Class: ShEx::Algebra::Operator Abstract

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Extended by:
SPARQL::Algebra::Expression
Includes:
RDF::Util::Logger
Defined in:
lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb

Overview

This class is abstract.

The ShEx operator.

Defined Under Namespace

Classes: Binary, Unary

Constant Summary collapse

ARITY =

variable arity

-1 # variable arity

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Class Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Constructor Details

#initialize(*operands) ⇒ Operator #initialize(*operands, options) ⇒ Operator

Initializes a new operator instance.

Overloads:

  • #initialize(*operands) ⇒ Operator

    Parameters:

    • operands (Array<RDF::Term>)
  • #initialize(*operands, options) ⇒ Operator

    Parameters:

    • operands (Array<RDF::Term>)
    • options (Hash{Symbol => Object}) —

      any additional options

    Options Hash (options):

    • :memoize (Boolean) — default: false —

      whether to memoize results for particular operands

    • :label (RDF::Resource) —

      Identifier of the operator

Raises:

  • (TypeError) —

    if any operand is invalid



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 38

def initialize(*operands)
  @options  = operands.last.is_a?(Hash) ? operands.pop.dup : {}
  @operands = operands.map! do |operand|
    case operand
      when Array
        operand.each do |op|
          op.parent = self if op.respond_to?(:parent=)
        end
        operand
      when Operator, RDF::Term, RDF::Query, RDF::Query::Pattern, Array, Symbol
        operand.parent = self if operand.respond_to?(:parent=)
        operand
      when TrueClass, FalseClass, Numeric, String, DateTime, Date, Time
        RDF::Literal(operand)
      when NilClass
        raise ArgumentError, "Found nil operand for #{self.class.name}"
      else raise TypeError, "invalid ShEx::Algebra::Operator operand: #{operand.inspect}"
    end
  end

  @label = options[:label]
end

Dynamic Method Handling

This class handles dynamic methods through the method_missing method

#method_missing(method, *args) ⇒ Object (protected)

Implement ‘to_hash` only if accessed; otherwise, it becomes an _Implicit Accessor_ which will cause problems with splat arguments, which causes the last to be turned into a hash for extracting keyword aruments.



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 610

def method_missing(method, *args)
  return to_h(*args) if method == :hash
  super
end

Instance Attribute Details

#label ⇒ RDF::Resource

The label (or subject) of this operand

Returns:

  • (RDF::Resource) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 201

def label
  @label
end

#logger=(value) ⇒ Logger (writeonly)

Logging support (reader is in RDF::Util::Logger)

Returns:

  • (Logger) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 206

def logger=(value)
  @logger = value
end

#operands ⇒ Array (readonly)

The operands to this operator.

Returns:

  • (Array) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 196

def operands
  @operands
end

#options ⇒ Object

Initialization options



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 19

def options
  @options
end

#schema ⇒ Object

Location of schema including this operator



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 16

def schema
  @schema
end

Class Method Details

.from_shexj(operator, options = {}) ⇒ Operator

Creates an operator instance from a parsed ShExJ representation

Parameters:

  • operator (Hash)
  • options (Hash) (defaults to: {}) —

    ({})

Options Hash (options):

  • :base (RDF::URI)
  • :prefixes (Hash{String => RDF::URI})

Returns:



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 251

def self.from_shexj(operator, options = {})
  options[:context] ||= JSON::LD::Context.parse(ShEx::CONTEXT)
  operands = []
  label = nil

  operator.each do |k, v|
    case k
    when /length|pattern|clusive/          then operands << [k.to_sym, v]
    when 'label'                           then label = iri(v, options)
    when 'min', 'max', 'inverse', 'closed' then operands << [k.to_sym, v]
    when 'nodeKind'                        then operands << v.to_sym
    when 'object'                          then operands << value(v, options)
    when 'start'                           then operands << Start.new(ShEx::Algebra.from_shexj(v, options))
    when '@context'                        then
      options[:context] = JSON::LD::Context.parse(v)
      options[:base_uri] = options[:context].base
    when 'shapes'
      operands << case v
      when Array
        [:shapes] + v.map {|vv| ShEx::Algebra.from_shexj(vv, options)}
      else
        raise "Expected value of shapes #{v.inspect}"
      end
    when 'reference', 'include', 'stem', 'name'
      # Value may be :wildcard for stem
      operands << (v.is_a?(Symbol) ? v : iri(v, options))
    when 'predicate' then operands << iri(v, options)
    when 'extra', 'datatype'
      v = [v] unless v.is_a?(Array)
      operands << (v.map {|op| iri(op, options)}).unshift(k.to_sym)
    when 'exclusions'
      v = [v] unless v.is_a?(Array)
      operands << v.map do |op|
        op.is_a?(Hash) ?
          ShEx::Algebra.from_shexj(op, options) :
          value(op, options)
      end.unshift(:exclusions)
    when 'min', 'max', 'inverse', 'closed', 'valueExpr', 'semActs',
         'shapeExpr', 'shapeExprs', 'startActs', 'expression',
         'expressions', 'annotations'
      v = [v] unless v.is_a?(Array)
      operands += v.map {|op| ShEx::Algebra.from_shexj(op, options)}
    when 'code'
      operands << v
    when 'values'
      v = [v] unless v.is_a?(Array)
      operands += v.map do |op|
        Value.new(value(op, options))
      end
    end
  end

  new(*operands, label: label)
end

.iri(value, options) ⇒ RDF::Value

Create URIs

Parameters:

  • value (RDF::Value, String)
  • options (Hash{Symbol => Object})

Options Hash (options):

  • :base_uri (RDF::URI)
  • :prefixes (Hash{String => RDF::URI})
  • :context (JSON::LD::Context)

Returns:

  • (RDF::Value) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 433

def self.iri(value, options)
  # If we have a base URI, use that when constructing a new URI
  base_uri = options[:base_uri]

  case value
  when Hash
    # A JSON-LD node reference
    v = options[:context].expand_value(value)
    raise "Expected #{value.inspect} to be a JSON-LD Node Reference" unless JSON::LD::Utils.node_reference?(v)
    self.iri(v['@id'], options)
  when RDF::URI
    if base_uri && value.relative?
      base_uri.join(value)
    else
      value
    end
  when RDF::Value then value
  when /^_:/ then
    id = value[2..-1].to_s
    RDF::Node.intern(id)
  when /^(\w+):(\S+)$/
    prefixes = options.fetch(:prefixes, {})
    if prefixes.has_key?($1)
      prefixes[$1].join($2)
    elsif RDF.type == value
      a = RDF.type.dup; a.lexical = 'a'; a
    elsif options[:context]
      options[:context].expand_iri(value, vocab: true)
    else
      RDF::URI(value)
    end
  else
    if options[:context]
      options[:context].expand_iri(value, document: true)
    elsif base_uri
      base_uri.join(value)
    elsif base_uri
      base_uri.join(value)
    else
      RDF::URI(value)
    end
  end
end

.value(value, options) ⇒ RDF::Value

Create Values, with “clever” matching to see if it might be a value, IRI or BNode.

Parameters:

  • value (RDF::Value, String)
  • options (Hash{Symbol => Object})

Options Hash (options):

  • :base_uri (RDF::URI)
  • :prefixes (Hash{String => RDF::URI})

Returns:

  • (RDF::Value) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 491

def self.value(value, options)
  # If we have a base URI, use that when constructing a new URI
  case value
  when Hash
    # Either a value object or a node reference
    if value['uri']
      iri(value['uri'], options)
    elsif value['value']
      RDF::Literal(value['value'], datatype: value['type'], language: value['language'])
    else
      ShEx::Algebra.from_shexj(value, options)
    end
  else iri(value, options)
  end
end

Instance Method Details

#base_uri ⇒ HRDF::URI

Returns the Base URI defined for the parser, as specified or when parsing a BASE prologue element.

Examples:

base  #=> RDF::URI('http://example.com/')

Returns:

  • (HRDF::URI) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 414

def base_uri
  @options[:base_uri]
end

#closed? ⇒ Boolean

Is this shape closed?

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 64

def closed?
  operands.include?(:closed)
end

#each_descendant(depth = 0) {|operator| ... } ⇒ Enumerator Also known as: descendants, each

Enumerate via depth-first recursive descent over operands, yielding each operator

Parameters:

  • depth (Integer) (defaults to: 0) —

    incrementeded for each depth of operator, and provided to block if Arity is 2

Yields:

  • operator

Yield Parameters:

  • operator (Object)

Returns:

  • (Enumerator) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 546

def each_descendant(depth = 0, &block)
  if block_given?

    case block.arity
    when 1 then block.call(self)
    else block.call(depth, self)
    end

    operands.each do |operand|
      case operand
      when Array
        operand.each do |op|
          op.each_descendant(depth + 1, &block) if op.respond_to?(:each_descendant)
        end
      else
        operand.each_descendant(depth + 1, &block) if operand.respond_to?(:each_descendant)
      end
    end
  end
  enum_for(:each_descendant)
end

#eql?(other) ⇒ Boolean Also known as: ==

Parameters:

  • other (Statement)

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 535

def eql?(other)
  other.class == self.class && other.operands == self.operands
end

#first_ancestor(klass) ⇒ Operator

First ancestor operator of type ‘klass`

Parameters:

  • klass (Class)

Returns:



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 589

def first_ancestor(klass)
  parent.is_a?(klass) ? parent : parent.first_ancestor(klass) if parent
end

#focus ⇒ Object

On a result instance, the focus of the expression



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 86

def focus
  Array(operands.detect {|op| op.is_a?(Array) && op[0] == :focus} || [:focus])[1]
end

#focus=(node) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 89

def focus=(node)
  operands.delete_if {|op| op.is_a?(Array) && op[0] == :focus}
  operands << [:focus, node]
end

#inspect ⇒ String

Returns a developer-friendly representation of this operator.

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 528

def inspect
  sprintf("#<%s:%#0x(%s)>", self.class.name, __id__, operands.to_sse.gsub(/\s+/m, ' '))
end

#iri(value, options = @options) ⇒ RDF::Value

Create URIs

Parameters:

  • value (RDF::Value, String)
  • options (Hash{Symbol => Object}) (defaults to: @options)

Options Hash (options):

  • :base_uri (RDF::URI)
  • :prefixes (Hash{String => RDF::URI})
  • :context (JSON::LD::Context)

Returns:

  • (RDF::Value) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 425

def iri(value, options = @options)
  self.class.iri(value, options)
end

#json_type ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 306

def json_type
  self.class.name.split('::').last
end

#matched ⇒ Array<Statement>

On a result instance, the statements that matched this expression.

Returns:

  • (Array<Statement>) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 97

def matched
  Array((operands.detect {|op| op.is_a?(Array) && op[0] == :matched} || [:matched])[1..-1])
end

#matched=(statements) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 100

def matched=(statements)
  operands.delete_if {|op| op.is_a?(Array) && op[0] == :matched}
  operands << statements.unshift(:matched) unless (statements || []).empty?
end

#message ⇒ String

On a result instance, the failure message. (failure only).

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 141

def message
  (operands.detect {|op| op.is_a?(Array) && op[0] == :message} || [:message])[1..-1]
end

#message=(str) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 144

def message=(str)
  operands.delete_if {|op| op.is_a?(Array) && op[0] == :message}
  operands << [:message, str]
end

#not_matched(message, **opts, &block) ⇒ Object

Exception handling

Raises:

  • (exception) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 167

def not_matched(message, **opts, &block)
  expression = opts.fetch(:expression, self).satisfy(message: message, **opts)
  exception = opts.fetch(:exception, ShEx::NotMatched)
  status(message, **opts) {(block_given? ? block.call : "") + "expression: #{expression.to_sxp}"}
  raise exception.new(message, expression: expression)
end

#not_satisfied(message, **opts) ⇒ Object

Raises:

  • (exception) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 174

def not_satisfied(message, **opts)
  expression = opts.fetch(:expression, self).satisfy(message: message, **opts)
  exception = opts.fetch(:exception, ShEx::NotSatisfied)
  status(message, **opts) {(block_given? ? block.call : "") + "expression: #{expression.to_sxp}"}
  raise exception.new(message, expression: expression)
end

#operand(index = 0) ⇒ RDF::Term

Returns the operand at the given ‘index`.

Parameters:

  • index (Integer) (defaults to: 0) —

    an operand index in the range ‘(0…(operands.count))`

Returns:

  • (RDF::Term) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 214

def operand(index = 0)
  operands[index]
end

#parent ⇒ Operator

Parent expression, if any

Returns:



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 574

def parent; @options[:parent]; end

#parent=(operator) ⇒ Operator

Parent operator, if any

Returns:



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 580

def parent=(operator)
  @options[:parent]= operator
end

#satisfiable? ⇒ Boolean

Does this operator include Satisfiable?

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 76

def satisfiable?; false; end

#satisfied ⇒ Array<Operator>

On a result instance, the sub-expressions which were matched.

Returns:



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 119

def satisfied
  Array((operands.detect {|op| op.is_a?(Array) && op[0] == :satisfied} || [:satisfied])[1..-1])
end

#satisfied=(ops) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 122

def satisfied=(ops)
  operands.delete_if {|op| op.is_a?(Array) && op[0] == :satisfied}
  operands << ops.unshift(:satisfied) unless (ops || []).empty?
end

#satisfy(focus: nil, matched: nil, unmatched: nil, satisfied: nil, unsatisfied: nil, message: nil, **opts) ⇒ Operand

Duplication this operand, and add ‘matched`, `unmatched`, `satisfied`, and `unsatisfied` operands for accessing downstream.

Returns:

  • (Operand) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 153

def satisfy(focus: nil, matched: nil, unmatched: nil, satisfied: nil, unsatisfied: nil, message: nil, **opts)
  log_debug(self.class.const_get(:NAME), "satisfied", **opts) unless message
  expression = self.dup
  expression.message = message if message
  expression.focus = focus if focus
  expression.matched = Array(matched) if matched
  expression.unmatched = Array(unmatched) if unmatched
  expression.satisfied = Array(satisfied) if satisfied
  expression.unsatisfied = Array(unsatisfied) if unsatisfied
  expression
end

#semact? ⇒ Boolean

Does this operator a SemAct?

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 82

def semact?; false; end

#semantic_actions ⇒ Array<SemAct>

Semantic Actions

Returns:



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 71

def semantic_actions
  operands.select {|o| o.is_a?(SemAct)}
end

#serialize_value(value) ⇒ String

Serialize a value, either as JSON, or as modififed N-Triples

Parameters:

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 512

def serialize_value(value)
  case value
    when RDF::Literal
      {'value' => value.to_s}.
      merge(value.has_datatype? ? {'type' => value.datatype.to_s} : {}).
      merge(value.has_language? ? {'language' => value.language.to_s} : {})
    when RDF::Resource
      value.to_s
    else value.to_h
  end
end

#status(message, **opts, &block) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 187

def status(message, **opts, &block)
  log_debug(self.class.const_get(:NAME).to_s + (@label ? "(#{@label})" : ""), message, **opts, &block)
  true
end

#structure_error(message, **opts) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 181

def structure_error(message, **opts)
  expression = opts.fetch(:expression, self)
  exception = opts.fetch(:exception, ShEx::StructureError)
  log_error(message, depth: options.fetch(:depth, 0), exception: exception) {"expression: #{expression.to_sxp}"}
end

#to_h ⇒ Hash

Create a hash version of the operator, suitable for turning into JSON.

Returns:

  • (Hash) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 317

def to_h
  obj = json_type == 'Schema' ?
    {'@context' => ShEx::CONTEXT, 'type' => json_type} : 
    {'type' => json_type}
  obj['label'] = label.to_s if label
  operands.each do |op|
    case op
    when Array
      # First element should be a symbol
      case sym = op.first
      when :datatype,
           :pattern         then obj[op.first.to_s] = op.last.to_s
      when :exclusions      then obj['exclusions'] = Array(op[1..-1]).map {|v| serialize_value(v)}
      when :extra           then (obj['extra'] ||= []).concat Array(op[1..-1]).map(&:to_s)
        # FIXME Shapes should be an array, not a hash
      when :shapes          then obj['shapes'] = Array(op[1..-1]).map {|v| v.to_h}
      when :minlength,
           :maxlength,
           :length,
           :mininclusive,
           :maxinclusive,
           :minexclusive,
           :maxexclusive,
           :totaldigits,
           :fractiondigits  then obj[op.first.to_s] = op.last.object
      when :min, :max       then obj[op.first.to_s] = op.last
      when :base, :prefix
        # Ignore base and prefix
      when Symbol           then obj[sym.to_s] = Array(op[1..-1]).map(&:to_h)
      else
        raise "Expected array to start with a symbol for #{self}"
      end
    when :wildcard  then obj['stem'] = {'type' => 'Wildcard'}
    when Annotation then (obj['annotations'] ||= []) << op.to_h
    when SemAct     then (obj[is_a?(Schema) ? 'startActs' : 'semActs'] ||= []) << op.to_h
    when Start      then obj['start'] = op.operands.first.to_h
    when RDF::Value
      case self
      when TripleConstraint then obj['predicate'] = op.to_s
      when Stem, StemRange  then obj['stem'] = op.to_s
      when Inclusion        then obj['include'] = op.to_s
      when ShapeRef         then obj['reference'] = op.to_s
      when SemAct           then obj[op.is_a?(RDF::URI) ? 'name' : 'code'] = op.to_s
      else
        raise "How to serialize Value #{op.inspect} to json for #{self}"
      end
    when Symbol
      case self
      when NodeConstraint   then obj['nodeKind'] = op.to_s
      when Shape            then obj['closed'] = true
      when TripleConstraint then obj['inverse'] = true
      else
        raise "How to serialize Symbol #{op.inspect} to json for #{self}"
      end
    when TripleConstraint, EachOf, OneOf, Inclusion
      case self
      when EachOf, OneOf
        (obj['expressions'] ||= []) << op.to_h
      else
        obj['expression'] = op.to_h
      end
    when NodeConstraint
      case self
      when And, Or
        (obj['shapeExprs'] ||= []) << op.to_h
      else
        obj['valueExpr'] = op.to_h
      end
    when And, Or, Shape, Not, ShapeRef
      case self
      when And, Or
        (obj['shapeExprs'] ||= []) << op.to_h
      when TripleConstraint
        obj['valueExpr'] = op.to_h
      else
        obj['shapeExpr'] = op.to_h
      end
    when Value
      obj['values'] ||= []
      Array(op).map {|o| o.operands}.flatten.each do |oo|
        obj['values'] << serialize_value(oo)
      end
    else
      raise "How to serialize #{op.inspect} to json for #{self}"
    end
  end
  obj
end

#to_json(options = nil) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 310

def to_json(options = nil)
  self.to_h.to_json(options)
end

#to_sxp ⇒ String

Returns an S-Expression (SXP) representation of this operator

Returns:

  • (String) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 233

def to_sxp
  begin
    require 'sxp' # @see http://rubygems.org/gems/sxp
  rescue LoadError
    abort "SPARQL::Algebra::Operator#to_sxp requires the SXP gem (hint: `gem install sxp')."
  end
  require 'sparql/algebra/sxp_extensions'

  to_sxp_bin.to_sxp
end

#to_sxp_bin ⇒ Array

Returns the binary S-Expression (SXP) representation of this operator.

Returns:

  • (Array)

See Also:



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 223

def to_sxp_bin
  [self.class.const_get(:NAME)] +
  (label ? [[:label, label]] : []) +
  (operands || []).map(&:to_sxp_bin)
end

#triple_expression? ⇒ Boolean

Does this operator include TripleExpression?

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 79

def triple_expression?; false; end

#unmatched ⇒ Array<Statement>

On a result instance, the statements that did not match this expression (failure only).

Returns:

  • (Array<Statement>) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 108

def unmatched
  Array((operands.detect {|op| op.is_a?(Array) && op[0] == :unmatched} || [:unmatched])[1..-1])
end

#unmatched=(statements) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 111

def unmatched=(statements)
  operands.delete_if {|op| op.is_a?(Array) && op[0] == :unmatched}
  operands << statements.unshift(:unmatched) unless (statements || []).empty?
end

#unsatisfied ⇒ Array<Operator>

On a result instance, the sub-satisfieables which were not satisfied. (failure only).

Returns:



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 130

def unsatisfied
  Array((operands.detect {|op| op.is_a?(Array) && op[0] == :unsatisfied} || [:unsatisfied])[1..-1])
end

#unsatisfied=(ops) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 133

def unsatisfied=(ops)
  operands.delete_if {|op| op.is_a?(Array) && op[0] == :unsatisfied}
  operands << ops.unshift(:unsatisfied) unless (ops || []).empty?
end

#validate! ⇒ SPARQL::Algebra::Expression

Validate all operands, operator specific classes should override for operator-specific validation

Returns:

  • (SPARQL::Algebra::Expression) —

    ‘self`

Raises:



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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 597

def validate!
  operands.each {|op| op.validate! if op.respond_to?(:validate!)}
  self
end

#value(value, options = @options) ⇒ RDF::Value

Create Values, with “clever” matching to see if it might be a value, IRI or BNode.

Parameters:

  • value (RDF::Value, String)
  • options (Hash{Symbol => Object}) (defaults to: @options)

Options Hash (options):

  • :base_uri (RDF::URI)
  • :prefixes (Hash{String => RDF::URI})

Returns:

  • (RDF::Value) 


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# File 'lib/shex/algebra/operator.rb', line 483

def value(value, options = @options)
  self.class.value(value, options)
end