type)
    #    tempfile = Tempfile.new([layout_section_type.to_s, '.jpg'], "#{Rails.root.to_s}/public/images/tmp", encoding: 'ASCII-8BIT' )
    #    tempfile.write(zoomed_image(layout_section_type).to_blob)
    #    tempfile
    #  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.cropped(params)
    image = Image.find(params[:id])
    img = Magick::Image.read(image.image_file.path(:original)).first
    begin
      # img.crop(x, y, width, height, true)
      cropped = img.crop( params[:x].to_i, params[:y].to_i, params[:width].to_i, params[:height].to_i, true)
    rescue RuntimeError
      cropped = img.crop(0,0, 1, 1)  # return a single pixel on error ! TODO: make/return an error image
    ensure
      img.destroy!
    end
    cropped
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.resized(params)
    c = cropped(params)
    resized = c.resize(params[:new_width].to_i, params[:new_height].to_i) #.sharpen(0x1)
    c.destroy!
    resized
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image, nil]
  def self.scaled_to_box(params)
    begin
      c = cropped(params)
      ratio = c.columns.to_f / c.rows.to_f
      box_ratio = params[:box_width].to_f / params[:box_height].to_f
      # TODO: special considerations for 1:1?

      if box_ratio > 1
        if ratio > 1 # wide into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio).to_i,
            params[:box_height].to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      else # <
        if ratio > 1 # wide into tall
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into tall # TODO: or 1:1?!
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio ).to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f ).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      end
      c.destroy!
    rescue Magick::ImageMagickError
      nil
    end
    scaled
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.scaled_to_box_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(scaled_to_box(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.resized_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(resized(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.cropped_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(cropped(params))
  end

    # @param used_on [String] required, a depictable base class name like  `Otu`, `Content`, or `CollectionObject`
    # @return [Scope]
    #   the max 10 most recently used images, as `used_on`
  def self.used_recently(user_id, project_id, used_on = '')
    i = arel_table
    d = Depiction.arel_table

    # i is a select manager
    j = d.project(d['image_id'], d['updated_at'], d['depiction_object_type']).from(d)
      .where(d['updated_at'].gt( 1.week.ago ))
      .where(d['updated_by_id'].eq(user_id))
      .where(d['project_id'].eq(project_id))
      .order(d['updated_at'].desc)

    z = j.as('recent_i')

    k = Arel::Nodes::InnerJoin.new(z, Arel::Nodes::On.new(
      z['image_id'].eq(i['id']).and(z['depiction_object_type'].eq(used_on))
    ))

    joins(k).distinct.pluck(:id)
  end

    # @params target [String] required, one of nil, `AssertedDistribution`, `Content`, `BiologicalAssociation`, 'TaxonDetermination'
    # @return [Hash] images optimized for user selection
  def self.select_optimized(user_id, project_id, target = nil)
    r = used_recently(user_id, project_id, target)
    h = {
      quick: [],
      pinboard: Image.pinned_by(user_id).where(project_id:).to_a,
      recent: []
    }

    if target && !r.empty?
      h[:recent] = (
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(5) ).to_a +
        Image.where(project_id:, created_by_id: user_id, created_at: 3.hours.ago..Time.now)
        .order('updated_at DESC')
        .limit(3).to_a
      ).uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}

      h[:quick] = (
        Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(project_id:).to_a +
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(4) ).to_a)
        .uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}
    else
      h[:recent] = Image.where(project_id:).order('updated_at DESC').limit(10).to_a
      h[:quick] = Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(pinboard_items: {project_id:}).order('updated_at DESC')
    end

    h
  end

    protected

    # @return [Integer, Nil]
  def extract_tw_attributes
    # NOTE: assumes content type is an image.
    tempfile = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]
    if tempfile.nil?
      self.width = 0
      self.height = 0
      self.user_file_name = nil
    else
      self.user_file_name = tempfile.original_filename
      geometry = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(tempfile)
      self.width = geometry.width.to_i
      self.height = geometry.height.to_i
    end
  end

    # Check md5 fingerprint against existing fingerprints
    # @return [Object]
  def sv_duplicate_image?
    if has_duplicate?
      soft_validations.add(
        :image_file_fingerprint,
        'This image is a duplicate of an image already stored.')
    end
  end

    private

    # Converts image to blob and releases memory of img (image cannot be used afterwards)
    # @param [Magick::Image] img
    # @return [String] a JPG representation of the image
    #   !! Always converts to .jpg, this may need abstraction later
    #   Returns an empty string if no image
  def self.to_blob!(img)
    return '' if img.nil?
    img.format = 'jpg'
    blob = img.to_blob
    img.destroy!
    blob
  end

  def image_dimensions_too_short
    return unless original = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]

    dimensions = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(original)

    errors.add(:image_file, 'width must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.width < 16
    errors.add(:image_file, 'height must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.height < 16
  rescue
    errors.add(:image_file, 'unable to extract image dimensions')
  end

end

#image_file_metaString

Added by paperclip_meta gem, stores the sizes of derived images

Returns:

  • (String)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 49

class Image < ApplicationRecord
  include Housekeeping
  include Shared::Identifiers
  include Shared::Notes
  include Shared::Tags
  include Shared::ProtocolRelationships
  include Shared::Citations
  include Shared::Attributions
  include Shared::IsData
  include SoftValidation

  include Image::Sled

  attr_accessor :rotate

  MISSING_IMAGE_PATH = '/public/images/missing.jpg'.freeze

  GRAPH_ENTRY_POINTS = [:depictions]

  DEFAULT_SIZES = {
    thumb: { width: 100, height: 100 },
    medium: { width: 300, height: 300 }
  }.freeze

  has_one :sled_image, dependent: :destroy

  has_many :depictions, inverse_of: :image, dependent: :restrict_with_error

  has_many :collection_objects, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'CollectionObject'
  has_many :otus, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'Otu'
  has_many :taxon_names, through: :otus

  before_save :extract_tw_attributes

  # also using https://github.com/teeparham/paperclip-meta
  has_attached_file :image_file,
    styles: {
      thumb: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:height]}>", :png ] ,
      medium: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:height]}>", :jpg ] },
    default_url: MISSING_IMAGE_PATH,
    filename_cleaner: Utilities::CleanseFilename,
    processors: [:rotator]

    #:restricted_characters => /[^A-Za-z0-9\.]/,
  validates_attachment_content_type :image_file, content_type: /\Aimage\/.*\Z/
  validates_attachment_presence :image_file
  validate :image_dimensions_too_short

  soft_validate(:sv_duplicate_image?)

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :sled_image, allow_destroy: true

  def sqed_depiction
    depictions.joins(:sqed_depiction).first&.sqed_depiction
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  def has_duplicate?
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).count > 1
  end

    # @return [Array]
  def duplicate_images
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).not_self(self).to_a
  end

    # @return [Hash]
    # returns a hash of EXIF data if present, empty hash if not.do
    # EXIF data tags/specifications -  http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF
  def exif
    ret_val = {} # return value

    unless self.new_record? # only process if record exists
      tmp     = `identify -format "%[EXIF:*]" #{self.image_file.url}` # returns a string (exif:tag=value\n)
      # following removes the exif, spits and recombines string as a hash
      ret_val = tmp.split("\n").collect { |b| b.gsub('exif:', '').split('=') }
        .inject({}) { |hsh, c| hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1]) }
      # might be able to tmp.split("\n").collect { |b|
      # b.gsub("exif:", "").split("=")
      # }.inject(ret_val) { |hsh, c|
      #   hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1])
      # }
    end

    ret_val # return
  end

  # TODO: move to /lib
  # @return [Nil]
  #  currently handling this client side
  def gps_data
    # if there is EXIF data, pulls out geographic coordinates & returns hash of lat/long in decimal degrees
    # (5 digits after decimal point if available)
    # EXIF gps information is in http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF section 4.6.6
    # note that cameras follow specifications, but EXIF data can be edited manually and may not follow specifications.

    # check if gps data is in d m s (could be edited manually)
    #   => format dd/1,mm/1,ss/1 or dd/1,mmmm/100,0/1 or 40/1, 5/1, 314437/10000
    # N = +
    # S = -
    # E = +
    # W = -
    # Altitude should be based on reference of sea level
    # GPSAltitudeRef is 0 for above sea level, and 1 for below sea level

    # From discussion with Jim -
    # create a utility library called "GeoConvert" and define single method
    # that will convert from degrees min sec to decimal degree
    # - maybe 2 versions? - one returns string, other decimal?
  end

    # Returns the true, unscaled height/width ratio
    # @return [Float]
  def hw_ratio
    raise if height.nil? || width.nil? # if they are something has gone badly wrong
    return (height.to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys
    # used in ImageHelper#image_thumb_tag
    # asthetic scaling of very narrow images in thumbnails
    # @return [Hash]
  def thumb_scaler
    a = self.hw_ratio
    if a < 0.6
      { 'width' => 200, 'height' => 200 * a}
    else
      {}
    end
  end
    # rubocop:enable Style/StringHashKeys

    # the scale factor is typically the same except in a few cases where we skew small thumbs
    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    (width_for_size(size).to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    height_for_size(size).to_f / height.to_f
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 200.0 : ((width.to_f / height.to_f ) * 160.0)
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? 640.0 : 640.0 / a
    when :big
      a < 1 ? 1600.0 : 1600.0 / a
    when :original
      width
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 213.0 * height.to_f / width.to_f : 160
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? a * 640 : 640
    when :big
      a < 1 ? a * 1600 : 1600
    when :original
      height
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    #  def filename(layout_section_type)
    #    'tmp/' + tempfile(layout_section_type).path.split('/').last
    #  end

    #  def tempfile(layout_section_type)
    #    tempfile = Tempfile.new([layout_section_type.to_s, '.jpg'], "#{Rails.root.to_s}/public/images/tmp", encoding: 'ASCII-8BIT' )
    #    tempfile.write(zoomed_image(layout_section_type).to_blob)
    #    tempfile
    #  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.cropped(params)
    image = Image.find(params[:id])
    img = Magick::Image.read(image.image_file.path(:original)).first
    begin
      # img.crop(x, y, width, height, true)
      cropped = img.crop( params[:x].to_i, params[:y].to_i, params[:width].to_i, params[:height].to_i, true)
    rescue RuntimeError
      cropped = img.crop(0,0, 1, 1)  # return a single pixel on error ! TODO: make/return an error image
    ensure
      img.destroy!
    end
    cropped
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.resized(params)
    c = cropped(params)
    resized = c.resize(params[:new_width].to_i, params[:new_height].to_i) #.sharpen(0x1)
    c.destroy!
    resized
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image, nil]
  def self.scaled_to_box(params)
    begin
      c = cropped(params)
      ratio = c.columns.to_f / c.rows.to_f
      box_ratio = params[:box_width].to_f / params[:box_height].to_f
      # TODO: special considerations for 1:1?

      if box_ratio > 1
        if ratio > 1 # wide into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio).to_i,
            params[:box_height].to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      else # <
        if ratio > 1 # wide into tall
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into tall # TODO: or 1:1?!
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio ).to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f ).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      end
      c.destroy!
    rescue Magick::ImageMagickError
      nil
    end
    scaled
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.scaled_to_box_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(scaled_to_box(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.resized_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(resized(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.cropped_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(cropped(params))
  end

    # @param used_on [String] required, a depictable base class name like  `Otu`, `Content`, or `CollectionObject`
    # @return [Scope]
    #   the max 10 most recently used images, as `used_on`
  def self.used_recently(user_id, project_id, used_on = '')
    i = arel_table
    d = Depiction.arel_table

    # i is a select manager
    j = d.project(d['image_id'], d['updated_at'], d['depiction_object_type']).from(d)
      .where(d['updated_at'].gt( 1.week.ago ))
      .where(d['updated_by_id'].eq(user_id))
      .where(d['project_id'].eq(project_id))
      .order(d['updated_at'].desc)

    z = j.as('recent_i')

    k = Arel::Nodes::InnerJoin.new(z, Arel::Nodes::On.new(
      z['image_id'].eq(i['id']).and(z['depiction_object_type'].eq(used_on))
    ))

    joins(k).distinct.pluck(:id)
  end

    # @params target [String] required, one of nil, `AssertedDistribution`, `Content`, `BiologicalAssociation`, 'TaxonDetermination'
    # @return [Hash] images optimized for user selection
  def self.select_optimized(user_id, project_id, target = nil)
    r = used_recently(user_id, project_id, target)
    h = {
      quick: [],
      pinboard: Image.pinned_by(user_id).where(project_id:).to_a,
      recent: []
    }

    if target && !r.empty?
      h[:recent] = (
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(5) ).to_a +
        Image.where(project_id:, created_by_id: user_id, created_at: 3.hours.ago..Time.now)
        .order('updated_at DESC')
        .limit(3).to_a
      ).uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}

      h[:quick] = (
        Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(project_id:).to_a +
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(4) ).to_a)
        .uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}
    else
      h[:recent] = Image.where(project_id:).order('updated_at DESC').limit(10).to_a
      h[:quick] = Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(pinboard_items: {project_id:}).order('updated_at DESC')
    end

    h
  end

    protected

    # @return [Integer, Nil]
  def extract_tw_attributes
    # NOTE: assumes content type is an image.
    tempfile = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]
    if tempfile.nil?
      self.width = 0
      self.height = 0
      self.user_file_name = nil
    else
      self.user_file_name = tempfile.original_filename
      geometry = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(tempfile)
      self.width = geometry.width.to_i
      self.height = geometry.height.to_i
    end
  end

    # Check md5 fingerprint against existing fingerprints
    # @return [Object]
  def sv_duplicate_image?
    if has_duplicate?
      soft_validations.add(
        :image_file_fingerprint,
        'This image is a duplicate of an image already stored.')
    end
  end

    private

    # Converts image to blob and releases memory of img (image cannot be used afterwards)
    # @param [Magick::Image] img
    # @return [String] a JPG representation of the image
    #   !! Always converts to .jpg, this may need abstraction later
    #   Returns an empty string if no image
  def self.to_blob!(img)
    return '' if img.nil?
    img.format = 'jpg'
    blob = img.to_blob
    img.destroy!
    blob
  end

  def image_dimensions_too_short
    return unless original = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]

    dimensions = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(original)

    errors.add(:image_file, 'width must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.width < 16
    errors.add(:image_file, 'height must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.height < 16
  rescue
    errors.add(:image_file, 'unable to extract image dimensions')
  end

end

#image_file_updated_atInteger

Added by paperclip

Returns:

  • (Integer)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 49

class Image < ApplicationRecord
  include Housekeeping
  include Shared::Identifiers
  include Shared::Notes
  include Shared::Tags
  include Shared::ProtocolRelationships
  include Shared::Citations
  include Shared::Attributions
  include Shared::IsData
  include SoftValidation

  include Image::Sled

  attr_accessor :rotate

  MISSING_IMAGE_PATH = '/public/images/missing.jpg'.freeze

  GRAPH_ENTRY_POINTS = [:depictions]

  DEFAULT_SIZES = {
    thumb: { width: 100, height: 100 },
    medium: { width: 300, height: 300 }
  }.freeze

  has_one :sled_image, dependent: :destroy

  has_many :depictions, inverse_of: :image, dependent: :restrict_with_error

  has_many :collection_objects, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'CollectionObject'
  has_many :otus, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'Otu'
  has_many :taxon_names, through: :otus

  before_save :extract_tw_attributes

  # also using https://github.com/teeparham/paperclip-meta
  has_attached_file :image_file,
    styles: {
      thumb: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:height]}>", :png ] ,
      medium: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:height]}>", :jpg ] },
    default_url: MISSING_IMAGE_PATH,
    filename_cleaner: Utilities::CleanseFilename,
    processors: [:rotator]

    #:restricted_characters => /[^A-Za-z0-9\.]/,
  validates_attachment_content_type :image_file, content_type: /\Aimage\/.*\Z/
  validates_attachment_presence :image_file
  validate :image_dimensions_too_short

  soft_validate(:sv_duplicate_image?)

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :sled_image, allow_destroy: true

  def sqed_depiction
    depictions.joins(:sqed_depiction).first&.sqed_depiction
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  def has_duplicate?
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).count > 1
  end

    # @return [Array]
  def duplicate_images
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).not_self(self).to_a
  end

    # @return [Hash]
    # returns a hash of EXIF data if present, empty hash if not.do
    # EXIF data tags/specifications -  http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF
  def exif
    ret_val = {} # return value

    unless self.new_record? # only process if record exists
      tmp     = `identify -format "%[EXIF:*]" #{self.image_file.url}` # returns a string (exif:tag=value\n)
      # following removes the exif, spits and recombines string as a hash
      ret_val = tmp.split("\n").collect { |b| b.gsub('exif:', '').split('=') }
        .inject({}) { |hsh, c| hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1]) }
      # might be able to tmp.split("\n").collect { |b|
      # b.gsub("exif:", "").split("=")
      # }.inject(ret_val) { |hsh, c|
      #   hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1])
      # }
    end

    ret_val # return
  end

  # TODO: move to /lib
  # @return [Nil]
  #  currently handling this client side
  def gps_data
    # if there is EXIF data, pulls out geographic coordinates & returns hash of lat/long in decimal degrees
    # (5 digits after decimal point if available)
    # EXIF gps information is in http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF section 4.6.6
    # note that cameras follow specifications, but EXIF data can be edited manually and may not follow specifications.

    # check if gps data is in d m s (could be edited manually)
    #   => format dd/1,mm/1,ss/1 or dd/1,mmmm/100,0/1 or 40/1, 5/1, 314437/10000
    # N = +
    # S = -
    # E = +
    # W = -
    # Altitude should be based on reference of sea level
    # GPSAltitudeRef is 0 for above sea level, and 1 for below sea level

    # From discussion with Jim -
    # create a utility library called "GeoConvert" and define single method
    # that will convert from degrees min sec to decimal degree
    # - maybe 2 versions? - one returns string, other decimal?
  end

    # Returns the true, unscaled height/width ratio
    # @return [Float]
  def hw_ratio
    raise if height.nil? || width.nil? # if they are something has gone badly wrong
    return (height.to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys
    # used in ImageHelper#image_thumb_tag
    # asthetic scaling of very narrow images in thumbnails
    # @return [Hash]
  def thumb_scaler
    a = self.hw_ratio
    if a < 0.6
      { 'width' => 200, 'height' => 200 * a}
    else
      {}
    end
  end
    # rubocop:enable Style/StringHashKeys

    # the scale factor is typically the same except in a few cases where we skew small thumbs
    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    (width_for_size(size).to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    height_for_size(size).to_f / height.to_f
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 200.0 : ((width.to_f / height.to_f ) * 160.0)
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? 640.0 : 640.0 / a
    when :big
      a < 1 ? 1600.0 : 1600.0 / a
    when :original
      width
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 213.0 * height.to_f / width.to_f : 160
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? a * 640 : 640
    when :big
      a < 1 ? a * 1600 : 1600
    when :original
      height
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    #  def filename(layout_section_type)
    #    'tmp/' + tempfile(layout_section_type).path.split('/').last
    #  end

    #  def tempfile(layout_section_type)
    #    tempfile = Tempfile.new([layout_section_type.to_s, '.jpg'], "#{Rails.root.to_s}/public/images/tmp", encoding: 'ASCII-8BIT' )
    #    tempfile.write(zoomed_image(layout_section_type).to_blob)
    #    tempfile
    #  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.cropped(params)
    image = Image.find(params[:id])
    img = Magick::Image.read(image.image_file.path(:original)).first
    begin
      # img.crop(x, y, width, height, true)
      cropped = img.crop( params[:x].to_i, params[:y].to_i, params[:width].to_i, params[:height].to_i, true)
    rescue RuntimeError
      cropped = img.crop(0,0, 1, 1)  # return a single pixel on error ! TODO: make/return an error image
    ensure
      img.destroy!
    end
    cropped
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.resized(params)
    c = cropped(params)
    resized = c.resize(params[:new_width].to_i, params[:new_height].to_i) #.sharpen(0x1)
    c.destroy!
    resized
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image, nil]
  def self.scaled_to_box(params)
    begin
      c = cropped(params)
      ratio = c.columns.to_f / c.rows.to_f
      box_ratio = params[:box_width].to_f / params[:box_height].to_f
      # TODO: special considerations for 1:1?

      if box_ratio > 1
        if ratio > 1 # wide into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio).to_i,
            params[:box_height].to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      else # <
        if ratio > 1 # wide into tall
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into tall # TODO: or 1:1?!
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio ).to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f ).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      end
      c.destroy!
    rescue Magick::ImageMagickError
      nil
    end
    scaled
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.scaled_to_box_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(scaled_to_box(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.resized_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(resized(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.cropped_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(cropped(params))
  end

    # @param used_on [String] required, a depictable base class name like  `Otu`, `Content`, or `CollectionObject`
    # @return [Scope]
    #   the max 10 most recently used images, as `used_on`
  def self.used_recently(user_id, project_id, used_on = '')
    i = arel_table
    d = Depiction.arel_table

    # i is a select manager
    j = d.project(d['image_id'], d['updated_at'], d['depiction_object_type']).from(d)
      .where(d['updated_at'].gt( 1.week.ago ))
      .where(d['updated_by_id'].eq(user_id))
      .where(d['project_id'].eq(project_id))
      .order(d['updated_at'].desc)

    z = j.as('recent_i')

    k = Arel::Nodes::InnerJoin.new(z, Arel::Nodes::On.new(
      z['image_id'].eq(i['id']).and(z['depiction_object_type'].eq(used_on))
    ))

    joins(k).distinct.pluck(:id)
  end

    # @params target [String] required, one of nil, `AssertedDistribution`, `Content`, `BiologicalAssociation`, 'TaxonDetermination'
    # @return [Hash] images optimized for user selection
  def self.select_optimized(user_id, project_id, target = nil)
    r = used_recently(user_id, project_id, target)
    h = {
      quick: [],
      pinboard: Image.pinned_by(user_id).where(project_id:).to_a,
      recent: []
    }

    if target && !r.empty?
      h[:recent] = (
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(5) ).to_a +
        Image.where(project_id:, created_by_id: user_id, created_at: 3.hours.ago..Time.now)
        .order('updated_at DESC')
        .limit(3).to_a
      ).uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}

      h[:quick] = (
        Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(project_id:).to_a +
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(4) ).to_a)
        .uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}
    else
      h[:recent] = Image.where(project_id:).order('updated_at DESC').limit(10).to_a
      h[:quick] = Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(pinboard_items: {project_id:}).order('updated_at DESC')
    end

    h
  end

    protected

    # @return [Integer, Nil]
  def extract_tw_attributes
    # NOTE: assumes content type is an image.
    tempfile = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]
    if tempfile.nil?
      self.width = 0
      self.height = 0
      self.user_file_name = nil
    else
      self.user_file_name = tempfile.original_filename
      geometry = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(tempfile)
      self.width = geometry.width.to_i
      self.height = geometry.height.to_i
    end
  end

    # Check md5 fingerprint against existing fingerprints
    # @return [Object]
  def sv_duplicate_image?
    if has_duplicate?
      soft_validations.add(
        :image_file_fingerprint,
        'This image is a duplicate of an image already stored.')
    end
  end

    private

    # Converts image to blob and releases memory of img (image cannot be used afterwards)
    # @param [Magick::Image] img
    # @return [String] a JPG representation of the image
    #   !! Always converts to .jpg, this may need abstraction later
    #   Returns an empty string if no image
  def self.to_blob!(img)
    return '' if img.nil?
    img.format = 'jpg'
    blob = img.to_blob
    img.destroy!
    blob
  end

  def image_dimensions_too_short
    return unless original = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]

    dimensions = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(original)

    errors.add(:image_file, 'width must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.width < 16
    errors.add(:image_file, 'height must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.height < 16
  rescue
    errors.add(:image_file, 'unable to extract image dimensions')
  end

end

#pixels_to_centimeterFloat?

Returns used to generate scale bars on the fly.

Returns:

  • (Float, nil)

    used to generate scale bars on the fly



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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 49

class Image < ApplicationRecord
  include Housekeeping
  include Shared::Identifiers
  include Shared::Notes
  include Shared::Tags
  include Shared::ProtocolRelationships
  include Shared::Citations
  include Shared::Attributions
  include Shared::IsData
  include SoftValidation

  include Image::Sled

  attr_accessor :rotate

  MISSING_IMAGE_PATH = '/public/images/missing.jpg'.freeze

  GRAPH_ENTRY_POINTS = [:depictions]

  DEFAULT_SIZES = {
    thumb: { width: 100, height: 100 },
    medium: { width: 300, height: 300 }
  }.freeze

  has_one :sled_image, dependent: :destroy

  has_many :depictions, inverse_of: :image, dependent: :restrict_with_error

  has_many :collection_objects, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'CollectionObject'
  has_many :otus, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'Otu'
  has_many :taxon_names, through: :otus

  before_save :extract_tw_attributes

  # also using https://github.com/teeparham/paperclip-meta
  has_attached_file :image_file,
    styles: {
      thumb: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:height]}>", :png ] ,
      medium: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:height]}>", :jpg ] },
    default_url: MISSING_IMAGE_PATH,
    filename_cleaner: Utilities::CleanseFilename,
    processors: [:rotator]

    #:restricted_characters => /[^A-Za-z0-9\.]/,
  validates_attachment_content_type :image_file, content_type: /\Aimage\/.*\Z/
  validates_attachment_presence :image_file
  validate :image_dimensions_too_short

  soft_validate(:sv_duplicate_image?)

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :sled_image, allow_destroy: true

  def sqed_depiction
    depictions.joins(:sqed_depiction).first&.sqed_depiction
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  def has_duplicate?
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).count > 1
  end

    # @return [Array]
  def duplicate_images
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).not_self(self).to_a
  end

    # @return [Hash]
    # returns a hash of EXIF data if present, empty hash if not.do
    # EXIF data tags/specifications -  http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF
  def exif
    ret_val = {} # return value

    unless self.new_record? # only process if record exists
      tmp     = `identify -format "%[EXIF:*]" #{self.image_file.url}` # returns a string (exif:tag=value\n)
      # following removes the exif, spits and recombines string as a hash
      ret_val = tmp.split("\n").collect { |b| b.gsub('exif:', '').split('=') }
        .inject({}) { |hsh, c| hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1]) }
      # might be able to tmp.split("\n").collect { |b|
      # b.gsub("exif:", "").split("=")
      # }.inject(ret_val) { |hsh, c|
      #   hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1])
      # }
    end

    ret_val # return
  end

  # TODO: move to /lib
  # @return [Nil]
  #  currently handling this client side
  def gps_data
    # if there is EXIF data, pulls out geographic coordinates & returns hash of lat/long in decimal degrees
    # (5 digits after decimal point if available)
    # EXIF gps information is in http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF section 4.6.6
    # note that cameras follow specifications, but EXIF data can be edited manually and may not follow specifications.

    # check if gps data is in d m s (could be edited manually)
    #   => format dd/1,mm/1,ss/1 or dd/1,mmmm/100,0/1 or 40/1, 5/1, 314437/10000
    # N = +
    # S = -
    # E = +
    # W = -
    # Altitude should be based on reference of sea level
    # GPSAltitudeRef is 0 for above sea level, and 1 for below sea level

    # From discussion with Jim -
    # create a utility library called "GeoConvert" and define single method
    # that will convert from degrees min sec to decimal degree
    # - maybe 2 versions? - one returns string, other decimal?
  end

    # Returns the true, unscaled height/width ratio
    # @return [Float]
  def hw_ratio
    raise if height.nil? || width.nil? # if they are something has gone badly wrong
    return (height.to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys
    # used in ImageHelper#image_thumb_tag
    # asthetic scaling of very narrow images in thumbnails
    # @return [Hash]
  def thumb_scaler
    a = self.hw_ratio
    if a < 0.6
      { 'width' => 200, 'height' => 200 * a}
    else
      {}
    end
  end
    # rubocop:enable Style/StringHashKeys

    # the scale factor is typically the same except in a few cases where we skew small thumbs
    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    (width_for_size(size).to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    height_for_size(size).to_f / height.to_f
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 200.0 : ((width.to_f / height.to_f ) * 160.0)
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? 640.0 : 640.0 / a
    when :big
      a < 1 ? 1600.0 : 1600.0 / a
    when :original
      width
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 213.0 * height.to_f / width.to_f : 160
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? a * 640 : 640
    when :big
      a < 1 ? a * 1600 : 1600
    when :original
      height
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    #  def filename(layout_section_type)
    #    'tmp/' + tempfile(layout_section_type).path.split('/').last
    #  end

    #  def tempfile(layout_section_type)
    #    tempfile = Tempfile.new([layout_section_type.to_s, '.jpg'], "#{Rails.root.to_s}/public/images/tmp", encoding: 'ASCII-8BIT' )
    #    tempfile.write(zoomed_image(layout_section_type).to_blob)
    #    tempfile
    #  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.cropped(params)
    image = Image.find(params[:id])
    img = Magick::Image.read(image.image_file.path(:original)).first
    begin
      # img.crop(x, y, width, height, true)
      cropped = img.crop( params[:x].to_i, params[:y].to_i, params[:width].to_i, params[:height].to_i, true)
    rescue RuntimeError
      cropped = img.crop(0,0, 1, 1)  # return a single pixel on error ! TODO: make/return an error image
    ensure
      img.destroy!
    end
    cropped
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.resized(params)
    c = cropped(params)
    resized = c.resize(params[:new_width].to_i, params[:new_height].to_i) #.sharpen(0x1)
    c.destroy!
    resized
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image, nil]
  def self.scaled_to_box(params)
    begin
      c = cropped(params)
      ratio = c.columns.to_f / c.rows.to_f
      box_ratio = params[:box_width].to_f / params[:box_height].to_f
      # TODO: special considerations for 1:1?

      if box_ratio > 1
        if ratio > 1 # wide into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio).to_i,
            params[:box_height].to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      else # <
        if ratio > 1 # wide into tall
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into tall # TODO: or 1:1?!
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio ).to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f ).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      end
      c.destroy!
    rescue Magick::ImageMagickError
      nil
    end
    scaled
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.scaled_to_box_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(scaled_to_box(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.resized_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(resized(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.cropped_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(cropped(params))
  end

    # @param used_on [String] required, a depictable base class name like  `Otu`, `Content`, or `CollectionObject`
    # @return [Scope]
    #   the max 10 most recently used images, as `used_on`
  def self.used_recently(user_id, project_id, used_on = '')
    i = arel_table
    d = Depiction.arel_table

    # i is a select manager
    j = d.project(d['image_id'], d['updated_at'], d['depiction_object_type']).from(d)
      .where(d['updated_at'].gt( 1.week.ago ))
      .where(d['updated_by_id'].eq(user_id))
      .where(d['project_id'].eq(project_id))
      .order(d['updated_at'].desc)

    z = j.as('recent_i')

    k = Arel::Nodes::InnerJoin.new(z, Arel::Nodes::On.new(
      z['image_id'].eq(i['id']).and(z['depiction_object_type'].eq(used_on))
    ))

    joins(k).distinct.pluck(:id)
  end

    # @params target [String] required, one of nil, `AssertedDistribution`, `Content`, `BiologicalAssociation`, 'TaxonDetermination'
    # @return [Hash] images optimized for user selection
  def self.select_optimized(user_id, project_id, target = nil)
    r = used_recently(user_id, project_id, target)
    h = {
      quick: [],
      pinboard: Image.pinned_by(user_id).where(project_id:).to_a,
      recent: []
    }

    if target && !r.empty?
      h[:recent] = (
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(5) ).to_a +
        Image.where(project_id:, created_by_id: user_id, created_at: 3.hours.ago..Time.now)
        .order('updated_at DESC')
        .limit(3).to_a
      ).uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}

      h[:quick] = (
        Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(project_id:).to_a +
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(4) ).to_a)
        .uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}
    else
      h[:recent] = Image.where(project_id:).order('updated_at DESC').limit(10).to_a
      h[:quick] = Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(pinboard_items: {project_id:}).order('updated_at DESC')
    end

    h
  end

    protected

    # @return [Integer, Nil]
  def extract_tw_attributes
    # NOTE: assumes content type is an image.
    tempfile = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]
    if tempfile.nil?
      self.width = 0
      self.height = 0
      self.user_file_name = nil
    else
      self.user_file_name = tempfile.original_filename
      geometry = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(tempfile)
      self.width = geometry.width.to_i
      self.height = geometry.height.to_i
    end
  end

    # Check md5 fingerprint against existing fingerprints
    # @return [Object]
  def sv_duplicate_image?
    if has_duplicate?
      soft_validations.add(
        :image_file_fingerprint,
        'This image is a duplicate of an image already stored.')
    end
  end

    private

    # Converts image to blob and releases memory of img (image cannot be used afterwards)
    # @param [Magick::Image] img
    # @return [String] a JPG representation of the image
    #   !! Always converts to .jpg, this may need abstraction later
    #   Returns an empty string if no image
  def self.to_blob!(img)
    return '' if img.nil?
    img.format = 'jpg'
    blob = img.to_blob
    img.destroy!
    blob
  end

  def image_dimensions_too_short
    return unless original = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]

    dimensions = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(original)

    errors.add(:image_file, 'width must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.width < 16
    errors.add(:image_file, 'height must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.height < 16
  rescue
    errors.add(:image_file, 'unable to extract image dimensions')
  end

end

#rotateObject

Returns the value of attribute rotate.



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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 62

def rotate
  @rotate
end

#user_file_nameString

The name of the file as uploaded by the user.

Returns:

  • (String)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 49

class Image < ApplicationRecord
  include Housekeeping
  include Shared::Identifiers
  include Shared::Notes
  include Shared::Tags
  include Shared::ProtocolRelationships
  include Shared::Citations
  include Shared::Attributions
  include Shared::IsData
  include SoftValidation

  include Image::Sled

  attr_accessor :rotate

  MISSING_IMAGE_PATH = '/public/images/missing.jpg'.freeze

  GRAPH_ENTRY_POINTS = [:depictions]

  DEFAULT_SIZES = {
    thumb: { width: 100, height: 100 },
    medium: { width: 300, height: 300 }
  }.freeze

  has_one :sled_image, dependent: :destroy

  has_many :depictions, inverse_of: :image, dependent: :restrict_with_error

  has_many :collection_objects, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'CollectionObject'
  has_many :otus, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'Otu'
  has_many :taxon_names, through: :otus

  before_save :extract_tw_attributes

  # also using https://github.com/teeparham/paperclip-meta
  has_attached_file :image_file,
    styles: {
      thumb: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:height]}>", :png ] ,
      medium: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:height]}>", :jpg ] },
    default_url: MISSING_IMAGE_PATH,
    filename_cleaner: Utilities::CleanseFilename,
    processors: [:rotator]

    #:restricted_characters => /[^A-Za-z0-9\.]/,
  validates_attachment_content_type :image_file, content_type: /\Aimage\/.*\Z/
  validates_attachment_presence :image_file
  validate :image_dimensions_too_short

  soft_validate(:sv_duplicate_image?)

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :sled_image, allow_destroy: true

  def sqed_depiction
    depictions.joins(:sqed_depiction).first&.sqed_depiction
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  def has_duplicate?
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).count > 1
  end

    # @return [Array]
  def duplicate_images
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).not_self(self).to_a
  end

    # @return [Hash]
    # returns a hash of EXIF data if present, empty hash if not.do
    # EXIF data tags/specifications -  http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF
  def exif
    ret_val = {} # return value

    unless self.new_record? # only process if record exists
      tmp     = `identify -format "%[EXIF:*]" #{self.image_file.url}` # returns a string (exif:tag=value\n)
      # following removes the exif, spits and recombines string as a hash
      ret_val = tmp.split("\n").collect { |b| b.gsub('exif:', '').split('=') }
        .inject({}) { |hsh, c| hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1]) }
      # might be able to tmp.split("\n").collect { |b|
      # b.gsub("exif:", "").split("=")
      # }.inject(ret_val) { |hsh, c|
      #   hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1])
      # }
    end

    ret_val # return
  end

  # TODO: move to /lib
  # @return [Nil]
  #  currently handling this client side
  def gps_data
    # if there is EXIF data, pulls out geographic coordinates & returns hash of lat/long in decimal degrees
    # (5 digits after decimal point if available)
    # EXIF gps information is in http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF section 4.6.6
    # note that cameras follow specifications, but EXIF data can be edited manually and may not follow specifications.

    # check if gps data is in d m s (could be edited manually)
    #   => format dd/1,mm/1,ss/1 or dd/1,mmmm/100,0/1 or 40/1, 5/1, 314437/10000
    # N = +
    # S = -
    # E = +
    # W = -
    # Altitude should be based on reference of sea level
    # GPSAltitudeRef is 0 for above sea level, and 1 for below sea level

    # From discussion with Jim -
    # create a utility library called "GeoConvert" and define single method
    # that will convert from degrees min sec to decimal degree
    # - maybe 2 versions? - one returns string, other decimal?
  end

    # Returns the true, unscaled height/width ratio
    # @return [Float]
  def hw_ratio
    raise if height.nil? || width.nil? # if they are something has gone badly wrong
    return (height.to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys
    # used in ImageHelper#image_thumb_tag
    # asthetic scaling of very narrow images in thumbnails
    # @return [Hash]
  def thumb_scaler
    a = self.hw_ratio
    if a < 0.6
      { 'width' => 200, 'height' => 200 * a}
    else
      {}
    end
  end
    # rubocop:enable Style/StringHashKeys

    # the scale factor is typically the same except in a few cases where we skew small thumbs
    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    (width_for_size(size).to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    height_for_size(size).to_f / height.to_f
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 200.0 : ((width.to_f / height.to_f ) * 160.0)
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? 640.0 : 640.0 / a
    when :big
      a < 1 ? 1600.0 : 1600.0 / a
    when :original
      width
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 213.0 * height.to_f / width.to_f : 160
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? a * 640 : 640
    when :big
      a < 1 ? a * 1600 : 1600
    when :original
      height
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    #  def filename(layout_section_type)
    #    'tmp/' + tempfile(layout_section_type).path.split('/').last
    #  end

    #  def tempfile(layout_section_type)
    #    tempfile = Tempfile.new([layout_section_type.to_s, '.jpg'], "#{Rails.root.to_s}/public/images/tmp", encoding: 'ASCII-8BIT' )
    #    tempfile.write(zoomed_image(layout_section_type).to_blob)
    #    tempfile
    #  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.cropped(params)
    image = Image.find(params[:id])
    img = Magick::Image.read(image.image_file.path(:original)).first
    begin
      # img.crop(x, y, width, height, true)
      cropped = img.crop( params[:x].to_i, params[:y].to_i, params[:width].to_i, params[:height].to_i, true)
    rescue RuntimeError
      cropped = img.crop(0,0, 1, 1)  # return a single pixel on error ! TODO: make/return an error image
    ensure
      img.destroy!
    end
    cropped
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.resized(params)
    c = cropped(params)
    resized = c.resize(params[:new_width].to_i, params[:new_height].to_i) #.sharpen(0x1)
    c.destroy!
    resized
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image, nil]
  def self.scaled_to_box(params)
    begin
      c = cropped(params)
      ratio = c.columns.to_f / c.rows.to_f
      box_ratio = params[:box_width].to_f / params[:box_height].to_f
      # TODO: special considerations for 1:1?

      if box_ratio > 1
        if ratio > 1 # wide into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio).to_i,
            params[:box_height].to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      else # <
        if ratio > 1 # wide into tall
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into tall # TODO: or 1:1?!
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio ).to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f ).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      end
      c.destroy!
    rescue Magick::ImageMagickError
      nil
    end
    scaled
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.scaled_to_box_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(scaled_to_box(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.resized_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(resized(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.cropped_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(cropped(params))
  end

    # @param used_on [String] required, a depictable base class name like  `Otu`, `Content`, or `CollectionObject`
    # @return [Scope]
    #   the max 10 most recently used images, as `used_on`
  def self.used_recently(user_id, project_id, used_on = '')
    i = arel_table
    d = Depiction.arel_table

    # i is a select manager
    j = d.project(d['image_id'], d['updated_at'], d['depiction_object_type']).from(d)
      .where(d['updated_at'].gt( 1.week.ago ))
      .where(d['updated_by_id'].eq(user_id))
      .where(d['project_id'].eq(project_id))
      .order(d['updated_at'].desc)

    z = j.as('recent_i')

    k = Arel::Nodes::InnerJoin.new(z, Arel::Nodes::On.new(
      z['image_id'].eq(i['id']).and(z['depiction_object_type'].eq(used_on))
    ))

    joins(k).distinct.pluck(:id)
  end

    # @params target [String] required, one of nil, `AssertedDistribution`, `Content`, `BiologicalAssociation`, 'TaxonDetermination'
    # @return [Hash] images optimized for user selection
  def self.select_optimized(user_id, project_id, target = nil)
    r = used_recently(user_id, project_id, target)
    h = {
      quick: [],
      pinboard: Image.pinned_by(user_id).where(project_id:).to_a,
      recent: []
    }

    if target && !r.empty?
      h[:recent] = (
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(5) ).to_a +
        Image.where(project_id:, created_by_id: user_id, created_at: 3.hours.ago..Time.now)
        .order('updated_at DESC')
        .limit(3).to_a
      ).uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}

      h[:quick] = (
        Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(project_id:).to_a +
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(4) ).to_a)
        .uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}
    else
      h[:recent] = Image.where(project_id:).order('updated_at DESC').limit(10).to_a
      h[:quick] = Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(pinboard_items: {project_id:}).order('updated_at DESC')
    end

    h
  end

    protected

    # @return [Integer, Nil]
  def extract_tw_attributes
    # NOTE: assumes content type is an image.
    tempfile = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]
    if tempfile.nil?
      self.width = 0
      self.height = 0
      self.user_file_name = nil
    else
      self.user_file_name = tempfile.original_filename
      geometry = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(tempfile)
      self.width = geometry.width.to_i
      self.height = geometry.height.to_i
    end
  end

    # Check md5 fingerprint against existing fingerprints
    # @return [Object]
  def sv_duplicate_image?
    if has_duplicate?
      soft_validations.add(
        :image_file_fingerprint,
        'This image is a duplicate of an image already stored.')
    end
  end

    private

    # Converts image to blob and releases memory of img (image cannot be used afterwards)
    # @param [Magick::Image] img
    # @return [String] a JPG representation of the image
    #   !! Always converts to .jpg, this may need abstraction later
    #   Returns an empty string if no image
  def self.to_blob!(img)
    return '' if img.nil?
    img.format = 'jpg'
    blob = img.to_blob
    img.destroy!
    blob
  end

  def image_dimensions_too_short
    return unless original = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]

    dimensions = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(original)

    errors.add(:image_file, 'width must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.width < 16
    errors.add(:image_file, 'height must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.height < 16
  rescue
    errors.add(:image_file, 'unable to extract image dimensions')
  end

end

#widthInteger

Returns the width of the source image in px.

Returns:

  • (Integer)

    the width of the source image in px



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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 49

class Image < ApplicationRecord
  include Housekeeping
  include Shared::Identifiers
  include Shared::Notes
  include Shared::Tags
  include Shared::ProtocolRelationships
  include Shared::Citations
  include Shared::Attributions
  include Shared::IsData
  include SoftValidation

  include Image::Sled

  attr_accessor :rotate

  MISSING_IMAGE_PATH = '/public/images/missing.jpg'.freeze

  GRAPH_ENTRY_POINTS = [:depictions]

  DEFAULT_SIZES = {
    thumb: { width: 100, height: 100 },
    medium: { width: 300, height: 300 }
  }.freeze

  has_one :sled_image, dependent: :destroy

  has_many :depictions, inverse_of: :image, dependent: :restrict_with_error

  has_many :collection_objects, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'CollectionObject'
  has_many :otus, through: :depictions, source: :depiction_object, source_type: 'Otu'
  has_many :taxon_names, through: :otus

  before_save :extract_tw_attributes

  # also using https://github.com/teeparham/paperclip-meta
  has_attached_file :image_file,
    styles: {
      thumb: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:thumb][:height]}>", :png ] ,
      medium: [ "#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:width]}x#{DEFAULT_SIZES[:medium][:height]}>", :jpg ] },
    default_url: MISSING_IMAGE_PATH,
    filename_cleaner: Utilities::CleanseFilename,
    processors: [:rotator]

    #:restricted_characters => /[^A-Za-z0-9\.]/,
  validates_attachment_content_type :image_file, content_type: /\Aimage\/.*\Z/
  validates_attachment_presence :image_file
  validate :image_dimensions_too_short

  soft_validate(:sv_duplicate_image?)

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :sled_image, allow_destroy: true

  def sqed_depiction
    depictions.joins(:sqed_depiction).first&.sqed_depiction
  end

  # @return [Boolean]
  def has_duplicate?
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).count > 1
  end

    # @return [Array]
  def duplicate_images
    Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).not_self(self).to_a
  end

    # @return [Hash]
    # returns a hash of EXIF data if present, empty hash if not.do
    # EXIF data tags/specifications -  http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF
  def exif
    ret_val = {} # return value

    unless self.new_record? # only process if record exists
      tmp     = `identify -format "%[EXIF:*]" #{self.image_file.url}` # returns a string (exif:tag=value\n)
      # following removes the exif, spits and recombines string as a hash
      ret_val = tmp.split("\n").collect { |b| b.gsub('exif:', '').split('=') }
        .inject({}) { |hsh, c| hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1]) }
      # might be able to tmp.split("\n").collect { |b|
      # b.gsub("exif:", "").split("=")
      # }.inject(ret_val) { |hsh, c|
      #   hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1])
      # }
    end

    ret_val # return
  end

  # TODO: move to /lib
  # @return [Nil]
  #  currently handling this client side
  def gps_data
    # if there is EXIF data, pulls out geographic coordinates & returns hash of lat/long in decimal degrees
    # (5 digits after decimal point if available)
    # EXIF gps information is in http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF section 4.6.6
    # note that cameras follow specifications, but EXIF data can be edited manually and may not follow specifications.

    # check if gps data is in d m s (could be edited manually)
    #   => format dd/1,mm/1,ss/1 or dd/1,mmmm/100,0/1 or 40/1, 5/1, 314437/10000
    # N = +
    # S = -
    # E = +
    # W = -
    # Altitude should be based on reference of sea level
    # GPSAltitudeRef is 0 for above sea level, and 1 for below sea level

    # From discussion with Jim -
    # create a utility library called "GeoConvert" and define single method
    # that will convert from degrees min sec to decimal degree
    # - maybe 2 versions? - one returns string, other decimal?
  end

    # Returns the true, unscaled height/width ratio
    # @return [Float]
  def hw_ratio
    raise if height.nil? || width.nil? # if they are something has gone badly wrong
    return (height.to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys
    # used in ImageHelper#image_thumb_tag
    # asthetic scaling of very narrow images in thumbnails
    # @return [Hash]
  def thumb_scaler
    a = self.hw_ratio
    if a < 0.6
      { 'width' => 200, 'height' => 200 * a}
    else
      {}
    end
  end
    # rubocop:enable Style/StringHashKeys

    # the scale factor is typically the same except in a few cases where we skew small thumbs
    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    (width_for_size(size).to_f / width.to_f)
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
    height_for_size(size).to_f / height.to_f
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def width_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 200.0 : ((width.to_f / height.to_f ) * 160.0)
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? 640.0 : 640.0 / a
    when :big
      a < 1 ? 1600.0 : 1600.0 / a
    when :original
      width
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    # @param [Symbol] size
    # @return [Float]
  def height_for_size(size = :medium)
    a = self.hw_ratio
    case size
    when :thumb
      a < 0.6 ? 213.0 * height.to_f / width.to_f : 160
    when :medium
      a < 1 ? a * 640 : 640
    when :big
      a < 1 ? a * 1600 : 1600
    when :original
      height
    else
      nil
    end
  end

    #  def filename(layout_section_type)
    #    'tmp/' + tempfile(layout_section_type).path.split('/').last
    #  end

    #  def tempfile(layout_section_type)
    #    tempfile = Tempfile.new([layout_section_type.to_s, '.jpg'], "#{Rails.root.to_s}/public/images/tmp", encoding: 'ASCII-8BIT' )
    #    tempfile.write(zoomed_image(layout_section_type).to_blob)
    #    tempfile
    #  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.cropped(params)
    image = Image.find(params[:id])
    img = Magick::Image.read(image.image_file.path(:original)).first
    begin
      # img.crop(x, y, width, height, true)
      cropped = img.crop( params[:x].to_i, params[:y].to_i, params[:width].to_i, params[:height].to_i, true)
    rescue RuntimeError
      cropped = img.crop(0,0, 1, 1)  # return a single pixel on error ! TODO: make/return an error image
    ensure
      img.destroy!
    end
    cropped
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image]
  def self.resized(params)
    c = cropped(params)
    resized = c.resize(params[:new_width].to_i, params[:new_height].to_i) #.sharpen(0x1)
    c.destroy!
    resized
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [Magick::Image, nil]
  def self.scaled_to_box(params)
    begin
      c = cropped(params)
      ratio = c.columns.to_f / c.rows.to_f
      box_ratio = params[:box_width].to_f / params[:box_height].to_f
      # TODO: special considerations for 1:1?

      if box_ratio > 1
        if ratio > 1 # wide into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into wide
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio).to_i,
            params[:box_height].to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      else # <
        if ratio > 1 # wide into tall
          scaled = c.resize(
            params[:box_width].to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        else # tall into tall # TODO: or 1:1?!
          scaled = c.resize(
            (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio ).to_i,
            (params[:box_height].to_f ).to_i
          ) #.sharpen(0x1)
        end
      end
      c.destroy!
    rescue Magick::ImageMagickError
      nil
    end
    scaled
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.scaled_to_box_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(scaled_to_box(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.resized_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(resized(params))
  end

    # @param [ActionController::Parameters] params
    # @return [String]
  def self.cropped_blob(params)
    self.to_blob!(cropped(params))
  end

    # @param used_on [String] required, a depictable base class name like  `Otu`, `Content`, or `CollectionObject`
    # @return [Scope]
    #   the max 10 most recently used images, as `used_on`
  def self.used_recently(user_id, project_id, used_on = '')
    i = arel_table
    d = Depiction.arel_table

    # i is a select manager
    j = d.project(d['image_id'], d['updated_at'], d['depiction_object_type']).from(d)
      .where(d['updated_at'].gt( 1.week.ago ))
      .where(d['updated_by_id'].eq(user_id))
      .where(d['project_id'].eq(project_id))
      .order(d['updated_at'].desc)

    z = j.as('recent_i')

    k = Arel::Nodes::InnerJoin.new(z, Arel::Nodes::On.new(
      z['image_id'].eq(i['id']).and(z['depiction_object_type'].eq(used_on))
    ))

    joins(k).distinct.pluck(:id)
  end

    # @params target [String] required, one of nil, `AssertedDistribution`, `Content`, `BiologicalAssociation`, 'TaxonDetermination'
    # @return [Hash] images optimized for user selection
  def self.select_optimized(user_id, project_id, target = nil)
    r = used_recently(user_id, project_id, target)
    h = {
      quick: [],
      pinboard: Image.pinned_by(user_id).where(project_id:).to_a,
      recent: []
    }

    if target && !r.empty?
      h[:recent] = (
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(5) ).to_a +
        Image.where(project_id:, created_by_id: user_id, created_at: 3.hours.ago..Time.now)
        .order('updated_at DESC')
        .limit(3).to_a
      ).uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}

      h[:quick] = (
        Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(project_id:).to_a +
        Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(4) ).to_a)
        .uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}
    else
      h[:recent] = Image.where(project_id:).order('updated_at DESC').limit(10).to_a
      h[:quick] = Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(pinboard_items: {project_id:}).order('updated_at DESC')
    end

    h
  end

    protected

    # @return [Integer, Nil]
  def extract_tw_attributes
    # NOTE: assumes content type is an image.
    tempfile = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]
    if tempfile.nil?
      self.width = 0
      self.height = 0
      self.user_file_name = nil
    else
      self.user_file_name = tempfile.original_filename
      geometry = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(tempfile)
      self.width = geometry.width.to_i
      self.height = geometry.height.to_i
    end
  end

    # Check md5 fingerprint against existing fingerprints
    # @return [Object]
  def sv_duplicate_image?
    if has_duplicate?
      soft_validations.add(
        :image_file_fingerprint,
        'This image is a duplicate of an image already stored.')
    end
  end

    private

    # Converts image to blob and releases memory of img (image cannot be used afterwards)
    # @param [Magick::Image] img
    # @return [String] a JPG representation of the image
    #   !! Always converts to .jpg, this may need abstraction later
    #   Returns an empty string if no image
  def self.to_blob!(img)
    return '' if img.nil?
    img.format = 'jpg'
    blob = img.to_blob
    img.destroy!
    blob
  end

  def image_dimensions_too_short
    return unless original = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]

    dimensions = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(original)

    errors.add(:image_file, 'width must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.width < 16
    errors.add(:image_file, 'height must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.height < 16
  rescue
    errors.add(:image_file, 'unable to extract image dimensions')
  end

end

Class Method Details

.cropped(params) ⇒ Magick::Image

Parameters:

  • params (ActionController::Parameters)

Returns:

  • (Magick::Image)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 242

def self.cropped(params)
  image = Image.find(params[:id])
  img = Magick::Image.read(image.image_file.path(:original)).first
  begin
    # img.crop(x, y, width, height, true)
    cropped = img.crop( params[:x].to_i, params[:y].to_i, params[:width].to_i, params[:height].to_i, true)
  rescue RuntimeError
    cropped = img.crop(0,0, 1, 1)  # return a single pixel on error ! TODO: make/return an error image
  ensure
    img.destroy!
  end
  cropped
end

.cropped_blob(params) ⇒ String

Parameters:

  • params (ActionController::Parameters)

Returns:

  • (String)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 320

def self.cropped_blob(params)
  self.to_blob!(cropped(params))
end

.resized(params) ⇒ Magick::Image

Parameters:

  • params (ActionController::Parameters)

Returns:

  • (Magick::Image)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 258

def self.resized(params)
  c = cropped(params)
  resized = c.resize(params[:new_width].to_i, params[:new_height].to_i) #.sharpen(0x1)
  c.destroy!
  resized
end

.resized_blob(params) ⇒ String

Parameters:

  • params (ActionController::Parameters)

Returns:

  • (String)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 314

def self.resized_blob(params)
  self.to_blob!(resized(params))
end

.scaled_to_box(params) ⇒ Magick::Image?

Parameters:

  • params (ActionController::Parameters)

Returns:

  • (Magick::Image, nil)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 267

def self.scaled_to_box(params)
  begin
    c = cropped(params)
    ratio = c.columns.to_f / c.rows.to_f
    box_ratio = params[:box_width].to_f / params[:box_height].to_f
    # TODO: special considerations for 1:1?

    if box_ratio > 1
      if ratio > 1 # wide into wide
        scaled = c.resize(
          params[:box_width].to_i,
          (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
        ) #.sharpen(0x1)
      else # tall into wide
        scaled = c.resize(
          (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio).to_i,
          params[:box_height].to_i
        ) #.sharpen(0x1)
      end
    else # <
      if ratio > 1 # wide into tall
        scaled = c.resize(
          params[:box_width].to_i,
          (params[:box_height].to_f / ratio * box_ratio).to_i
        ) #.sharpen(0x1)
      else # tall into tall # TODO: or 1:1?!
        scaled = c.resize(
          (params[:box_width ].to_f * ratio / box_ratio ).to_i,
          (params[:box_height].to_f ).to_i
        ) #.sharpen(0x1)
      end
    end
    c.destroy!
  rescue Magick::ImageMagickError
    nil
  end
  scaled
end

.scaled_to_box_blob(params) ⇒ String

Parameters:

  • params (ActionController::Parameters)

Returns:

  • (String)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 308

def self.scaled_to_box_blob(params)
  self.to_blob!(scaled_to_box(params))
end

.select_optimized(user_id, project_id, target = nil) ⇒ Hash

Returns images optimized for user selection.

Returns:

  • (Hash)

    images optimized for user selection



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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 349

def self.select_optimized(user_id, project_id, target = nil)
  r = used_recently(user_id, project_id, target)
  h = {
    quick: [],
    pinboard: Image.pinned_by(user_id).where(project_id:).to_a,
    recent: []
  }

  if target && !r.empty?
    h[:recent] = (
      Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(5) ).to_a +
      Image.where(project_id:, created_by_id: user_id, created_at: 3.hours.ago..Time.now)
      .order('updated_at DESC')
      .limit(3).to_a
    ).uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}

    h[:quick] = (
      Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(project_id:).to_a +
      Image.where('"images"."id" IN (?)', r.first(4) ).to_a)
      .uniq.sort{|a,b| a.updated_at <=> b.updated_at}
  else
    h[:recent] = Image.where(project_id:).order('updated_at DESC').limit(10).to_a
    h[:quick] = Image.pinned_by(user_id).pinboard_inserted.where(pinboard_items: {project_id:}).order('updated_at DESC')
  end

  h
end

.to_blob!(img) ⇒ String (private)

Converts image to blob and releases memory of img (image cannot be used afterwards)

Parameters:

  • img (Magick::Image)

Returns:

  • (String)

    a JPG representation of the image !! Always converts to .jpg, this may need abstraction later Returns an empty string if no image



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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 412

def self.to_blob!(img)
  return '' if img.nil?
  img.format = 'jpg'
  blob = img.to_blob
  img.destroy!
  blob
end

.used_recently(user_id, project_id, used_on = '') ⇒ Scope

Returns the max 10 most recently used images, as ‘used_on`.

Parameters:

  • used_on (String) (defaults to: '')

    required, a depictable base class name like ‘Otu`, `Content`, or `CollectionObject`

Returns:

  • (Scope)

    the max 10 most recently used images, as ‘used_on`



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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 327

def self.used_recently(user_id, project_id, used_on = '')
  i = arel_table
  d = Depiction.arel_table

  # i is a select manager
  j = d.project(d['image_id'], d['updated_at'], d['depiction_object_type']).from(d)
    .where(d['updated_at'].gt( 1.week.ago ))
    .where(d['updated_by_id'].eq(user_id))
    .where(d['project_id'].eq(project_id))
    .order(d['updated_at'].desc)

  z = j.as('recent_i')

  k = Arel::Nodes::InnerJoin.new(z, Arel::Nodes::On.new(
    z['image_id'].eq(i['id']).and(z['depiction_object_type'].eq(used_on))
  ))

  joins(k).distinct.pluck(:id)
end

Instance Method Details

#duplicate_imagesArray

Returns:

  • (Array)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 111

def duplicate_images
  Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).not_self(self).to_a
end

#exifHash

returns a hash of EXIF data if present, empty hash if not.do EXIF data tags/specifications - web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF

Returns:

  • (Hash)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 118

def exif
  ret_val = {} # return value

  unless self.new_record? # only process if record exists
    tmp     = `identify -format "%[EXIF:*]" #{self.image_file.url}` # returns a string (exif:tag=value\n)
    # following removes the exif, spits and recombines string as a hash
    ret_val = tmp.split("\n").collect { |b| b.gsub('exif:', '').split('=') }
      .inject({}) { |hsh, c| hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1]) }
    # might be able to tmp.split("\n").collect { |b|
    # b.gsub("exif:", "").split("=")
    # }.inject(ret_val) { |hsh, c|
    #   hsh.merge(c[0] => c[1])
    # }
  end

  ret_val # return
end

#extract_tw_attributesInteger, Nil (protected)

Returns:

  • (Integer, Nil)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 380

def extract_tw_attributes
  # NOTE: assumes content type is an image.
  tempfile = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]
  if tempfile.nil?
    self.width = 0
    self.height = 0
    self.user_file_name = nil
  else
    self.user_file_name = tempfile.original_filename
    geometry = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(tempfile)
    self.width = geometry.width.to_i
    self.height = geometry.height.to_i
  end
end

#gps_dataNil

TODO: move to /lib

Returns:

  • (Nil)

    currently handling this client side



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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 139

def gps_data
  # if there is EXIF data, pulls out geographic coordinates & returns hash of lat/long in decimal degrees
  # (5 digits after decimal point if available)
  # EXIF gps information is in http://web.archive.org/web/20131018091152/http://exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF section 4.6.6
  # note that cameras follow specifications, but EXIF data can be edited manually and may not follow specifications.

  # check if gps data is in d m s (could be edited manually)
  #   => format dd/1,mm/1,ss/1 or dd/1,mmmm/100,0/1 or 40/1, 5/1, 314437/10000
  # N = +
  # S = -
  # E = +
  # W = -
  # Altitude should be based on reference of sea level
  # GPSAltitudeRef is 0 for above sea level, and 1 for below sea level

  # From discussion with Jim -
  # create a utility library called "GeoConvert" and define single method
  # that will convert from degrees min sec to decimal degree
  # - maybe 2 versions? - one returns string, other decimal?
end

#has_duplicate?Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 106

def has_duplicate?
  Image.where(image_file_fingerprint: self.image_file_fingerprint).count > 1
end

#height_for_size(size = :medium) ⇒ Float

Parameters:

  • size (Symbol) (defaults to: :medium)

Returns:

  • (Float)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 214

def height_for_size(size = :medium)
  a = self.hw_ratio
  case size
  when :thumb
    a < 0.6 ? 213.0 * height.to_f / width.to_f : 160
  when :medium
    a < 1 ? a * 640 : 640
  when :big
    a < 1 ? a * 1600 : 1600
  when :original
    height
  else
    nil
  end
end

#height_scale_for_size(size = :medium) ⇒ Float

Parameters:

  • size (Symbol) (defaults to: :medium)

Returns:

  • (Float)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 190

def height_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
  height_for_size(size).to_f / height.to_f
end

#hw_ratioFloat

Returns the true, unscaled height/width ratio

Returns:

  • (Float)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 162

def hw_ratio
  raise if height.nil? || width.nil? # if they are something has gone badly wrong
  return (height.to_f / width.to_f)
end

#image_dimensions_too_shortObject (private)



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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 420

def image_dimensions_too_short
  return unless original = image_file.queued_for_write[:original]

  dimensions = Paperclip::Geometry.from_file(original)

  errors.add(:image_file, 'width must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.width < 16
  errors.add(:image_file, 'height must be at least 16 pixels') if dimensions.height < 16
rescue
  errors.add(:image_file, 'unable to extract image dimensions')
end

#sqed_depictionObject



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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 101

def sqed_depiction
  depictions.joins(:sqed_depiction).first&.sqed_depiction
end

#sv_duplicate_image?Object (protected)

Check md5 fingerprint against existing fingerprints

Returns:

  • (Object)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 397

def sv_duplicate_image?
  if has_duplicate?
    soft_validations.add(
      :image_file_fingerprint,
      'This image is a duplicate of an image already stored.')
  end
end

#thumb_scalerHash

rubocop:disable Style/StringHashKeys used in ImageHelper#image_thumb_tag asthetic scaling of very narrow images in thumbnails

Returns:

  • (Hash)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 171

def thumb_scaler
  a = self.hw_ratio
  if a < 0.6
    { 'width' => 200, 'height' => 200 * a}
  else
    {}
  end
end

#width_for_size(size = :medium) ⇒ Float

Parameters:

  • size (Symbol) (defaults to: :medium)

Returns:

  • (Float)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 196

def width_for_size(size = :medium)
  a = self.hw_ratio
  case size
  when :thumb
    a < 0.6 ? 200.0 : ((width.to_f / height.to_f ) * 160.0)
  when :medium
    a < 1 ? 640.0 : 640.0 / a
  when :big
    a < 1 ? 1600.0 : 1600.0 / a
  when :original
    width
  else
    nil
  end
end

#width_scale_for_size(size = :medium) ⇒ Float

the scale factor is typically the same except in a few cases where we skew small thumbs

Parameters:

  • size (Symbol) (defaults to: :medium)

Returns:

  • (Float)


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# File 'app/models/image.rb', line 184

def width_scale_for_size(size = :medium)
  (width_for_size(size).to_f / width.to_f)
end