Module: RGeo::Feature::Geometry
- Extended by:
- Type
- Included in:
- Curve, GeometryCollection, Point, Surface
- Defined in:
- lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb
Overview
SFS 1.1 Description
Geometry is the root class of the hierarchy. Geometry is an abstract (non-instantiable) class.
The instantiable subclasses of Geometry defined in this International Standard are restricted to 0, 1 and 2-dimensional geometric objects that exist in 2-dimensional coordinate space (R2).
All instantiable Geometry classes described in this part of ISO 19125 are defined so that valid instances of a Geometry class are topologically closed, i.e. all defined geometries include their boundary.
Notes
Geometry is defined as a module and is provided primarily for the sake of documentation. Implementations need not necessarily include this module itself. Therefore, you should not depend on the result of is_a?(Geometry)
to check type. Instead, use the provided check_type class method (or === operator) defined in the Type module.
Some implementations may support higher dimensional objects or coordinate systems, despite the limits of the SFS.
Forms of equivalence
The Geometry model defines three forms of equivalence.
-
Spatial equivalence is the weakest form of equivalence, indicating that the objects represent the same region of space, but may be different representations of that region. For example, POINT(0 0) and a MULTIPOINT(0 0) are spatially equivalent, as are LINESTRING(0 0, 10 10) and GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POINT(0 0), LINESTRING(0 0, 10 10, 0 0)). As a general rule, objects must have factories that are Factory#eql? in order to be spatially equivalent.
-
Representational equivalence is a stronger form, indicating that the objects have the same representation, but may be different objects. All representationally equivalent objects are spatially equivalent, but not all spatially equivalent objects are representationally equivalent. For example, none of the examples in the spatial equivalence section above are representationally equivalent. However, two separate objects that both represent POINT(1 2) are representationally equivalent as well as spatially equivalent.
-
Objective equivalence is the strongest form, indicating that the references refer to the same object. Of course, all pairs of references with the same objective identity are also both representationally and spatially equivalent.
Different methods test for different types of equivalence:
-
equals?
and==
test for spatial equivalence. -
rep_equals?
andeql?
test for representational equivalence. -
equal?
tests for objective equivalence.
All ruby objects must provide a suitable test for objective equivalence. Normally, this is simply provided by the Ruby Object base class. Geometry implementations should normally also provide tests for representational and spatial equivalence, if possible. The ==
operator and the eql?
method are standard Ruby methods that are often expected to be usable for every object. Therefore, if an implementation cannot provide a suitable test for their equivalence types, they must degrade to use a stronger form of equivalence.
Instance Method Summary collapse
-
#*(rhs) ⇒ Object
If the given rhs is a geometry object, this operator must behave the same as the intersection method.
-
#+(rhs) ⇒ Object
If the given rhs is a geometry object, this operator must behave the same as the union method.
-
#-(rhs) ⇒ Object
If the given rhs is a geometry object, this operator must behave the same as the difference method.
-
#==(rhs) ⇒ Object
This operator should behave almost the same as the equals? method, with two key differences.
-
#as_binary ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#as_text ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#boundary ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#buffer(_distance_) ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#contains?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#convex_hull ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#crosses?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#difference(another_geometry) ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#dimension ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#disjoint?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#distance(another_geometry) ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#envelope ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#eql?(rhs) ⇒ Boolean
This method should behave almost the same as the rep_equals? method, with two key differences.
-
#equals?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#factory ⇒ Object
Returns a factory for creating features related to this one.
-
#geometry_type ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#intersection(another_geometry) ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#intersects?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#is_empty? ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#is_simple? ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#overlaps?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#relate?(another_geometry, _intersection_pattern_matrix_) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#rep_equals?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
Returns true if this geometric object is representationally equivalent to the given object.
-
#srid ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#sym_difference(another_geometry) ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#touches?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#unary_union ⇒ Object
Unions a collection of Geometry or a single Geometry (which may be a collection) together.
-
#union(another_geometry) ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description.
-
#within?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description.
Methods included from Type
add_subtype, check_type, each_immediate_subtype, extended, subtype_of?, supertype, type_name
Instance Method Details
#*(rhs) ⇒ Object
If the given rhs is a geometry object, this operator must behave the same as the intersection method. The behavior for other rhs types is not specified; an implementation may choose to provide additional capabilities as appropriate.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 632 def *(rhs) intersection(rhs) end |
#+(rhs) ⇒ Object
If the given rhs is a geometry object, this operator must behave the same as the union method. The behavior for other rhs types is not specified; an implementation may choose to provide additional capabilities as appropriate.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 623 def +(rhs) union(rhs) end |
#-(rhs) ⇒ Object
If the given rhs is a geometry object, this operator must behave the same as the difference method. The behavior for other rhs types is not specified; an implementation may choose to provide additional capabilities as appropriate.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 614 def -(rhs) difference(rhs) end |
#==(rhs) ⇒ Object
This operator should behave almost the same as the equals? method, with two key differences.
First, the == operator is required to handle rhs values that are not geometry objects (returning false in such cases) in order to fulfill the standard Ruby contract for the == operator, whereas the equals? method may assume that any rhs is a geometry.
Second, the == operator should always be defined. That is, it should never raise Error::UnsupportedOperation. In cases where the underlying implementation cannot provide a spatial equivalence test, the == operator must fall back on representational or objective equivalence.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 597 def ==(rhs) if rhs.is_a?(RGeo::Feature::Instance) begin equals?(rhs) rescue Error::UnsupportedOperation eql?(rhs) end else false end end |
#as_binary ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description
Exports this geometric object to a specific Well-known Binary Representation of Geometry.
Notes
Returns a binary string.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 179 def as_binary raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#as_binary not defined." end |
#as_text ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description
Exports this geometric object to a specific Well-known Text Representation of Geometry.
Notes
Returns an ASCII string.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 166 def as_text raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#as_text not defined." end |
#boundary ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns the closure of the combinatorial boundary of this geometric object. Because the result of this function is a closure, and hence topologically closed, the resulting boundary can be represented using representational Geometry primitives.
Notes
Returns an object that supports the Geometry interface.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 226 def boundary raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#boundary not defined." end |
#buffer(_distance_) ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns a geometric object that represents all Points whose distance from this geometric object is less than or equal to distance. Calculations are in the spatial reference system of this geometric object.
Notes
Returns an object that supports the Geometry interface.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 438 def buffer(_distance_) raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#buffer not defined." end |
#contains?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns true if this geometric object “spatially contains” another_geometry.
Notes
Returns a boolean value. Note that this is different from the SFS specification, which stipulates an integer return value.
Although implementations are free to attempt to handle another_geometry values that do not share the same factory as this geometry, strictly speaking, the result of comparing objects from different factories is undefined.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 359 def contains?(another_geometry) raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#contains? not defined." end |
#convex_hull ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns a geometric object that represents the convex hull of this geometric object.
Notes
Returns an object that supports the Geometry interface.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 451 def convex_hull raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#convex_hull not defined." end |
#crosses?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns true if this geometric object “spatially crosses” another_geometry.
Notes
Returns a boolean value. Note that this is different from the SFS specification, which stipulates an integer return value.
Although implementations are free to attempt to handle another_geometry values that do not share the same factory as this geometry, strictly speaking, the result of comparing objects from different factories is undefined.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 321 def crosses?(another_geometry) raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#crosses? not defined." end |
#difference(another_geometry) ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns a geometric object that represents the Point set difference of this geometric object with another_geometry.
Notes
Returns an object that supports the Geometry interface.
Although implementations are free to attempt to handle another_geometry values that do not share the same factory as this geometry, strictly speaking, the result of performing operations on objects from different factories is undefined.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 505 def difference(another_geometry) raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#difference not defined." end |
#dimension ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description
The inherent dimension of this geometric object, which must be less than or equal to the coordinate dimension. This specification is restricted to geometries in 2-dimensional coordinate space.
Notes
Returns an integer. This value is -1 for an empty geometry, 0 for point geometries, 1 for curves, and 2 for surfaces.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 107 def dimension raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#dimension not defined." end |
#disjoint?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns true if this geometric object is “spatially disjoint” from another_geometry.
Notes
Returns a boolean value. Note that this is different from the SFS specification, which stipulates an integer return value.
Although implementations are free to attempt to handle another_geometry values that do not share the same factory as this geometry, strictly speaking, the result of comparing objects from different factories is undefined.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 264 def disjoint?(another_geometry) raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#disjoint? not defined." end |
#distance(another_geometry) ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns the shortest distance between any two Points in the two geometric objects as calculated in the spatial reference system of this geometric object.
Notes
Returns a floating-point scalar value.
Although implementations are free to attempt to handle another_geometry values that do not share the same factory as this geometry, strictly speaking, the result of measuring the distance between objects from different factories is undefined.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 423 def distance(another_geometry) raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#distance not defined." end |
#envelope ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description
The minimum bounding box for this Geometry, returned as a Geometry. The polygon is defined by the corner points of the bounding box [(MINX, MINY), (MAXX, MINY), (MAXX, MAXY), (MINX, MAXY), (MINX, MINY)].
Notes
Returns an object that supports the Geometry interface.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 153 def envelope raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#envelope not defined." end |
#eql?(rhs) ⇒ Boolean
This method should behave almost the same as the rep_equals? method, with two key differences.
First, the eql?
method is required to handle rhs values that are not geometry objects (returning false in such cases) in order to fulfill the standard Ruby contract for the method, whereas the rep_equals? method may assume that any rhs is a geometry.
Second, the eql?
method should always be defined. That is, it should never raise Error::UnsupportedOperation. In cases where the underlying implementation cannot provide a representational equivalence test, this method must fall back on objective equivalence.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 571 def eql?(rhs) if rhs.is_a?(RGeo::Feature::Instance) begin rep_equals?(rhs) rescue Error::UnsupportedOperation equal?(rhs) end else false end end |
#equals?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns true if this geometric object is “spatially equal” to another_geometry.
Notes
Returns a boolean value. Note that this is different from the SFS specification, which stipulates an integer return value.
Although implementations are free to attempt to handle another_geometry values that do not share the same factory as this geometry, strictly speaking, the result of comparing objects from different factories is undefined.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 245 def equals?(another_geometry) raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#equals? not defined." end |
#factory ⇒ Object
Returns a factory for creating features related to this one. This does not necessarily need to be the same factory that created this object, but it should create objects that are “compatible” with this one. (i.e. they should be in the same spatial reference system by default, and it should be possible to perform relational operations on them.)
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 92 def factory raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#factory not defined." end |
#geometry_type ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns the instantiable subtype of Geometry of which this geometric object is an instantiable member.
Notes
Returns one of the type modules in RGeo::Feature. e.g. a point object would return RGeo::Feature::Point. Note that this is different from the SFS specification, which stipulates that the string name of the type is returned. To obtain the name string, call the type_name
method of the returned module.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 124 def geometry_type raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#geometry_type not defined." end |
#intersection(another_geometry) ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns a geometric object that represents the Point set intersection of this geometric object with another_geometry.
Notes
Returns an object that supports the Geometry interface.
Although implementations are free to attempt to handle another_geometry values that do not share the same factory as this geometry, strictly speaking, the result of performing operations on objects from different factories is undefined.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 469 def intersection(another_geometry) raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#intersection not defined." end |
#intersects?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns true if this geometric object “spatially intersects” another_geometry.
Notes
Returns a boolean value. Note that this is different from the SFS specification, which stipulates an integer return value.
Although implementations are free to attempt to handle another_geometry values that do not share the same factory as this geometry, strictly speaking, the result of comparing objects from different factories is undefined.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 283 def intersects?(another_geometry) raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#intersects? not defined." end |
#is_empty? ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns true if this geometric object is the empty Geometry. If true, then this geometric object represents the empty point set for the coordinate space.
Notes
Returns a boolean value. Note that this is different from the SFS specification, which stipulates an integer return value.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 194 def is_empty? raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#is_empty? not defined." end |
#is_simple? ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns true if this geometric object has no anomalous geometric points, such as self intersection or self tangency. The description of each instantiable geometric class will include the specific conditions that cause an instance of that class to be classified as not simple.
Notes
Returns a boolean value. Note that this is different from the SFS specification, which stipulates an integer return value.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 211 def is_simple? raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#is_simple? not defined." end |
#overlaps?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns true if this geometric object “spatially overlaps” another_geometry.
Notes
Returns a boolean value. Note that this is different from the SFS specification, which stipulates an integer return value.
Although implementations are free to attempt to handle another_geometry values that do not share the same factory as this geometry, strictly speaking, the result of comparing objects from different factories is undefined.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 378 def overlaps?(another_geometry) raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#overlaps? not defined." end |
#relate?(another_geometry, _intersection_pattern_matrix_) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns true if this geometric object is spatially related to another_geometry by testing for intersections between the interior, boundary and exterior of the two geometric objects as specified by the values in the intersection_pattern_matrix.
Notes
The intersection_pattern_matrix is provided as a nine-character string in row-major order, representing the dimensionalities of the different intersections in the DE-9IM. Supported characters include T, F, *, 0, 1, and 2.
Returns a boolean value. Note that this is different from the SFS specification, which stipulates an integer return value.
Although implementations are free to attempt to handle another_geometry values that do not share the same factory as this geometry, strictly speaking, the result of comparing objects from different factories is undefined.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 404 def relate?(another_geometry, _intersection_pattern_matrix_) raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#relate not defined." end |
#rep_equals?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
Returns true if this geometric object is representationally equivalent to the given object.
Although implementations are free to attempt to handle another_geometry values that do not share the same factory as this geometry, strictly speaking, the result of comparing objects from different factories is undefined.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 535 def rep_equals?(another_geometry) raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#rep_equals? not defined." end |
#srid ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns the Spatial Reference System ID for this geometric object.
Notes
Returns an integer.
This will normally be a foreign key to an index of reference systems stored in either the same or some other datastore.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 139 def srid raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#srid not defined." end |
#sym_difference(another_geometry) ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns a geometric object that represents the Point set symmetric difference of this geometric object with another_geometry.
Notes
Returns an object that supports the Geometry interface.
Although implementations are free to attempt to handle another_geometry values that do not share the same factory as this geometry, strictly speaking, the result of performing operations on objects from different factories is undefined.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 523 def sym_difference(another_geometry) raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#sym_difference not defined." end |
#touches?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns true if this geometric object “spatially touches” another_geometry.
Notes
Returns a boolean value. Note that this is different from the SFS specification, which stipulates an integer return value.
Although implementations are free to attempt to handle another_geometry values that do not share the same factory as this geometry, strictly speaking, the result of comparing objects from different factories is undefined.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 302 def touches?(another_geometry) raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#touches? not defined." end |
#unary_union ⇒ Object
Unions a collection of Geometry or a single Geometry (which may be a collection) together. By using this special-purpose operation over a collection of geometries it is possible to take advantage of various optimizations to improve performance. Heterogeneous GeometryCollections are fully supported.
This is not a standard SFS method, but when it is available in GEOS, it is a very performant way to union all the geometries in a collection. GEOS version 3.3 or greater is required. If the feature is not available, unary_union returns nil.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 552 def unary_union raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#unary_union not defined." end |
#union(another_geometry) ⇒ Object
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns a geometric object that represents the Point set union of this geometric object with another_geometry.
Notes
Returns an object that supports the Geometry interface.
Although implementations are free to attempt to handle another_geometry values that do not share the same factory as this geometry, strictly speaking, the result of performing operations on objects from different factories is undefined.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 487 def union(another_geometry) raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#union not defined." end |
#within?(another_geometry) ⇒ Boolean
SFS 1.1 Description
Returns true if this geometric object is “spatially within” another_geometry.
Notes
Returns a boolean value. Note that this is different from the SFS specification, which stipulates an integer return value.
Although implementations are free to attempt to handle another_geometry values that do not share the same factory as this geometry, strictly speaking, the result of comparing objects from different factories is undefined.
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# File 'lib/rgeo/feature/geometry.rb', line 340 def within?(another_geometry) raise Error::UnsupportedOperation, "Method Geometry#within? not defined." end |