Class: ZPNG::Image

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Includes:
BMP::Reader, DeepCopyable
Defined in:
lib/zpng/image.rb

Constant Summary collapse

PNG_HDR = 
"\x89PNG\x0d\x0a\x1a\x0a".force_encoding('binary')
BMP_HDR = 
"BM".force_encoding('binary')

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Class Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Methods included from BMP::Reader

#_read_bmp

Methods included from DeepCopyable

#deep_copy

Constructor Details

#initialize(x, h = {}) ⇒ Image

possible input params:

IO      of opened image file
String  with image file already readed
Hash    of image parameters to create new blank image



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 23

def initialize x, h={}
  @chunks = []
  @extradata = []
  @color_class = Color
  @format = :png
  @verbose =
    case h[:verbose]
    when true;  1
    when false; 0
    else h[:verbose].to_i
    end

  case x
    when IO
      _from_io x
    when String
      _from_io StringIO.new(x)
    when Hash
      _from_hash x
    else
      raise NotSupported, "unsupported input data type #{x.class}"
  end
  if palette && hdr && hdr.depth
    palette.max_colors = 2**hdr.depth
  end
end

Instance Attribute Details

#chunks ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute chunks.



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 5

def chunks
  @chunks
end

#color_class ⇒ Object

now only for (limited) BMP support



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 8

def color_class
  @color_class
end

#extradata ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute extradata.



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 5

def extradata
  @extradata
end

#format ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute format.



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 5

def format
  @format
end

#imagedata ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute imagedata.



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 5

def imagedata
  @imagedata
end

#scanlines ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute scanlines.



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 5

def scanlines
  @scanlines
end

#verbose ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute verbose.



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 5

def verbose
  @verbose
end

Class Method Details

.load(fname, h = {}) ⇒ Object Also known as: load_file, from_file

load image from file



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 70

def load fname, h={}
  open(fname,"rb") do |f|
    self.new(f,h)
  end
end

Instance Method Details

#==(other_image) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 500

def == other_image
  return false unless other_image.is_a?(Image)
  return false if width  != other_image.width
  return false if height != other_image.height
  each_pixel do |c,x,y|
    return false if c != other_image[x,y]
  end
  true
end

#[](x, y) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 366

def [] x, y
  # extracting this check into a module => +1-2% speed
  x,y = adam7.convert_coords(x,y) if interlaced?
  scanlines[y][x]
end

#[]=(x, y, newcolor) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 372

def []= x, y, newcolor
  # extracting these checks into a module => +1-2% speed
  decode_all_scanlines
  x,y = adam7.convert_coords(x,y) if interlaced?
  scanlines[y][x] = newcolor
end

#_alpha_color(color) ⇒ Object

internal helper method for color types 0 (grayscale) and 2 (truecolor)



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 179

def _alpha_color color
  return nil unless trns

  # For color type 0 (grayscale), the tRNS chunk contains a single gray level value, stored in the format:
  #
  #   Gray:  2 bytes, range 0 .. (2^bitdepth)-1
  #
  # For color type 2 (truecolor), the tRNS chunk contains a single RGB color value, stored in the format:
  #
  #   Red:   2 bytes, range 0 .. (2^bitdepth)-1
  #   Green: 2 bytes, range 0 .. (2^bitdepth)-1
  #   Blue:  2 bytes, range 0 .. (2^bitdepth)-1
  #
  # (If the image bit depth is less than 16, the least significant bits are used and the others are 0)
  # Pixels of the specified gray level are to be treated as transparent (equivalent to alpha value 0);
  # all other pixels are to be treated as fully opaque ( alpha = (2^bitdepth)-1 )

  @alpha_color ||=
    case hdr.color
    when COLOR_GRAYSCALE
      v = trns.data.unpack('n')[0] & (2**hdr.depth-1)
      Color.from_grayscale(v, :depth => hdr.depth)
    when COLOR_RGB
      a = trns.data.unpack('n3').map{ |v| v & (2**hdr.depth-1) }
      Color.new(*a, :depth => hdr.depth)
    else
      raise Exception, "color2alpha only intended for GRAYSCALE & RGB color modes"
    end

  color == @alpha_color ? 0 : (2**hdr.depth-1)
end

#adam7 ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 64

def adam7
  @adam7 ||= Adam7Decoder.new(self)
end

#alpha_used? ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 255

def alpha_used?
  ihdr && @ihdr.alpha_used?
end

#bpp ⇒ Object

image attributes



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 235

def bpp
  ihdr && @ihdr.bpp
end

#crop(params) ⇒ Object

returns new image



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 490

def crop params
  decode_all_scanlines
  # deep copy first, then crop!
  deep_copy.crop!(params)
end

#crop!(params) ⇒ Object

modifies this image

Raises:



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 462

def crop! params
  decode_all_scanlines

  x,y,h,w = (params[:x]||0), (params[:y]||0), params[:height], params[:width]
  raise ArgumentError, "negative params not allowed" if [x,y,h,w].any?{ |x| x < 0 }

  # adjust crop sizes if they greater than image sizes
  h = self.height-y if (y+h) > self.height
  w = self.width-x if (x+w) > self.width
  raise ArgumentError, "negative params not allowed (p2)" if [x,y,h,w].any?{ |x| x < 0 }

  # delete excess scanlines at tail
  scanlines[(y+h)..-1] = [] if (y+h) < scanlines.size

  # delete excess scanlines at head
  scanlines[0,y] = [] if y > 0

  # crop remaining scanlines
  scanlines.each{ |l| l.crop!(x,w) }

  # modify header
  hdr.height, hdr.width = h, w

  # return self
  self
end

#decode_all_scanlines ⇒ Object

we must decode all scanlines before doing any modifications or scanlines decoded AFTER modification of UPPER ones will be decoded wrong



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 381

def decode_all_scanlines
  return if @all_scanlines_decoded || new_image?
  @all_scanlines_decoded = true
  scanlines.each(&:decode!)
end

#deinterlace ⇒ Object

returns new deinterlaced image if deinterlaced OR returns self if no need to deinterlace



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 520

def deinterlace
  return self unless interlaced?

  # copy all but 'interlace' header params
  h = Hash[*%w'width height depth color compression filter'.map{ |k| [k.to_sym, hdr.send(k)] }.flatten]

  # don't auto-add palette chunk
  h[:palette] = nil

  # create new img
  new_img = self.class.new h

  # copy all but hdr/imagedata/end chunks
  chunks.each do |chunk|
    next if chunk.is_a?(Chunk::IHDR)
    next if chunk.is_a?(Chunk::IDAT)
    next if chunk.is_a?(Chunk::IEND)
    new_img.chunks << chunk.deep_copy
  end

  # pixel-by-pixel copy
  each_pixel do |c,x,y|
    new_img[x,y] = c
  end

  new_img
end

#each_block(bw, bh, &block) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 420

def each_block bw,bh, &block
  0.upto(height/bh-1) do |by|
    0.upto(width/bw-1) do |bx|
      b = extract_block(bx*bw, by*bh, bw, bh)
      yield b
    end
  end
end

#each_pixel(&block) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 510

def each_pixel &block
  height.times do |y|
    width.times do |x|
      yield(self[x,y], x, y)
    end
  end
end

#export(options = {}) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 429

def export options = {}
  # allow :zlib_level => nil
  options[:zlib_level] = 9 unless options.key?(:zlib_level)

  if options.fetch(:repack, true)
    data = Zlib::Deflate.deflate(scanlines.map(&:export).join, options[:zlib_level])

    idats = @chunks.find_all{ |c| c.is_a?(Chunk::IDAT) }
    case idats.size
    when 0
      # add new IDAT
      @chunks << Chunk::IDAT.new( :data => data )
    when 1
      idats[0].data = data
    else
      idats[0].data = data
      # delete other IDAT chunks
      @chunks -= idats[1..-1]
    end
  end

  unless @chunks.last.is_a?(Chunk::IEND)
    # delete old IEND chunk(s) b/c IEND must be the last one
    @chunks.delete_if{ |c| c.is_a?(Chunk::IEND) }

    # add fresh new IEND
    @chunks << Chunk::IEND.new
  end

  PNG_HDR + @chunks.map(&:export).join
end

#extract_block(x, y = nil, w = nil, h = nil) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 412

def extract_block x,y=nil,w=nil,h=nil
  if x.is_a?(Hash)
    Block.new(self,x[:x], x[:y], x[:width], x[:height])
  else
    Block.new(self,x,y,w,h)
  end
end

#grayscale? ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 247

def grayscale?
  ihdr && @ihdr.grayscale?
end

#height ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 243

def height
  ihdr && @ihdr.height
end

#ihdr ⇒ Object Also known as: header, hdr

chunks access



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 216

def ihdr
  @ihdr ||= @chunks.find{ |c| c.is_a?(Chunk::IHDR) }
end

#imagedata_size ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 329

def imagedata_size
  if new_image?
    @scanlines.map(&:size).inject(&:+)
  else
    imagedata.size
  end
end

#inspect ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 50

def inspect
  "#<ZPNG::Image " +
  %w'width height bpp chunks scanlines'.map do |k|
    v = case (v = send(k))
      when Array
        "[#{v.size} entries]"
      when String
        v.size > 40 ? "[#{v.bytesize} bytes]" : v.inspect
      else v.inspect
    end
    "#{k}=#{v}"
  end.compact.join(", ") + ">"
end

#interlaced? ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 251

def interlaced?
  ihdr && @ihdr.interlace != 0
end

#metadata ⇒ Object

# try to get imagedata size in bytes, w/o storing entire decompressed

# stream in memory. used in bin/zpng
# result: less memory used on big images, but speed gain near 1-2% in best case,
#         and 2x slower in worst case because imagedata decoded 2 times
def imagedata_size
  if @imagedata
    # already decompressed
    @imagedata.size
  else
    zi = nil
    @imagedata_size ||=
      begin
        zi = Zlib::Inflate.new(Zlib::MAX_WBITS)
        io = StringIO.new(_imagedata)
        while !io.eof? && !zi.finished?
          n = zi.inflate(io.read(16384))
        end
        zi.finish unless zi.finished?
        zi.total_out
      ensure
        zi.close if zi && !zi.closed?
      end
  end
end



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 362

def metadata
  @metadata ||= Metadata.new(self)
end

#new_image? ⇒ Boolean Also known as: new?

flag that image is just created, and NOT loaded from file as in Rails’ ActiveRecord::Base#new_record?

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 86

def new_image?
  @new_image
end

#pixels ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 496

def pixels
  Pixels.new(self)
end

#plte ⇒ Object Also known as: palette 



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 227

def plte
  @plte ||= @chunks.find{ |c| c.is_a?(Chunk::PLTE) }
end

#save(fname, options = {}) ⇒ Object

save image to file



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 80

def save fname, options={}
  File.open(fname,"wb"){ |f| f << export(options) }
end

#to_ascii(*args) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 400

def to_ascii *args
  if scanlines.any?
    if interlaced?
      height.times.map{ |y| width.times.map{ |x| self[x,y].to_ascii(*args) }.join }.join("\n")
    else
      scanlines.map{ |l| l.to_ascii(*args) }.join("\n")
    end
  else
    super()
  end
end

#trns ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 222

def trns
  # not used "@trns ||= ..." here b/c it will call find() each time of there's no TRNS chunk
  defined?(@trns) ? @trns : (@trns=@chunks.find{ |c| c.is_a?(Chunk::TRNS) })
end

#width ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/zpng/image.rb', line 239

def width
  ihdr && @ihdr.width
end