Class: Watir::Element

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Extended by:
AttributeHelper
Includes:
Container, EventuallyPresent, Exception
Defined in:
lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb,
lib/watir-webdriver/extensions/select_text.rb

Overview

Base class for HTML elements.

Direct Known Subclasses

HTMLElement

Constant Summary

Constants included from AttributeHelper

AttributeHelper::IGNORED_ATTRIBUTES

Constants included from Atoms

Atoms::ATOMS

Instance Method Summary collapse

Methods included from AttributeHelper

attribute_list, attributes, typed_attributes

Methods included from EventuallyPresent

#wait_until_present, #wait_while_present, #when_present

Methods included from Container

#a, #abbr, #abbrs, #address, #addresses, #area, #areas, #article, #articles, #as, #aside, #asides, #audio, #audios, #b, #base, #bases, #bdi, #bdis, #bdo, #bdos, #blockquote, #blockquotes, #body, #bodys, #br, #brs, #bs, #button, #buttons, #canvas, #canvases, #caption, #captions, #checkbox, #checkboxes, #cite, #cites, #code, #codes, #col, #colgroup, #colgroups, #cols, #data, #datalist, #datalists, #datas, #dd, #dds, #del, #dels, #details, #detailses, #dfn, #dfns, #dialog, #dialogs, #div, #divs, #dl, #dls, #dt, #dts, #element, #elements, #em, #embed, #embeds, #ems, #extract_selector, #field_set, #field_sets, #fieldset, #fieldsets, #figcaption, #figcaptions, #figure, #figures, #file_field, #file_fields, #font, #fonts, #footer, #footers, #form, #forms, #frame, #frames, #frameset, #framesets, #h1, #h1s, #h2, #h2s, #h3, #h3s, #h4, #h4s, #h5, #h5s, #h6, #h6s, #head, #header, #headers, #heads, #hgroup, #hgroups, #hidden, #hiddens, #hr, #hrs, #htmls, #i, #iframe, #iframes, #image, #images, #img, #imgs, #input, #inputs, #ins, #inses, #is, #kbd, #kbds, #keygen, #keygens, #label, #labels, #legend, #legends, #li, #link, #links, #lis, #main, #mains, #map, #maps, #mark, #marks, #menu, #menuitem, #menuitems, #menus, #meta, #metas, #meter, #meters, #nav, #navs, #noscript, #noscripts, #object, #objects, #ol, #ols, #optgroup, #optgroups, #option, #options, #output, #outputs, #p, #param, #params, #pre, #pres, #progress, #progresses, #ps, #q, #qs, #radio, #radios, #rp, #rps, #rt, #rts, #rubies, #ruby, #s, #samp, #samps, #script, #scripts, #section, #sections, #select, #select_list, #select_lists, #selects, #small, #smalls, #source, #sources, #span, #spans, #ss, #strong, #strongs, #styles, #sub, #subs, #summaries, #summary, #sup, #sups, #table, #tables, #tbody, #tbodys, #td, #tds, #template, #templates, #text_field, #text_fields, #textarea, #textareas, #tfoot, #tfoots, #th, #thead, #theads, #ths, #time, #times, #title, #titles, #tr, #track, #tracks, #trs, #u, #ul, #uls, #us, #var, #vars, #video, #videos, #wbr, #wbrs

Methods included from Atoms

load

Methods included from XpathSupport

downcase, escape

Constructor Details

#initialize(parent, selector) ⇒ Element

Returns a new instance of Element.



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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 26

def initialize(parent, selector)
  @parent   = parent
  @selector = selector
  @element  = nil

  unless @selector.kind_of? Hash
    raise ArgumentError, "invalid argument: #{selector.inspect}"
  end
end

Dynamic Method Handling

This class handles dynamic methods through the method_missing method

#method_missing(meth, *args, &blk) ⇒ Object (private) 



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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 548

def method_missing(meth, *args, &blk)
  method = meth.to_s
  if method =~ ElementLocator::WILDCARD_ATTRIBUTE
    attribute_value(method.gsub(/_/, '-'), *args)
  else
    super
  end
end

Instance Method Details

#==(other) ⇒ Object Also known as: eql?

Returns true if two elements are equal.

Examples:

browser.a(:id => "foo") == browser.a(:id => "foo")
#=> true


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 66

def ==(other)
  return false unless other.kind_of? self.class

  assert_exists
  @element == other.wd
end

#attribute_value(attribute_name) ⇒ String

Returns given attribute value of element.

Examples:

browser.a(:id => "foo").attribute_value "href"
#=> "http://watir.com"

Parameters:

  • attribute_name (String)

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 272

def attribute_value(attribute_name)
  assert_exists
  @element.attribute attribute_name
end

#browser ⇒ Watir::Browser

Returns browser.

Returns:



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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 475

def browser
  @parent.browser
end

#class_name ⇒ Object

temporarily add :id and :class_name manually since they’re no longer specified in the HTML spec.

TODO: use IDL from DOM core - dvcs.w3.org/hg/domcore/raw-file/tip/Overview.html

See Also:



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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 24

attributes :string => [:id, :class_name]

#click(*modifiers) ⇒ Object

Clicks the element, optionally while pressing the given modifier keys. Note that support for holding a modifier key is currently experimental, and may not work at all.

Examples:

Click an element

element.click

Click an element with shift key pressed

element.click(:shift)

Click an element with several modifier keys pressed

element.click(:shift, :control)

Parameters:

  • Modifier (:shift, :alt, :control, :command, :meta) —

    key(s) to press while clicking.



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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 117

def click(*modifiers)
  assert_exists
  assert_enabled

  if modifiers.any?
    assert_has_input_devices_for "click(#{modifiers.join ', '})"

    action = driver.action
    modifiers.each { |mod| action.key_down mod }
    action.click @element
    modifiers.each { |mod| action.key_up mod }

    action.perform
  else
    @element.click
  end

  run_checkers
end

#double_click ⇒ Object

Double clicks the element. Note that browser support may vary.

Examples:

browser.a(:id => "foo").double_click


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 145

def double_click
  assert_exists
  assert_has_input_devices_for :double_click

  driver.action.double_click(@element).perform
  run_checkers
end

#drag_and_drop_by(right_by, down_by) ⇒ Object

Drag and drop this element by the given offsets. Note that browser support may vary.

Examples:

browser.div(:id => "draggable").drag_and_drop_by 100, -200

Parameters:

  • right_by (Fixnum)
  • down_by (Fixnum) 


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 215

def drag_and_drop_by(right_by, down_by)
  assert_exists
  assert_has_input_devices_for :drag_and_drop_by

  driver.action.
         drag_and_drop_by(@element, right_by, down_by).
         perform
end

#drag_and_drop_on(other) ⇒ Object

Drag and drop this element on to another element instance. Note that browser support may vary.

Examples:

a = browser.div(:id => "draggable")
b = browser.div(:id => "droppable")
a.drag_and_drop_on b


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 194

def drag_and_drop_on(other)
  assert_is_element other
  assert_exists
  assert_has_input_devices_for :drag_and_drop_on

  driver.action.
         drag_and_drop(@element, other.wd).
         perform
end

#driver ⇒ Object

This method is part of a private API. You should avoid using this method if possible, as it may be removed or be changed in the future. 



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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 366

def driver
  @parent.driver
end

#exists? ⇒ Boolean Also known as: exist?

Returns true if element exists.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 42

def exists?
  assert_exists
  true
rescue UnknownObjectException, UnknownFrameException
  false
end

#fire_event(event_name) ⇒ Object

Simulates JavaScript events on element. Note that you may omit “on” from event name.

Examples:

browser.a(:id => "foo").fire_event :click
browser.a(:id => "foo").fire_event "mousemove"
browser.a(:id => "foo").fire_event "onmouseover"

Parameters:

  • event_name (String, Symbol) 


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 341

def fire_event(event_name)
  assert_exists
  event_name = event_name.to_s.sub(/^on/, '').downcase

  execute_atom :fireEvent, @element, event_name
end

#flash ⇒ Object

Flashes (change background color far a moment) element.

Examples:

browser.div(:id => "draggable").flash


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 231

def flash
  background_color = style("backgroundColor")
  element_color = driver.execute_script("arguments[0].style.backgroundColor", @element)

  10.times do |n|
    color = (n % 2 == 0) ? "red" : background_color
    driver.execute_script("arguments[0].style.backgroundColor = '#{color}'", @element)
  end

  driver.execute_script("arguments[0].style.backgroundColor = arguments[1]", @element, element_color)

  self
end

#focus ⇒ Object

Focuses element. Note that Firefox queues focus events until the window actually has focus.

See Also:



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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 313

def focus
  assert_exists
  driver.execute_script "return arguments[0].focus()", @element
end

#focused? ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if this element is focused.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 324

def focused?
  assert_exists
  @element == driver.switch_to.active_element
end

#hash ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 74

def hash
  @element ? @element.hash : super
end

#hover ⇒ Object

Moves the mouse to the middle of this element. Note that browser support may vary.

Examples:

browser.a(:id => "foo").hover


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 177

def hover
  assert_exists
  assert_has_input_devices_for :hover

  driver.action.move_to(@element).perform
end

#html ⇒ String

Returns outer (inner + element itself) HTML code of element.

Examples:

browser.div(:id => "foo").html
#=> "<div id=\"foo\"><a>Click</a></div>"

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 287

def html
  assert_exists
  execute_atom(:getOuterHtml, @element).strip
end

#id ⇒ Object

temporarily add :id and :class_name manually since they’re no longer specified in the HTML spec.

TODO: use IDL from DOM core - dvcs.w3.org/hg/domcore/raw-file/tip/Overview.html

See Also:



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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 24

attributes :string => [:id, :class_name]

#inspect ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 50

def inspect
  if @selector.has_key?(:element)
    '#<%s:0x%x located=%s selector=%s>' % [self.class, hash*2, !!@element, '{:element=>(webdriver element)}']
  else
    '#<%s:0x%x located=%s selector=%s>' % [self.class, hash*2, !!@element, selector_string]
  end
end

#parent ⇒ Object

Returns parent element of current element.



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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 352

def parent
  assert_exists

  e = execute_atom :getParentElement, @element

  if e.kind_of?(Selenium::WebDriver::Element)
    Watir.element_class_for(e.tag_name.downcase).new(@parent, :element => e)
  end
end

#present? ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if the element exists and is visible on the page.

Returns:

  • (Boolean)

See Also:



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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 397

def present?
  exists? && visible?
rescue Selenium::WebDriver::Error::ObsoleteElementError, UnknownObjectException
  # if the element disappears between the exists? and visible? calls,
  # consider it not present.
  false
end

#right_click ⇒ Object

Right clicks the element. Note that browser support may vary.

Examples:

browser.a(:id => "foo").right_click


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 161

def right_click
  assert_exists
  assert_has_input_devices_for :right_click

  driver.action.context_click(@element).perform
  run_checkers
end

#run_checkers ⇒ Object

Runs checkers.



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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 431

def run_checkers
  @parent.run_checkers
end

#select_text(str) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/extensions/select_text.rb', line 5

def select_text(str)
  assert_exists
  execute_atom :selectText, @element, str
end

#send_keys(*args) ⇒ Object

Sends sequence of keystrokes to element.

Examples:

browser.div(:id => "foo").send_keys "Watir", :return

Parameters:

  • *args (String, Symbol) 


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 301

def send_keys(*args)
  assert_exists
  @element.send_keys(*args)
end

#style(property = nil) ⇒ String

Returns given style property of this element.

Examples:

browser.a(:id => "foo").style
#=> "display: block"
browser.a(:id => "foo").style "display"
#=> "block"

Parameters:

  • property (String) (defaults to: nil)

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 418

def style(property = nil)
  if property
    assert_exists
    @element.style property
  else
    attribute_value("style").to_s.strip
  end
end

#tag_name ⇒ String

Returns tag name of the element.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 95

def tag_name
  assert_exists
  @element.tag_name.downcase
end

#text ⇒ String

Returns the text of the element.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 84

def text
  assert_exists
  @element.text
end

#to_subtype ⇒ Object

Cast this Element instance to a more specific subtype.

Examples:

browser.element(:xpath => "//input[@type='submit']").to_subtype
#=> #<Watir::Button>


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 443

def to_subtype
  elem = wd()
  tag_name = elem.tag_name.downcase

  klass = nil

  if tag_name == "input"
    klass = case elem.attribute(:type)
      when *Button::VALID_TYPES
        Button
      when 'checkbox'
        CheckBox
      when 'radio'
        Radio
      when 'file'
        FileField
      else
        TextField
      end
  else
    klass = Watir.element_class_for(tag_name)
  end

  klass.new(@parent, :element => elem)
end

#value ⇒ String

Returns value of the element.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 251

def value
  assert_exists

  begin
    @element.attribute('value') || ''
  rescue Selenium::WebDriver::Error::InvalidElementStateError
    ""
  end
end

#visible? ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if this element is visible on the page.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 385

def visible?
  assert_exists
  @element.displayed?
end

#wd ⇒ Object

This method is part of a private API. You should avoid using this method if possible, as it may be removed or be changed in the future. 



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# File 'lib/watir-webdriver/elements/element.rb', line 374

def wd
  assert_exists
  @element
end