Class: UUIDTools::UUID

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Includes:
Comparable
Defined in:
lib/uuidtools.rb

Overview

UUIDTools was designed to be a simple library for generating any of the various types of UUIDs. It conforms to RFC 4122 whenever possible.

Examples:

UUID.md5_create(UUID_DNS_NAMESPACE, "www.widgets.com")
# => #<UUID:0x287576 UUID:3d813cbb-47fb-32ba-91df-831e1593ac29>
UUID.sha1_create(UUID_DNS_NAMESPACE, "www.widgets.com")
# => #<UUID:0x2a0116 UUID:21f7f8de-8051-5b89-8680-0195ef798b6a>
UUID.timestamp_create
# => #<UUID:0x2adfdc UUID:64a5189c-25b3-11da-a97b-00c04fd430c8>
UUID.random_create
# => #<UUID:0x19013a UUID:984265dc-4200-4f02-ae70-fe4f48964159>

Constant Summary collapse

@@last_timestamp =

This classvariable is part of a private API. You should avoid using this classvariable if possible, as it may be removed or be changed in the future. 

nil
@@last_node_id =

This classvariable is part of a private API. You should avoid using this classvariable if possible, as it may be removed or be changed in the future. 

nil
@@last_clock_sequence =

This classvariable is part of a private API. You should avoid using this classvariable if possible, as it may be removed or be changed in the future. 

nil
@@state_file =

This classvariable is part of a private API. You should avoid using this classvariable if possible, as it may be removed or be changed in the future. 

nil
@@mutex =

This classvariable is part of a private API. You should avoid using this classvariable if possible, as it may be removed or be changed in the future. 

Mutex.new

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Class Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Constructor Details

#initialize(time_low, time_mid, time_hi_and_version, clock_seq_hi_and_reserved, clock_seq_low, nodes) ⇒ UUID

This method is part of a private API. You should avoid using this method if possible, as it may be removed or be changed in the future.

Creates a new UUID structure from its component values.

See Also:



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 80

def initialize(time_low, time_mid, time_hi_and_version,
    clock_seq_hi_and_reserved, clock_seq_low, nodes)
  unless time_low >= 0 && time_low < 4294967296
    raise ArgumentError,
      "Expected unsigned 32-bit number for time_low, got #{time_low}."
  end
  unless time_mid >= 0 && time_mid < 65536
    raise ArgumentError,
      "Expected unsigned 16-bit number for time_mid, got #{time_mid}."
  end
  unless time_hi_and_version >= 0 && time_hi_and_version < 65536
    raise ArgumentError,
      "Expected unsigned 16-bit number for time_hi_and_version, " +
      "got #{time_hi_and_version}."
  end
  unless clock_seq_hi_and_reserved >= 0 && clock_seq_hi_and_reserved < 256
    raise ArgumentError,
      "Expected unsigned 8-bit number for clock_seq_hi_and_reserved, " +
      "got #{clock_seq_hi_and_reserved}."
  end
  unless clock_seq_low >= 0 && clock_seq_low < 256
    raise ArgumentError,
      "Expected unsigned 8-bit number for clock_seq_low, " +
      "got #{clock_seq_low}."
  end
  unless nodes.kind_of?(Enumerable)
    raise TypeError,
      "Expected Enumerable, got #{nodes.class.name}."
  end
  unless nodes.size == 6
    raise ArgumentError,
      "Expected nodes to have size of 6."
  end
  for node in nodes
    unless node >= 0 && node < 256
      raise ArgumentError,
        "Expected unsigned 8-bit number for each node, " +
        "got #{node}."
    end
  end
  @time_low = time_low
  @time_mid = time_mid
  @time_hi_and_version = time_hi_and_version
  @clock_seq_hi_and_reserved = clock_seq_hi_and_reserved
  @clock_seq_low = clock_seq_low
  @nodes = nodes
end

Instance Attribute Details

#clock_seq_hi_and_reserved ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute ‘clock_seq_hi_and_reserved`



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 142

def clock_seq_hi_and_reserved
  @clock_seq_hi_and_reserved
end

#clock_seq_low ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute ‘clock_seq_low`



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 146

def clock_seq_low
  @clock_seq_low
end

#nodes ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute ‘nodes`



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 150

def nodes
  @nodes
end

#time_hi_and_version ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute ‘time_hi_and_version`



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 138

def time_hi_and_version
  @time_hi_and_version
end

#time_low ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute ‘time_low`



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 130

def time_low
  @time_low
end

#time_mid ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute ‘time_mid`



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 134

def time_mid
  @time_mid
end

Class Method Details

.convert_byte_string_to_int(byte_string) ⇒ Object

This method is part of a private API. You should avoid using this method if possible, as it may be removed or be changed in the future. 



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 706

def self.convert_byte_string_to_int(byte_string)
  if byte_string.respond_to?(:force_encoding)
    byte_string.force_encoding(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
  end
  integer = 0
  size = byte_string.size
  for i in 0..(size - 1)
    ordinal = (byte_string[i].respond_to?(:ord) ?
      byte_string[i].ord : byte_string[i])
    integer += (ordinal << (((size - 1) - i) * 8))
  end
  return integer
end

.convert_int_to_byte_string(integer, size) ⇒ Object

This method is part of a private API. You should avoid using this method if possible, as it may be removed or be changed in the future. 



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 693

def self.convert_int_to_byte_string(integer, size)
  byte_string = ""
  if byte_string.respond_to?(:force_encoding)
    byte_string.force_encoding(Encoding::ASCII_8BIT)
  end
  for i in 0..(size - 1)
    byte_string << ((integer >> (((size - 1) - i) * 8)) & 0xFF)
  end
  return byte_string
end

.create_from_hash(hash_class, namespace, name) ⇒ Object

This method is part of a private API. You should avoid using this method if possible, as it may be removed or be changed in the future.

Creates a new UUID from a SHA1 or MD5 hash



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 668

def self.create_from_hash(hash_class, namespace, name)
  if hash_class == Digest::MD5
    version = 3
  elsif hash_class == Digest::SHA1
    version = 5
  else
    raise ArgumentError,
      "Expected Digest::SHA1 or Digest::MD5, got #{hash_class.name}."
  end
  hash = hash_class.new
  hash.update(namespace.raw)
  hash.update(name)
  hash_string = hash.to_s[0..31]
  new_uuid = self.parse("#{hash_string[0..7]}-#{hash_string[8..11]}-" +
    "#{hash_string[12..15]}-#{hash_string[16..19]}-#{hash_string[20..31]}")

  new_uuid.time_hi_and_version &= 0x0FFF
  new_uuid.time_hi_and_version |= (version << 12)
  new_uuid.clock_seq_hi_and_reserved &= 0x3F
  new_uuid.clock_seq_hi_and_reserved |= 0x80
  return new_uuid
end

.mac_address ⇒ Object

Returns the MAC address of the current computer’s network card. Returns nil if a MAC address could not be found.



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 526

def self.mac_address
  if !defined?(@@mac_address)
    require 'rbconfig'
    os_platform = RbConfig::CONFIG['target_os']
    os_class = nil
    if (os_platform =~ /win/i && !(os_platform =~ /darwin/i)) ||
        os_platform =~ /w32/i
      os_class = :windows
    elsif os_platform =~ /solaris/i
      os_class = :solaris
    elsif os_platform =~ /netbsd/i
      os_class = :netbsd
    elsif os_platform =~ /openbsd/i
      os_class = :openbsd
    end
    mac_regexps = [
      Regexp.new("address:? (#{(["[0-9a-fA-F]{2}"] * 6).join(":")})"),
      Regexp.new("addr:? (#{(["[0-9a-fA-F]{2}"] * 6).join(":")})"),
      Regexp.new("ether:? (#{(["[0-9a-fA-F]{2}"] * 6).join(":")})"),
      Regexp.new("(#{(["[0-9a-fA-F]{2}"] * 6).join(":")})"),
      Regexp.new("(#{(["[0-9a-fA-F]{2}"] * 6).join("-")})")
    ]
    parse_mac = lambda do |output|
      (mac_regexps.map do |regexp|
        result = output[regexp, 1]
        result.downcase.gsub(/-/, ":") if result != nil
      end).compact.first
    end
    if os_class == :windows
      script_in_path = true
    else
      script_in_path = Kernel.system("which ifconfig 2>&1 > /dev/null")
    end
    if os_class == :solaris
      begin
        ifconfig_output =
          (script_in_path ? `ifconfig -a` : `/sbin/ifconfig -a`)
        ip_addresses = ifconfig_output.scan(
          /inet\s?(\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3})/)
        ip = ip_addresses.find {|addr| addr[0] != '127.0.0.1'}[0]
        @@mac_address = `/usr/sbin/arp #{ip}`.split(' ')[3]
      rescue Exception
      end
      if @@mac_address == "" || @@mac_address == nil
        begin
          ifconfig_output =
            (script_in_path ?
              `ifconfig -a` : `/sbin/ifconfig -a`).split(' ')
          index = ifconfig_output.index("inet") + 1
          ip = ifconfig_output[index]
          @@mac_address = `arp #{ip}`.split(' ')[3]
        rescue Exception
        end
      end
    elsif os_class == :windows
      begin
        @@mac_address = parse_mac.call(`ipconfig /all`)
      rescue
      end
    else
      begin
        if os_class == :netbsd
          @@mac_address = parse_mac.call(
            script_in_path ? `ifconfig -a 2>&1` : `/sbin/ifconfig -a 2>&1`
          )
        elsif os_class == :openbsd
          @@mac_address = parse_mac.call(
            script_in_path ? `ifconfig -a 2>&1` : `/sbin/ifconfig -a 2>&1`
          )
        elsif File.exists?('/sbin/ifconfig')
          @@mac_address = parse_mac.call(
            script_in_path ? `ifconfig 2>&1` : `/sbin/ifconfig 2>&1`
          )
          if @@mac_address == nil
            @@mac_address = parse_mac.call(
              script_in_path ?
                `ifconfig -a 2>&1` : `/sbin/ifconfig -a 2>&1`
            )
          end
          if @@mac_address == nil
            @@mac_address = parse_mac.call(
              script_in_path ?
                `ifconfig | grep HWaddr | cut -c39- 2>&1` :
                `/sbin/ifconfig | grep HWaddr | cut -c39- 2>&1`
            )
          end
        else
          @@mac_address = parse_mac.call(
            script_in_path ? `ifconfig 2>&1` : `/sbin/ifconfig 2>&1`
          )
          if @@mac_address == nil
            @@mac_address = parse_mac.call(
              script_in_path ?
                `ifconfig -a 2>&1` : `/sbin/ifconfig -a 2>&1`
            )
          end
          if @@mac_address == nil
            @@mac_address = parse_mac.call(
              script_in_path ?
                `ifconfig | grep HWaddr | cut -c39- 2>&1` :
                `/sbin/ifconfig | grep HWaddr | cut -c39- 2>&1`
            )
          end
        end
      rescue
      end
    end
    if @@mac_address != nil
      if @@mac_address.respond_to?(:to_str)
        @@mac_address = @@mac_address.to_str
      else
        @@mac_address = @@mac_address.to_s
      end
      @@mac_address.downcase!
      @@mac_address.strip!
    end

    # Verify that the MAC address is in the right format.
    # Nil it out if it isn't.
    unless @@mac_address.respond_to?(:scan) &&
        @@mac_address.scan(/#{(["[0-9a-f]{2}"] * 6).join(":")}/)
      @@mac_address = nil
    end
  end
  return @@mac_address
end

.mac_address=(new_mac_address) ⇒ Object

Allows users to set the MAC address manually in cases where the MAC address cannot be obtained programatically.



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 656

def self.mac_address=(new_mac_address)
  @@mac_address = new_mac_address
end

.md5_create(namespace, name) ⇒ Object

Creates a UUID using the MD5 hash. (Version 3)



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 291

def self.md5_create(namespace, name)
  return self.create_from_hash(Digest::MD5, namespace, name)
end

.parse(uuid_string) ⇒ Object

Parses a UUID from a string.

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) 


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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 154

def self.parse(uuid_string)
  unless uuid_string.kind_of? String
    raise TypeError,
      "Expected String, got #{uuid_string.class.name} instead."
  end
  uuid_components = uuid_string.downcase.scan(
    Regexp.new("^([0-9a-f]{8})-([0-9a-f]{4})-([0-9a-f]{4})-" +
      "([0-9a-f]{2})([0-9a-f]{2})-([0-9a-f]{12})$")).first
  raise ArgumentError, "Invalid UUID format." if uuid_components.nil?
  time_low = uuid_components[0].to_i(16)
  time_mid = uuid_components[1].to_i(16)
  time_hi_and_version = uuid_components[2].to_i(16)
  clock_seq_hi_and_reserved = uuid_components[3].to_i(16)
  clock_seq_low = uuid_components[4].to_i(16)
  nodes = []
  for i in 0..5
    nodes << uuid_components[5][(i * 2)..(i * 2) + 1].to_i(16)
  end
  return self.new(time_low, time_mid, time_hi_and_version,
    clock_seq_hi_and_reserved, clock_seq_low, nodes)
end

.parse_hexdigest(uuid_hexdigest) ⇒ Object

Parse a UUID from a hexdigest String.



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 210

def self.parse_hexdigest(uuid_hexdigest)
  unless uuid_hexdigest.kind_of?(String)
    raise ArgumentError,
      "Expected String, got #{uuid_hexdigest.class.name} instead."
  end
  return self.parse_int(uuid_hexdigest.to_i(16))
end

.parse_int(uuid_int) ⇒ Object

Parses a UUID from an Integer.



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 200

def self.parse_int(uuid_int)
  unless uuid_int.kind_of?(Integer)
    raise ArgumentError,
      "Expected Integer, got #{uuid_int.class.name} instead."
  end
  return self.parse_raw(self.convert_int_to_byte_string(uuid_int, 16))
end

.parse_raw(raw_string) ⇒ Object

Parses a UUID from a raw byte string.



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 178

def self.parse_raw(raw_string)
  unless raw_string.kind_of? String
    raise TypeError,
      "Expected String, got #{raw_string.class.name} instead."
  end
  integer = self.convert_byte_string_to_int(raw_string)

  time_low = (integer >> 96) & 0xFFFFFFFF
  time_mid = (integer >> 80) & 0xFFFF
  time_hi_and_version = (integer >> 64) & 0xFFFF
  clock_seq_hi_and_reserved = (integer >> 56) & 0xFF
  clock_seq_low = (integer >> 48) & 0xFF
  nodes = []
  for i in 0..5
    nodes << ((integer >> (40 - (i * 8))) & 0xFF)
  end
  return self.new(time_low, time_mid, time_hi_and_version,
    clock_seq_hi_and_reserved, clock_seq_low, nodes)
end

.random_create ⇒ Object

Creates a UUID from a random value.



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 220

def self.random_create()
  new_uuid = self.parse_raw(SecureRandom.random_bytes(16))
  new_uuid.time_hi_and_version &= 0x0FFF
  new_uuid.time_hi_and_version |= (4 << 12)
  new_uuid.clock_seq_hi_and_reserved &= 0x3F
  new_uuid.clock_seq_hi_and_reserved |= 0x80
  return new_uuid
end

.sha1_create(namespace, name) ⇒ Object

Creates a UUID using the SHA1 hash. (Version 5)



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 297

def self.sha1_create(namespace, name)
  return self.create_from_hash(Digest::SHA1, namespace, name)
end

.timestamp_create(timestamp = nil) ⇒ Object

Creates a UUID from a timestamp.



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 231

def self.timestamp_create(timestamp=nil)
  # We need a lock here to prevent two threads from ever
  # getting the same timestamp.
  @@mutex.synchronize do
    # Always use GMT to generate UUIDs.
    if timestamp.nil?
      gmt_timestamp = Time.now.gmtime
    else
      gmt_timestamp = timestamp.gmtime
    end
    # Convert to 100 nanosecond blocks
    gmt_timestamp_100_nanoseconds = (gmt_timestamp.tv_sec * 10000000) +
      (gmt_timestamp.tv_usec * 10) + 0x01B21DD213814000
    mac_address = self.mac_address
    node_id = 0
    if mac_address != nil
      nodes = mac_address.split(":").collect do |octet|
        octet.to_i(16)
      end
    else
      nodes = SecureRandom.random_bytes(6).unpack("C*")
      nodes[0] |= 0b00000001
    end
    for i in 0..5
      node_id += (nodes[i] << (40 - (i * 8)))
    end
    clock_sequence = @@last_clock_sequence
    if clock_sequence.nil?
      clock_sequence = self.convert_byte_string_to_int(
        SecureRandom.random_bytes(16)
      )
    end
    if @@last_node_id != nil && @@last_node_id != node_id
      # The node id has changed.  Change the clock id.
      clock_sequence = self.convert_byte_string_to_int(
        SecureRandom.random_bytes(16)
      )
    elsif @@last_timestamp != nil &&
        gmt_timestamp_100_nanoseconds <= @@last_timestamp
      clock_sequence = clock_sequence + 1
    end
    @@last_timestamp = gmt_timestamp_100_nanoseconds
    @@last_node_id = node_id
    @@last_clock_sequence = clock_sequence

    time_low = gmt_timestamp_100_nanoseconds & 0xFFFFFFFF
    time_mid = ((gmt_timestamp_100_nanoseconds >> 32) & 0xFFFF)
    time_hi_and_version = ((gmt_timestamp_100_nanoseconds >> 48) & 0x0FFF)
    time_hi_and_version |= (1 << 12)
    clock_seq_low = clock_sequence & 0xFF;
    clock_seq_hi_and_reserved = (clock_sequence & 0x3F00) >> 8
    clock_seq_hi_and_reserved |= 0x80

    return self.new(time_low, time_mid, time_hi_and_version,
      clock_seq_hi_and_reserved, clock_seq_low, nodes)
  end
end

Instance Method Details

#<=>(other_uuid) ⇒ Object

Compares two UUIDs lexically



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 397

def <=>(other_uuid)
  check = self.time_low <=> other_uuid.time_low
  return check if check != 0
  check = self.time_mid <=> other_uuid.time_mid
  return check if check != 0
  check = self.time_hi_and_version <=> other_uuid.time_hi_and_version
  return check if check != 0
  check = self.clock_seq_hi_and_reserved <=>
    other_uuid.clock_seq_hi_and_reserved
  return check if check != 0
  check = self.clock_seq_low <=> other_uuid.clock_seq_low
  return check if check != 0
  for i in 0..5
    if (self.nodes[i] < other_uuid.nodes[i])
      return -1
    end
    if (self.nodes[i] > other_uuid.nodes[i])
      return 1
    end
  end
  return 0
end

#eql?(other) ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if this UUID is exactly equal to the other UUID.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 519

def eql?(other)
  return self == other
end

#hash ⇒ Object

Returns an integer hash value.



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 459

def hash
  self.frozen? ? generate_hash : (@hash ||= generate_hash)
end

#hexdigest ⇒ Object

Returns the hex digest of the UUID object.



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 428

def hexdigest
  self.frozen? ? generate_hexdigest : (@hexdigest ||= generate_hexdigest)
end

#inspect ⇒ Object

Returns a representation of the object’s state



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 422

def inspect
  return "#<UUID:0x#{self.object_id.to_s(16)} UUID:#{self.to_s}>"
end

#mac_address ⇒ Object

Returns the IEEE 802 address used to generate this UUID or nil if a MAC address was not used.



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 374

def mac_address
  return nil if self.version != 1
  return nil if self.random_node_id?
  return (self.nodes.collect do |node|
    sprintf("%2.2x", node)
  end).join(":")
end

#nil_uuid? ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if this UUID is the nil UUID (00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000).

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 316

def nil_uuid?
  return false if self.time_low != 0
  return false if self.time_mid != 0
  return false if self.time_hi_and_version != 0
  return false if self.clock_seq_hi_and_reserved != 0
  return false if self.clock_seq_low != 0
  self.nodes.each do |node|
    return false if node != 0
  end
  return true
end

#random_node_id? ⇒ Boolean

This method applies only to version 1 UUIDs. Checks if the node ID was generated from a random number or from an IEEE 802 address (MAC address). Always returns false for UUIDs that aren’t version 1. This should not be confused with version 4 UUIDs where more than just the node id is random.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 308

def random_node_id?
  return false if self.version != 1
  return ((self.nodes.first & 0x01) == 1)
end

#raw ⇒ Object

Returns the raw bytes that represent this UUID.



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 434

def raw
  self.frozen? ? generate_raw : (@raw ||= generate_raw)
end

#timestamp ⇒ Object

Returns the timestamp used to generate this UUID



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 384

def timestamp
  return nil if self.version != 1
  gmt_timestamp_100_nanoseconds = 0
  gmt_timestamp_100_nanoseconds +=
    ((self.time_hi_and_version  & 0x0FFF) << 48)
  gmt_timestamp_100_nanoseconds += (self.time_mid << 32)
  gmt_timestamp_100_nanoseconds += self.time_low
  return Time.at(
    (gmt_timestamp_100_nanoseconds - 0x01B21DD213814000) / 10000000.0)
end

#to_i ⇒ Object

Returns an integer representation for this UUID.



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 447

def to_i
  self.frozen? ? generate_i : (@integer ||= generate_i)
end

#to_s ⇒ Object Also known as: to_str

Returns a string representation for this UUID.



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 440

def to_s
  self.frozen? ? generate_s : (@string ||= generate_s)
end

#to_uri ⇒ Object

Returns a URI string for this UUID.



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 453

def to_uri
  return "urn:uuid:#{self.to_s}"
end

#valid? ⇒ Boolean

Returns true if this UUID is valid.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 362

def valid?
  if [0b000, 0b100, 0b110, 0b111].include?(self.variant) &&
    (1..5).include?(self.version)
    return true
  else
    return false
  end
end

#variant ⇒ Object

Returns the UUID variant. Possible values: 0b000 - Reserved, NCS backward compatibility. 0b100 - The variant specified in this document. 0b110 - Reserved, Microsoft Corporation backward compatibility. 0b111 - Reserved for future definition.



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 347

def variant
  variant_raw = (clock_seq_hi_and_reserved >> 5)
  result = nil
  if (variant_raw >> 2) == 0
    result = 0x000
  elsif (variant_raw >> 1) == 2
    result = 0x100
  else
    result = variant_raw
  end
  return (result >> 6)
end

#version ⇒ Object

Returns the UUID version type. Possible values: 1 - Time-based with unique or random host identifier 2 - DCE Security version (with POSIX UIDs) 3 - Name-based (MD5 hash) 4 - Random 5 - Name-based (SHA-1 hash)



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# File 'lib/uuidtools.rb', line 336

def version
  return (time_hi_and_version >> 12)
end