Module: Wmap::Utils::UrlMagic

Extended by:
UrlMagic
Included in:
Wmap::Utils, UrlMagic
Defined in:
lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb

Constant Summary collapse

Max_http_timeout =

set hard stop limit of http time-out to 8 seconds, in order to avoid severe performance penalty for certain ‘weird’ site(s)

8000

Instance Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Details

#create_absolute_url_from_base(potential_base, relative_url) ⇒ Object

Create / construct the absolute URL from a known URL and relative file path. For example, ‘images.search.yahoo.com/images’ + ‘/search/images?p=raiders’ => ‘images.search.yahoo.com/search/images?p=raiders’



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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 250

def create_absolute_url_from_base(potential_base, relative_url)
    begin
      #puts "Determine the absolute URL from potential base #{potential_base} and relative URL #{relative_url}" if @verbose
      naked_base = url_2_site(potential_base).strip.chop
      puts "Found absolute URL: #{naked_base+relative_url}" if @verbose
      return naked_base + relative_url
    rescue => ee
      puts "Exception on method #{__method__}: #{ee}" if @verbose
        return nil
    end
end

#create_absolute_url_from_context(potential_base, relative_url) ⇒ Object

Construct the absolute URL by comparing a known URL and the relative file path



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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 263

def create_absolute_url_from_context(potential_base, relative_url)
    puts "Determine the absolute URL from context:\n Known base: #{potential_base}, Relative path: #{relative_url}" if @verbose
    begin
      absolute_url = nil
      # make relative URL naked by removing the beginning '/'
      relative_url.sub!(/^\//,'')
      if potential_base =~ /\/$/
absolute_url = potential_base+relative_url.strip
      else
last_index_of_slash = potential_base.rindex('/')
if potential_base[last_index_of_slash-2, 2] == ':/'
  absolute_url = potential_base+relative_url
else
  last_index_of_dot = potential_base.rindex('.')
  if last_index_of_dot < last_index_of_slash
    absolute_url = potential_base.strip.chop+relative_url
  else
    absolute_url = potential_base[0, last_index_of_slash+1] + relative_url
  end
end
      end
      puts "Found absolute URL: #{absolute_url}" if @verbose
      return absolute_url
    rescue => ee
      puts "Exception on method #{__method__}: #{ee}" if @verbose
        return nil
    end
end

#host_2_url(host, port = 80) ⇒ Object

Input is host and open port, output is a URL for valid http response code or nil



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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 201

def host_2_url (host,port=80)
  puts "Perform simple http(s) service detection on host #{host}, port #{port}" if @verbose
  begin
    host=host.strip
    if port.to_i == 80
      url_1 = "http://" + host + "/"
    elsif port.to_i ==443
      url_1 = "https://" + host + "/"
    else
      url_1 = "http://" + host + ":" + port.to_s + "/"
      url_2 = "https://" + host + ":" + port.to_s + "/"
    end
    puts "Please ensure your internet connection is active before running this method: #{__method__}" if @verbose
    checker=Wmap::UrlChecker.new
    if checker.response_code(url_1) != 10000
      puts "Found URL: #{url_1}" if @verbose
      return url_1
    elsif checker.response_code(url_2) != 10000
      puts "Found URL: #{url_2}" if @verbose
      return url_2
    else
      puts "No http(s) service found on: #{host}:#{port}" if @verbose
      return nil
    end
  rescue => ee
    puts "Exception on method #{__method__}: #{ee}" if @verbose
    return nil
  end
end

#is_site?(url) ⇒ Boolean

Simple sanity check on a ‘claimed’ web site base string.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 59

def is_site?(url)
  puts "Validate the website string format for: #{url}" if @verbose
  begin
    url=url.strip.downcase
    if is_url?(url)
      if url == url_2_site(url)
        return true
      else
        return false
      end
    else
      puts "Unknown site format: #{url}" if @verbose
      return false
    end
  rescue => ee
    puts "Exception on method #{__method__}: #{ee}" if @verbose
    return nil
  end
end

#is_ssl?(url) ⇒ Boolean Also known as: is_https?

Simple sanity check on a ‘claimed’ SSL enabled URL string

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 42

def is_ssl?(url)
  puts "Validate if SSL is enabled on: #{url}" if @verbose
  begin
    url=url.strip
    if is_url?(url) && url =~ /https/i
      return true
    else
      return false
    end
  rescue => ee
    puts "Exception on method #{__method__}: #{ee}" if @verbose
    return false
  end
end

#is_url?(url) ⇒ Boolean

Simple sanity check on a ‘claimed’ URL string.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 20

def is_url?(url)
  puts "Validate the URL format is valid: #{url}" if @verbose
  begin
    if url =~ /(http|https)\:\/\/((.)+)/i
      host=$2.split('/')[0]
      host=host.split(':')[0]
      if is_ip?(host) or is_fqdn?(host)
        return true
      else
        return false
      end
    else
      puts "Unknown URL format: #{url}" if @verbose
      return false
    end
  rescue => ee
    puts "Exception on method #{__method__}: #{ee}" if @verbose
    return false
  end
end

#landing_location(depth = 5, url) ⇒ Object

Test the URL / Site and return the landing url location (recursive with the depth = 4 )



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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 431

def landing_location (depth=5, url)
  depth -= 1
  return url if depth < 1
  timeo = Max_http_timeout/1000.0
  uri = URI.parse(url)
  code = response_code (url)
  if code >= 300 && code < 400
    url = redirect_location (url)
    url = landing_location(depth,url)
  else
    return url
  end
  return url
rescue Exception => ee
  puts "Exception on method #{__method__} on URL #{url}: #{ee}" if @verbose
end

#make_absolute(base, relative_url) ⇒ Object

Convert a relative URL to an absolute one. For example, from URL base ‘games.yahoo.com/’ and file path ‘/game/the-magic-snowman-flash.html’ => ‘games.yahoo.com/game/the-magic-snowman-flash.html’



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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 232

def make_absolute(base, relative_url)
    puts "Determine and return the absolute URL:\n Base: #{base}, Relative: #{relative_url} " if @verbose
    begin
      absolute_url = nil;
      if relative_url =~ /^\//
absolute_url = create_absolute_url_from_base(base, relative_url)
      else
absolute_url = create_absolute_url_from_context(base, relative_url)
      end
      puts "Found absolute URL: #{absolute_url}" if @verbose
      return absolute_url
    rescue => ee
      puts "Exception on method #{__method__}: #{ee}" if @verbose
        return nil
    end
end

#normalize_url(url) ⇒ Object

Normalize the URL to a consistent manner in order to determine if a link has been visited or cached before See en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL_normalization for more explanation



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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 294

def normalize_url(url)
  begin
    url.strip!
    # Converting the scheme and host to lower case in the process, i.e. 'HTTP://www.Example.com/' => 'http://www.example.com/'
    # Normalize the base
    base=url_2_site(url)
    # Case#1, remove the trailing dot after the hostname, i.e, 'http://www.yahoo.com./' => 'http://www.yahoo.com/'
    base=base.sub(/\.\/$/,'/')
    # Normalize the relative path, case#1
    # retrieve the file path and remove the first '/' or '.',
    # i.e. 'http://www.example.com/mypath' or 'http://www.example.com/./mypath' => 'mypath'
    path=url_2_path(url).sub(/^(\/|\.)*/,'')
    # Normalize the relative path, case#2
    # Replace dot-segments. "/../" and "/./" with "/", i.e. 'http://www.example.com/../a/b/../c/./d.html" => 'http://www.example.com/a/c/d.html'
    path=path.gsub(/\/\.{1,2}\//,'/')
    if path.nil?
      return base
    else
      return base+path
    end
  rescue => ee
    puts "Exception on method #{__method__} for #{url}: #{ee}" if @verbose
    return url
  end
end

#open_page(url) ⇒ Object

Given an URL, open the page, then return the DOM text from a normal user perspective



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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 373

def open_page(url)
  args = {ssl_verify_mode: OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE, allow_redirections: :safe, read_timeout: Max_http_timeout/1000}
  doc = Nokogiri::HTML(open(url, args))
  if doc.text.include?("Please enable JavaScript to view the page content")
    puts "Invoke headless chrome through webdriver ..." if @verbose
    #Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome.path = "/usr/local/bin/chromedriver"
    #driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome
    # http://watir.com/guides/chrome/
    args = ['--ignore-certificate-errors', '--disable-popup-blocking', '--disable-translate', '--disk-cache-size 8192']
    browser = Watir::Browser.new :chrome, headless: true, options: {args: args}
    browser.goto(url)
    sleep(2) # wait for the loading
    doc = Nokogiri::HTML(browser.html)
    browser.close
  end
  puts doc.text if @verbose
  return doc
rescue => ee
  puts "Exception on method #{__method__} for #{url}: #{ee}"
  browser.close unless browser.nil?
  return doc.text
end

#redirect_location(url) ⇒ Object Also known as: location

Test the URL / site and return the redirection location (3xx response code only)



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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 397

def redirect_location (url)
  puts "Test the redirection location for the url: #{url}" if @verbose
  location=""
  raise "Invalid url: #{url}" unless is_url?(url)
  url=url.strip.downcase
  timeo = Max_http_timeout/1000.0
  uri = URI.parse(url)
  code = response_code (url)
  if code >= 300 && code < 400
    http = Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port)
    http.open_timeout = timeo
    http.read_timeout = timeo
    if (url =~ /https\:/i)
      http.use_ssl = true
      # Bypass the remote web server cert validation test
      http.verify_mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE
      http.ssl_version = @ssl_version
    end
    request = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri.request_uri)
    response = http.request(request)
    puts "Response: #{response}" if @verbose
    case response
    when Net::HTTPRedirection then
      location = response['location']
    end
  end
  return location
rescue Exception => ee
  puts "Exception on method redirect_location for URL #{url}: #{ee}" if @verbose
  return ""
end

#response_code(url) ⇒ Object

Test the URL and return the response code



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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 322

def response_code (url)
  puts "Check the http response code on the url: #{url}" if @verbose
  code = 10000 # All unknown url connection exceptions go here
  raise "Invalid url: #{url}" unless is_url?(url)
  url=url.strip.downcase
  timeo = Max_http_timeout/1000.0
  uri = URI.parse(url)
  http = Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port)
  http.open_timeout = timeo
  http.read_timeout = timeo
  if (url =~ /https\:/i)
    http.use_ssl = true
    #http.ssl_version = :SSLv3
    # Bypass the remote web server cert validation test
    http.verify_mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE
  end
  request = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri.request_uri)
  response = http.request(request)
  puts "Server response the following: #{response}" if @verbose
  code = response.code.to_i
  #response.finish if response.started?()
  @url_code=Hash.new unless @url_code
   @url_code[url]=code
  puts "Response code on #{url}: #{code}" if @verbose
  return code
rescue Exception => ee
  puts "Exception on method #{__method__} for #{url}: #{ee}" if @verbose
  case ee
  # rescue "Connection reset by peer" error type
  when Errno::ECONNRESET
    code=104
  when Errno::ECONNABORTED,Errno::ETIMEDOUT
    #code=10000
  when Timeout::Error        # Quick fix
    if (url =~ /https\:/i)    # try again for ssl timeout session, in case of default :TLSv1 failure
      http.ssl_version = :SSLv3
      response = http.request(request)
      code = response.code.to_i
      unless code.nil?
        @ssl_version = http.ssl_version
      end
    end
  else
    #code=10000
  end
   @url_code=Hash.new unless @url_code
  @url_code[url]=code
  return code
end

#url_2_host(url) ⇒ Object

Extract the web server host’s Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) from the url. For example: “login.yahoo.com/email/help” -> “login.yahoo.com”



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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 80

def url_2_host (url)
  begin
    url = url.strip.downcase.gsub(/(http:\/\/|https:\/\/)/, "")
    record1 = url.split('/')
    if record1[0].nil?
      puts "Error process url: #{url}"
      return nil
    else
      record2 = record1[0].split(':')
      return record2[0]
    end
  rescue => ee
    puts "Exception on method #{__method__}: #{ee}" if @verbose
    return nil
  end
end

#url_2_path(url) ⇒ Object

Wrapper to return relative path component of the URL. i.e. www.yahoo.com/login.html => /login.html



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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 175

def url_2_path(url)
  #puts "Retrieve the relative path component of the url: #{url}" if @verbose
  begin
    url.strip!
    base = url_2_site(url).chop
    path=url.sub(base,'')
    #puts "Path component found: #{path}" if @verbose
    return path
  rescue => ee
    puts "Exception on method #{__method__} for #{url}: #{ee}" if @verbose
  end

end

#url_2_port(url) ⇒ Object

Extract web service port from the url. For example: “login.yahoo.com/email/help” -> 443



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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 98

def url_2_port (url)
  puts "Retrieve service port on URL: #{url}" if @verbose
  begin
    ssl = (url =~ /https/i)
    url = url.downcase.gsub(/(http:\/\/|https:\/\/)/, "")
    record1 = url.split('/')
    record2 = record1[0].split(':')
    if (record2.length == 2)
      puts "The service port: #{record2[1]}" if @verbose
      return record2[1].to_i
    elsif ssl
      puts "The service port: 443" if @verbose
      return 443
    else
      puts "The service port: 80" if @verbose
      return 80
    end
  rescue => ee
    puts "Exception on method #{__method__}: #{ee}" if @verbose
    return nil
  end
end

#url_2_site(url) ⇒ Object

Extract site in (host:port) format from a url: “login.yahoo.com:8443/email/help” -> “login.yahoo.com:8443/”



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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 122

def url_2_site (url)
  puts "Retrieve the web site base for url: #{url}" if @verbose
  begin
    url = url.downcase
    url = url.sub(/^(.*?)http/i,'http')
    entry = url.split(%r{\/\/})
    prot=entry[0]
    # step 1, extract the host:port pair from the url
    host_port=entry[1].split(%r{\/})[0]
    if host_port =~ /\:/
      host=host_port.split(%r{\:})[0]
      port=host_port.split(%r{\:})[1].to_i
    elsif prot =~ /https/i
      host=host_port
      port=443
    elsif prot =~ /http/i
      host=host_port
      port=80
    else
      host=host_port
      #raise "Unknown url format: #{url}"
    end
    # additional logic to handle uncommon url base structures
    unless is_fqdn?(host)
      case host
        # "https://letmechoose.barclays.co.uk?source=btorganic/" => "https://letmechoose.barclays.co.uk"
        when /\?|\#/
          host=host.split(%r{\?|\#})[0]
        else
          #do nothing
      end
    end
    # step 2, put the host:port pair back to the normal site format
    prot="https:" if port==443
    if port==80 || port==443
      site=prot+"//"+host+"/"
    else
      site=prot+"//"+host+":"+port.to_s+"/"
    end
    if site=~ /http/i
      #puts "Base found: #{site}" if @verbose
      return site
    else
      raise "Problem encountered on method url_2_site: Unable to convert #{url}"
      return nil
    end
  rescue => ee
    puts "Exception on method #{__method__}: #{ee}" if @verbose
    return nil
  end
end

#urls_on_same_domain?(url1, url2) ⇒ Boolean

Test if the two URLs are both under the same domain: login.yahoo.com, mail.yahoo.com => true

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/wmap/utils/url_magic.rb', line 190

def urls_on_same_domain?(url1, url2)
puts "Determine if two URLs under the same domain: #{url1}, #{url2}" if @verbose
host1=url_2_host(url1)
host2=url_2_host(url2)
return get_domain_root(host1) == get_domain_root(host2)
rescue => ee
puts "Error searching the object content: #{ee}" if @verbose
  return nil
end