Class: Playwright::Locator

Inherits:
PlaywrightApi show all
Defined in:
lib/playwright_api/locator.rb

Overview

Locators are the central piece of Playwright’s auto-waiting and retry-ability. In a nutshell, locators represent a way to find element(s) on the page at any moment. A locator can be created with the [‘method: Page.locator`] method.

[Learn more about locators](../locators.md).

Instance Method Summary collapse

Methods inherited from PlaywrightApi

#initialize, unwrap, wrap

Constructor Details

This class inherits a constructor from Playwright::PlaywrightApi

Instance Method Details

#all ⇒ Object

When the locator points to a list of elements, this returns an array of locators, pointing to their respective elements.

NOTE: [‘method: Locator.all`] does not wait for elements to match the locator, and instead immediately returns whatever is present in the page.

When the list of elements changes dynamically, [‘method: Locator.all`] will produce unpredictable and flaky results.

When the list of elements is stable, but loaded dynamically, wait for the full list to finish loading before calling [‘method: Locator.all`].

Usage

“‘python sync for li in page.get_by_role(’listitem’).all():

li.click();

“‘



24
25
26
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 24

def all
  wrap_impl(@impl.all)
end

#all_inner_texts ⇒ Object

Returns an array of ‘node.innerText` values for all matching nodes.

NOTE: If you need to assert text on the page, prefer [‘method: LocatorAssertions.toHaveText`] with `useInnerText` option to avoid flakiness. See [assertions guide](../test-assertions.md) for more details.

Usage

“‘python sync texts = page.get_by_role(“link”).all_inner_texts() “`



38
39
40
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 38

def all_inner_texts
  wrap_impl(@impl.all_inner_texts)
end

#all_text_contents ⇒ Object

Returns an array of ‘node.textContent` values for all matching nodes.

NOTE: If you need to assert text on the page, prefer [‘method: LocatorAssertions.toHaveText`] to avoid flakiness. See [assertions guide](../test-assertions.md) for more details.

Usage

“‘python sync texts = page.get_by_role(“link”).all_text_contents() “`



52
53
54
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 52

def all_text_contents
  wrap_impl(@impl.all_text_contents)
end

#and(locator) ⇒ Object

Creates a locator that matches both this locator and the argument locator.

Usage

The following example finds a button with a specific title.

“‘python sync button = page.get_by_role(“button”).and_(page.getByTitle(“Subscribe”)) “`



66
67
68
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 66

def and(locator)
  wrap_impl(@impl.and(unwrap_impl(locator)))
end

#blur(timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Calls [blur](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLElement/blur) on the element.



72
73
74
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 72

def blur(timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.blur(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#bounding_box(timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

This method returns the bounding box of the element matching the locator, or ‘null` if the element is not visible. The bounding box is calculated relative to the main frame viewport - which is usually the same as the browser window.

Details

Scrolling affects the returned bounding box, similarly to [Element.getBoundingClientRect](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Element/getBoundingClientRect). That means ‘x` and/or `y` may be negative.

Elements from child frames return the bounding box relative to the main frame, unlike the [Element.getBoundingClientRect](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Element/getBoundingClientRect).

Assuming the page is static, it is safe to use bounding box coordinates to perform input. For example, the following snippet should click the center of the element.

Usage

“‘python sync box = page.get_by_role(“button”).bounding_box() page.mouse.click(box + box / 2, box + box / 2) “`



98
99
100
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 98

def bounding_box(timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.bounding_box(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#check(force: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, position: nil, timeout: nil, trial: nil) ⇒ Object

Ensure that checkbox or radio element is checked.

Details

Performs the following steps:

  1. Ensure that element is a checkbox or a radio input. If not, this method throws. If the element is already checked, this method returns immediately.

  2. Wait for [actionability](../actionability.md) checks on the element, unless ‘force` option is set.

  3. Scroll the element into view if needed.

  4. Use [‘property: Page.mouse`] to click in the center of the element.

  5. Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless ‘noWaitAfter` option is set.

  6. Ensure that the element is now checked. If not, this method throws.

If the element is detached from the DOM at any moment during the action, this method throws.

When all steps combined have not finished during the specified ‘timeout`, this method throws a `TimeoutError`. Passing zero timeout disables this.

Usage

“‘python sync page.get_by_role(“checkbox”).check() “`



125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 125

def check(
      force: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      position: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      trial: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.check(force: unwrap_impl(force), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), position: unwrap_impl(position), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), trial: unwrap_impl(trial)))
end

#checked?(timeout: nil) ⇒ Boolean

Returns whether the element is checked. Throws if the element is not a checkbox or radio input.

NOTE: If you need to assert that checkbox is checked, prefer [‘method: LocatorAssertions.toBeChecked`] to avoid flakiness. See [assertions guide](../test-assertions.md) for more details.

Usage

“‘python sync checked = page.get_by_role(“checkbox”).is_checked() “`

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


729
730
731
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 729

def checked?(timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.checked?(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#clear(force: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Clear the input field.

Details

This method waits for [actionability](../actionability.md) checks, focuses the element, clears it and triggers an ‘input` event after clearing.

If the target element is not an ‘<input>`, `<textarea>` or `[contenteditable]` element, this method throws an error. However, if the element is inside the `<label>` element that has an associated [control](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLLabelElement/control), the control will be cleared instead.

Usage

“‘python sync page.get_by_role(“textbox”).clear() “`



148
149
150
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 148

def clear(force: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.clear(force: unwrap_impl(force), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#click(button: nil, clickCount: nil, delay: nil, force: nil, modifiers: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, position: nil, timeout: nil, trial: nil) ⇒ Object

Click an element.

Details

This method clicks the element by performing the following steps:

  1. Wait for [actionability](../actionability.md) checks on the element, unless ‘force` option is set.

  2. Scroll the element into view if needed.

  3. Use [‘property: Page.mouse`] to click in the center of the element, or the specified `position`.

  4. Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless ‘noWaitAfter` option is set.

If the element is detached from the DOM at any moment during the action, this method throws.

When all steps combined have not finished during the specified ‘timeout`, this method throws a `TimeoutError`. Passing zero timeout disables this.

Usage

Click a button:

“‘python sync page.get_by_role(“button”).click() “`

Shift-right-click at a specific position on a canvas:

“‘python sync page.locator(“canvas”).click(

button="right", modifiers=["Shift"], position={"x": 23, "y": 32}

) “‘



183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 183

def click(
      button: nil,
      clickCount: nil,
      delay: nil,
      force: nil,
      modifiers: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      position: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      trial: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.click(button: unwrap_impl(button), clickCount: unwrap_impl(clickCount), delay: unwrap_impl(delay), force: unwrap_impl(force), modifiers: unwrap_impl(modifiers), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), position: unwrap_impl(position), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), trial: unwrap_impl(trial)))
end

#count ⇒ Object

Returns the number of elements matching the locator.

NOTE: If you need to assert the number of elements on the page, prefer [‘method: LocatorAssertions.toHaveCount`] to avoid flakiness. See [assertions guide](../test-assertions.md) for more details.

Usage

“‘python sync count = page.get_by_role(“listitem”).count() “`



206
207
208
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 206

def count
  wrap_impl(@impl.count)
end

#dblclick(button: nil, delay: nil, force: nil, modifiers: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, position: nil, timeout: nil, trial: nil) ⇒ Object

Double-click an element.

Details

This method double clicks the element by performing the following steps:

  1. Wait for [actionability](../actionability.md) checks on the element, unless ‘force` option is set.

  2. Scroll the element into view if needed.

  3. Use [‘property: Page.mouse`] to double click in the center of the element, or the specified `position`.

  4. Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless ‘noWaitAfter` option is set. Note that if the first click of the `dblclick()` triggers a navigation event, this method will throw.

If the element is detached from the DOM at any moment during the action, this method throws.

When all steps combined have not finished during the specified ‘timeout`, this method throws a `TimeoutError`. Passing zero timeout disables this.

NOTE: ‘element.dblclick()` dispatches two `click` events and a single `dblclick` event.



227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 227

def dblclick(
      button: nil,
      delay: nil,
      force: nil,
      modifiers: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      position: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      trial: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.dblclick(button: unwrap_impl(button), delay: unwrap_impl(delay), force: unwrap_impl(force), modifiers: unwrap_impl(modifiers), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), position: unwrap_impl(position), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), trial: unwrap_impl(trial)))
end

#disabled?(timeout: nil) ⇒ Boolean

Returns whether the element is disabled, the opposite of [enabled](../actionability.md#enabled).

NOTE: If you need to assert that an element is disabled, prefer [‘method: LocatorAssertions.toBeDisabled`] to avoid flakiness. See [assertions guide](../test-assertions.md) for more details.

Usage

“‘python sync disabled = page.get_by_role(“button”).is_disabled() “`

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


743
744
745
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 743

def disabled?(timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.disabled?(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#dispatch_event(type, eventInit: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Programmatically dispatch an event on the matching element.

Usage

“‘python sync locator.dispatch_event(“click”) “`

Details

The snippet above dispatches the ‘click` event on the element. Regardless of the visibility state of the element, `click` is dispatched. This is equivalent to calling [element.click()](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLElement/click).

Under the hood, it creates an instance of an event based on the given ‘type`, initializes it with `eventInit` properties and dispatches it on the element. Events are `composed`, `cancelable` and bubble by default.

Since ‘eventInit` is event-specific, please refer to the events documentation for the lists of initial properties:

You can also specify ‘JSHandle` as the property value if you want live objects to be passed into the event:

“‘python sync # note you can only create data_transfer in chromium and firefox data_transfer = page.evaluate_handle(“new DataTransfer()”) locator.dispatch_event(“#source”, “dragstart”, data_transfer) “`



278
279
280
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 278

def dispatch_event(type, eventInit: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.dispatch_event(unwrap_impl(type), eventInit: unwrap_impl(eventInit), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#drag_to(target, force: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, sourcePosition: nil, targetPosition: nil, timeout: nil, trial: nil) ⇒ Object

Drag the source element towards the target element and drop it.

Details

This method drags the locator to another target locator or target position. It will first move to the source element, perform a ‘mousedown`, then move to the target element or position and perform a `mouseup`.

Usage

“‘python sync source = page.locator(“#source”) target = page.locator(“#target”)

source.drag_to(target) # or specify exact positions relative to the top-left corners of the elements: source.drag_to(

target,
source_position={"x": 34, "y": 7},
target_position={"x": 10, "y": 20}

) “‘



305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 305

def drag_to(
      target,
      force: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      sourcePosition: nil,
      targetPosition: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      trial: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.drag_to(unwrap_impl(target), force: unwrap_impl(force), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), sourcePosition: unwrap_impl(sourcePosition), targetPosition: unwrap_impl(targetPosition), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), trial: unwrap_impl(trial)))
end

#editable?(timeout: nil) ⇒ Boolean

Returns whether the element is [editable](../actionability.md#editable).

NOTE: If you need to assert that an element is editable, prefer [‘method: LocatorAssertions.toBeEditable`] to avoid flakiness. See [assertions guide](../test-assertions.md) for more details.

Usage

“‘python sync editable = page.get_by_role(“textbox”).is_editable() “`

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


757
758
759
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 757

def editable?(timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.editable?(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#element_handle(timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Resolves given locator to the first matching DOM element. If there are no matching elements, waits for one. If multiple elements match the locator, throws.



318
319
320
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 318

def element_handle(timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.element_handle(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#element_handles ⇒ Object

Resolves given locator to all matching DOM elements. If there are no matching elements, returns an empty list.



324
325
326
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 324

def element_handles
  wrap_impl(@impl.element_handles)
end

#enabled?(timeout: nil) ⇒ Boolean

Returns whether the element is [enabled](../actionability.md#enabled).

NOTE: If you need to assert that an element is enabled, prefer [‘method: LocatorAssertions.toBeEnabled`] to avoid flakiness. See [assertions guide](../test-assertions.md) for more details.

Usage

“‘python sync enabled = page.get_by_role(“button”).is_enabled() “`

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


771
772
773
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 771

def enabled?(timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.enabled?(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#evaluate(expression, arg: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Execute JavaScript code in the page, taking the matching element as an argument.

Details

Returns the return value of ‘expression`, called with the matching element as a first argument, and `arg` as a second argument.

If ‘expression` returns a [Promise], this method will wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.

If ‘expression` throws or rejects, this method throws.

Usage

“‘python sync tweets = page.locator(“.tweet .retweets”) assert tweets.evaluate(“node => node.innerText”) == “10 retweets” “`



345
346
347
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 345

def evaluate(expression, arg: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.evaluate(unwrap_impl(expression), arg: unwrap_impl(arg), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#evaluate_all(expression, arg: nil) ⇒ Object

Execute JavaScript code in the page, taking all matching elements as an argument.

Details

Returns the return value of ‘expression`, called with an array of all matching elements as a first argument, and `arg` as a second argument.

If ‘expression` returns a [Promise], this method will wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.

If ‘expression` throws or rejects, this method throws.

Usage

“‘python sync locator = page.locator(“div”) more_than_ten = locator.evaluate_all(“(divs, min) => divs.length > min”, 10) “`



366
367
368
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 366

def evaluate_all(expression, arg: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.evaluate_all(unwrap_impl(expression), arg: unwrap_impl(arg)))
end

#evaluate_handle(expression, arg: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Execute JavaScript code in the page, taking the matching element as an argument, and return a ‘JSHandle` with the result.

Details

Returns the return value of ‘expression` as a`JSHandle`, called with the matching element as a first argument, and `arg` as a second argument.

The only difference between [‘method: Locator.evaluate`] and [`method: Locator.evaluateHandle`] is that [`method: Locator.evaluateHandle`] returns `JSHandle`.

If ‘expression` returns a [Promise], this method will wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.

If ‘expression` throws or rejects, this method throws.

See [‘method: Page.evaluateHandle`] for more details.



384
385
386
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 384

def evaluate_handle(expression, arg: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.evaluate_handle(unwrap_impl(expression), arg: unwrap_impl(arg), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#expect(expression, options) ⇒ Object 



1183
1184
1185
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 1183

def expect(expression, options)
  wrap_impl(@impl.expect(unwrap_impl(expression), unwrap_impl(options)))
end

#fill(value, force: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Set a value to the input field.

Usage

“‘python sync page.get_by_role(“textbox”).fill(“example value”) “`

Details

This method waits for [actionability](../actionability.md) checks, focuses the element, fills it and triggers an ‘input` event after filling. Note that you can pass an empty string to clear the input field.

If the target element is not an ‘<input>`, `<textarea>` or `[contenteditable]` element, this method throws an error. However, if the element is inside the `<label>` element that has an associated [control](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLLabelElement/control), the control will be filled instead.

To send fine-grained keyboard events, use [‘method: Locator.pressSequentially`].



404
405
406
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 404

def fill(value, force: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.fill(unwrap_impl(value), force: unwrap_impl(force), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#filter(has: nil, hasNot: nil, hasNotText: nil, hasText: nil) ⇒ Object

This method narrows existing locator according to the options, for example filters by text. It can be chained to filter multiple times.

Usage

“‘python sync row_locator = page.locator(“tr”) # … row_locator.filter(has_text=“text in column 1”).filter(

has=page.get_by_role("button", name="column 2 button")

).screenshot() “‘



421
422
423
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 421

def filter(has: nil, hasNot: nil, hasNotText: nil, hasText: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.filter(has: unwrap_impl(has), hasNot: unwrap_impl(hasNot), hasNotText: unwrap_impl(hasNotText), hasText: unwrap_impl(hasText)))
end

#first ⇒ Object

Returns locator to the first matching element.



427
428
429
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 427

def first
  wrap_impl(@impl.first)
end

#focus(timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Calls [focus](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLElement/focus) on the matching element.



433
434
435
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 433

def focus(timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.focus(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#frame_locator(selector) ⇒ Object

When working with iframes, you can create a frame locator that will enter the iframe and allow locating elements in that iframe:

Usage

“‘python sync locator = page.frame_locator(“iframe”).get_by_text(“Submit”) locator.click() “`



447
448
449
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 447

def frame_locator(selector)
  wrap_impl(@impl.frame_locator(unwrap_impl(selector)))
end

#get_attribute(name, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object Also known as: []

Returns the matching element’s attribute value.

NOTE: If you need to assert an element’s attribute, prefer [‘method: LocatorAssertions.toHaveAttribute`] to avoid flakiness. See [assertions guide](../test-assertions.md) for more details.



455
456
457
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 455

def get_attribute(name, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.get_attribute(unwrap_impl(name), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#get_by_alt_text(text, exact: nil) ⇒ Object

Allows locating elements by their alt text.

Usage

For example, this method will find the image by alt text “Playwright logo”:

“‘html <img alt=’Playwright logo’> “‘

“‘python sync page.get_by_alt_text(“Playwright logo”).click() “`



474
475
476
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 474

def get_by_alt_text(text, exact: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.get_by_alt_text(unwrap_impl(text), exact: unwrap_impl(exact)))
end

#get_by_label(text, exact: nil) ⇒ Object

Allows locating input elements by the text of the associated ‘<label>` or `aria-labelledby` element, or by the `aria-label` attribute.

Usage

For example, this method will find inputs by label “Username” and “Password” in the following DOM:

“‘html <input aria-label=“Username”> <label for=“password-input”>Password:</label> <input id=“password-input”> “`

“‘python sync page.get_by_label(“Username”).fill(“john”) page.get_by_label(“Password”).fill(“secret”) “`



495
496
497
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 495

def get_by_label(text, exact: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.get_by_label(unwrap_impl(text), exact: unwrap_impl(exact)))
end

#get_by_placeholder(text, exact: nil) ⇒ Object

Allows locating input elements by the placeholder text.

Usage

For example, consider the following DOM structure.

“‘html <input type=“email” placeholder=“[email protected]” /> “`

You can fill the input after locating it by the placeholder text:

“‘python sync page.get_by_placeholder(“[email protected]”).fill(“[email protected]”) “`



515
516
517
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 515

def get_by_placeholder(text, exact: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.get_by_placeholder(unwrap_impl(text), exact: unwrap_impl(exact)))
end

#get_by_role(role, checked: nil, disabled: nil, exact: nil, expanded: nil, includeHidden: nil, level: nil, name: nil, pressed: nil, selected: nil) ⇒ Object

Allows locating elements by their [ARIA role](www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-1.2/#roles), [ARIA attributes](www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-1.2/#aria-attributes) and [accessible name](w3c.github.io/accname/#dfn-accessible-name).

Usage

Consider the following DOM structure.

“‘html <h3>Sign up</h3> <label>

<input type="checkbox" /> Subscribe

</label> <br/> <button>Submit</button> “‘

You can locate each element by it’s implicit role:

“‘python sync expect(page.get_by_role(“heading”, name=“Sign up”)).to_be_visible()

page.get_by_role(“checkbox”, name=“Subscribe”).check()

page.get_by_role(“button”, name=re.compile(“submit”, re.IGNORECASE)).click() “‘

Details

Role selector **does not replace** accessibility audits and conformance tests, but rather gives early feedback about the ARIA guidelines.

Many html elements have an implicitly [defined role](w3c.github.io/html-aam/#html-element-role-mappings) that is recognized by the role selector. You can find all the [supported roles here](www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-1.2/#role_definitions). ARIA guidelines **do not recommend** duplicating implicit roles and attributes by setting ‘role` and/or `aria-*` attributes to default values.



550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 550

def get_by_role(
      role,
      checked: nil,
      disabled: nil,
      exact: nil,
      expanded: nil,
      includeHidden: nil,
      level: nil,
      name: nil,
      pressed: nil,
      selected: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.get_by_role(unwrap_impl(role), checked: unwrap_impl(checked), disabled: unwrap_impl(disabled), exact: unwrap_impl(exact), expanded: unwrap_impl(expanded), includeHidden: unwrap_impl(includeHidden), level: unwrap_impl(level), name: unwrap_impl(name), pressed: unwrap_impl(pressed), selected: unwrap_impl(selected)))
end

#get_by_test_id(testId) ⇒ Object

Locate element by the test id.

Usage

Consider the following DOM structure.

“‘html <button data-testid=“directions”>Itinéraire</button> “`

You can locate the element by it’s test id:

“‘python sync page.get_by_test_id(“directions”).click() “`

Details

By default, the ‘data-testid` attribute is used as a test id. Use [`method: Selectors.setTestIdAttribute`] to configure a different test id attribute if necessary.



584
585
586
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 584

def get_by_test_id(testId)
  wrap_impl(@impl.get_by_test_id(unwrap_impl(testId)))
end

#get_by_text(text, exact: nil) ⇒ Object

Allows locating elements that contain given text.

See also [‘method: Locator.filter`] that allows to match by another criteria, like an accessible role, and then filter by the text content.

Usage

Consider the following DOM structure:

“‘html <div>Hello <span>world</span></div> <div>Hello</div> “`

You can locate by text substring, exact string, or a regular expression:

“‘python sync # Matches <span> page.get_by_text(“world”)

# Matches first <div> page.get_by_text(“Hello world”)

# Matches second <div> page.get_by_text(“Hello”, exact=True)

# Matches both <div>s page.get_by_text(re.compile(“Hello”))

# Matches second <div> page.get_by_text(re.compile(“^hello$”, re.IGNORECASE)) “‘

Details

Matching by text always normalizes whitespace, even with exact match. For example, it turns multiple spaces into one, turns line breaks into spaces and ignores leading and trailing whitespace.

Input elements of the type ‘button` and `submit` are matched by their `value` instead of the text content. For example, locating by text `“Log in”` matches `<input type=button value=“Log in”>`.



626
627
628
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 626

def get_by_text(text, exact: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.get_by_text(unwrap_impl(text), exact: unwrap_impl(exact)))
end

#get_by_title(text, exact: nil) ⇒ Object

Allows locating elements by their title attribute.

Usage

Consider the following DOM structure.

“‘html <span title=’Issues count’>25 issues</span> “‘

You can check the issues count after locating it by the title text:

“‘python sync expect(page.get_by_title(“Issues count”)).to_have_text(“25 issues”) “`



646
647
648
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 646

def get_by_title(text, exact: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.get_by_title(unwrap_impl(text), exact: unwrap_impl(exact)))
end

#hidden?(timeout: nil) ⇒ Boolean

Returns whether the element is hidden, the opposite of [visible](../actionability.md#visible).

NOTE: If you need to assert that element is hidden, prefer [‘method: LocatorAssertions.toBeHidden`] to avoid flakiness. See [assertions guide](../test-assertions.md) for more details.

Usage

“‘python sync hidden = page.get_by_role(“button”).is_hidden() “`

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


785
786
787
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 785

def hidden?(timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.hidden?(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#highlight ⇒ Object

Highlight the corresponding element(s) on the screen. Useful for debugging, don’t commit the code that uses [‘method: Locator.highlight`].



652
653
654
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 652

def highlight
  wrap_impl(@impl.highlight)
end

#hover(force: nil, modifiers: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, position: nil, timeout: nil, trial: nil) ⇒ Object

Hover over the matching element.

Usage

“‘python sync page.get_by_role(“link”).hover() “`

Details

This method hovers over the element by performing the following steps:

  1. Wait for [actionability](../actionability.md) checks on the element, unless ‘force` option is set.

  2. Scroll the element into view if needed.

  3. Use [‘property: Page.mouse`] to hover over the center of the element, or the specified `position`.

  4. Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless ‘noWaitAfter` option is set.

If the element is detached from the DOM at any moment during the action, this method throws.

When all steps combined have not finished during the specified ‘timeout`, this method throws a `TimeoutError`. Passing zero timeout disables this.



677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 677

def hover(
      force: nil,
      modifiers: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      position: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      trial: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.hover(force: unwrap_impl(force), modifiers: unwrap_impl(modifiers), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), position: unwrap_impl(position), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), trial: unwrap_impl(trial)))
end

#inner_html(timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns the [‘element.innerHTML`](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Element/innerHTML).



689
690
691
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 689

def inner_html(timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.inner_html(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#inner_text(timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns the [‘element.innerText`](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLElement/innerText).

NOTE: If you need to assert text on the page, prefer [‘method: LocatorAssertions.toHaveText`] with `useInnerText` option to avoid flakiness. See [assertions guide](../test-assertions.md) for more details.



697
698
699
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 697

def inner_text(timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.inner_text(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#input_value(timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns the value for the matching ‘<input>` or `<textarea>` or `<select>` element.

NOTE: If you need to assert input value, prefer [‘method: LocatorAssertions.toHaveValue`] to avoid flakiness. See [assertions guide](../test-assertions.md) for more details.

Usage

“‘python sync value = page.get_by_role(“textbox”).input_value() “`

Details

Throws elements that are not an input, textarea or a select. However, if the element is inside the ‘<label>` element that has an associated [control](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLLabelElement/control), returns the value of the control.



715
716
717
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 715

def input_value(timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.input_value(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#last ⇒ Object

Returns locator to the last matching element.

Usage

“‘python sync banana = page.get_by_role(“listitem”).last “`



811
812
813
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 811

def last
  wrap_impl(@impl.last)
end

#locator(selectorOrLocator, has: nil, hasNot: nil, hasNotText: nil, hasText: nil) ⇒ Object

The method finds an element matching the specified selector in the locator’s subtree. It also accepts filter options, similar to [‘method: Locator.filter`] method.

[Learn more about locators](../locators.md).



819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 819

def locator(
      selectorOrLocator,
      has: nil,
      hasNot: nil,
      hasNotText: nil,
      hasText: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.locator(unwrap_impl(selectorOrLocator), has: unwrap_impl(has), hasNot: unwrap_impl(hasNot), hasNotText: unwrap_impl(hasNotText), hasText: unwrap_impl(hasText)))
end

#nth(index) ⇒ Object

Returns locator to the n-th matching element. It’s zero based, ‘nth(0)` selects the first element.

Usage

“‘python sync banana = page.get_by_role(“listitem”).nth(2) “`



836
837
838
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 836

def nth(index)
  wrap_impl(@impl.nth(unwrap_impl(index)))
end

#or(locator) ⇒ Object

Creates a locator that matches either of the two locators.

Usage

Consider a scenario where you’d like to click on a “New email” button, but sometimes a security settings dialog shows up instead. In this case, you can wait for either a “New email” button, or a dialog and act accordingly.

“‘python sync new_email = page.get_by_role(“button”, name=“New”) dialog = page.get_by_text(“Confirm security settings”) expect(new_email.or_(dialog)).to_be_visible() if (dialog.is_visible()):

page.get_by_role("button", name="Dismiss").click()

new_email.click() “‘



855
856
857
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 855

def or(locator)
  wrap_impl(@impl.or(unwrap_impl(locator)))
end

#page ⇒ Object

A page this locator belongs to.



861
862
863
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 861

def page
  wrap_impl(@impl.page)
end

#press(key, delay: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Focuses the matching element and presses a combination of the keys.

Usage

“‘python sync page.get_by_role(“textbox”).press(“Backspace”) “`

Details

Focuses the element, and then uses [‘method: Keyboard.down`] and [`method: Keyboard.up`].

‘key` can specify the intended [keyboardEvent.key](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/KeyboardEvent/key) value or a single character to generate the text for. A superset of the `key` values can be found [here](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/KeyboardEvent/key/Key_Values). Examples of the keys are:

‘F1` - `F12`, `Digit0`- `Digit9`, `KeyA`- `KeyZ`, `Backquote`, `Minus`, `Equal`, `Backslash`, `Backspace`, `Tab`, `Delete`, `Escape`, `ArrowDown`, `End`, `Enter`, `Home`, `Insert`, `PageDown`, `PageUp`, `ArrowRight`, `ArrowUp`, etc.

Following modification shortcuts are also supported: ‘Shift`, `Control`, `Alt`, `Meta`, `ShiftLeft`.

Holding down ‘Shift` will type the text that corresponds to the `key` in the upper case.

If ‘key` is a single character, it is case-sensitive, so the values `a` and `A` will generate different respective texts.

Shortcuts such as ‘key: “Control+o”`, `key: “Control++` or `key: ”Control+Shift+T“` are supported as well. When specified with the modifier, modifier is pressed and being held while the subsequent key is being pressed.



895
896
897
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 895

def press(key, delay: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.press(unwrap_impl(key), delay: unwrap_impl(delay), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#press_sequentially(text, delay: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

NOTE: In most cases, you should use [‘method: Locator.fill`] instead. You only need to press keys one by one if there is special keyboard handling on the page.

Focuses the element, and then sends a ‘keydown`, `keypress`/`input`, and `keyup` event for each character in the text.

To press a special key, like ‘Control` or `ArrowDown`, use [`method: Locator.press`].

Usage

“‘python sync locator.press_sequentially(“hello”) # types instantly locator.press_sequentially(“world”, delay=100) # types slower, like a user “`

An example of typing into a text field and then submitting the form:

“‘python sync locator = page.get_by_label(“Password”) locator.press_sequentially(“my password”) locator.press(“Enter”) “`



920
921
922
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 920

def press_sequentially(text, delay: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.press_sequentially(unwrap_impl(text), delay: unwrap_impl(delay), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#screenshot(animations: nil, caret: nil, mask: nil, maskColor: nil, omitBackground: nil, path: nil, quality: nil, scale: nil, style: nil, timeout: nil, type: nil) ⇒ Object

Take a screenshot of the element matching the locator.

Usage

“‘python sync page.get_by_role(“link”).screenshot() “`

Disable animations and save screenshot to a file:

“‘python sync page.get_by_role(“link”).screenshot(animations=“disabled”, path=“link.png”) “`

Details

This method captures a screenshot of the page, clipped to the size and position of a particular element matching the locator. If the element is covered by other elements, it will not be actually visible on the screenshot. If the element is a scrollable container, only the currently scrolled content will be visible on the screenshot.

This method waits for the [actionability](../actionability.md) checks, then scrolls element into view before taking a screenshot. If the element is detached from DOM, the method throws an error.

Returns the buffer with the captured screenshot.



947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 947

def screenshot(
      animations: nil,
      caret: nil,
      mask: nil,
      maskColor: nil,
      omitBackground: nil,
      path: nil,
      quality: nil,
      scale: nil,
      style: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      type: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.screenshot(animations: unwrap_impl(animations), caret: unwrap_impl(caret), mask: unwrap_impl(mask), maskColor: unwrap_impl(maskColor), omitBackground: unwrap_impl(omitBackground), path: unwrap_impl(path), quality: unwrap_impl(quality), scale: unwrap_impl(scale), style: unwrap_impl(style), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), type: unwrap_impl(type)))
end

#scroll_into_view_if_needed(timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

This method waits for [actionability](../actionability.md) checks, then tries to scroll element into view, unless it is completely visible as defined by [IntersectionObserver](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Intersection_Observer_API)‘s `ratio`.



966
967
968
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 966

def scroll_into_view_if_needed(timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.scroll_into_view_if_needed(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#select_option(element: nil, index: nil, value: nil, label: nil, force: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Selects option or options in ‘<select>`.

Details

This method waits for [actionability](../actionability.md) checks, waits until all specified options are present in the ‘<select>` element and selects these options.

If the target element is not a ‘<select>` element, this method throws an error. However, if the element is inside the `<label>` element that has an associated [control](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLLabelElement/control), the control will be used instead.

Returns the array of option values that have been successfully selected.

Triggers a ‘change` and `input` event once all the provided options have been selected.

Usage

“‘html <select multiple>

<option value="red">Red</div>
<option value="green">Green</div>
<option value="blue">Blue</div>

</select> “‘

“‘python sync # single selection matching the value or label element.select_option(“blue”) # single selection matching the label element.select_option(label=“blue”) # multiple selection for blue, red and second option element.select_option(value=[“red”, “green”, “blue”]) “`



1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 1001

def select_option(
      element: nil,
      index: nil,
      value: nil,
      label: nil,
      force: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.select_option(element: unwrap_impl(element), index: unwrap_impl(index), value: unwrap_impl(value), label: unwrap_impl(label), force: unwrap_impl(force), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#select_text(force: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

This method waits for [actionability](../actionability.md) checks, then focuses the element and selects all its text content.

If the element is inside the ‘<label>` element that has an associated [control](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLLabelElement/control), focuses and selects text in the control instead.



1017
1018
1019
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 1017

def select_text(force: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.select_text(force: unwrap_impl(force), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#set_checked(checked, force: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, position: nil, timeout: nil, trial: nil) ⇒ Object Also known as: checked=

Set the state of a checkbox or a radio element.

Usage

“‘python sync page.get_by_role(“checkbox”).set_checked(True) “`

Details

This method checks or unchecks an element by performing the following steps:

  1. Ensure that matched element is a checkbox or a radio input. If not, this method throws.

  2. If the element already has the right checked state, this method returns immediately.

  3. Wait for [actionability](../actionability.md) checks on the matched element, unless ‘force` option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried.

  4. Scroll the element into view if needed.

  5. Use [‘property: Page.mouse`] to click in the center of the element.

  6. Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless ‘noWaitAfter` option is set.

  7. Ensure that the element is now checked or unchecked. If not, this method throws.

When all steps combined have not finished during the specified ‘timeout`, this method throws a `TimeoutError`. Passing zero timeout disables this.



1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 1043

def set_checked(
      checked,
      force: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      position: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      trial: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.set_checked(unwrap_impl(checked), force: unwrap_impl(force), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), position: unwrap_impl(position), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), trial: unwrap_impl(trial)))
end

#set_input_files(files, noWaitAfter: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object Also known as: input_files=

Upload file or multiple files into ‘<input type=file>`.

Usage

“‘python sync # Select one file page.get_by_label(“Upload file”).set_input_files(’myfile.pdf’)

# Select multiple files page.get_by_label(“Upload files”).set_input_files([‘file1.txt’, ‘file2.txt’])

# Remove all the selected files page.get_by_label(“Upload file”).set_input_files([])

# Upload buffer from memory page.get_by_label(“Upload file”).set_input_files(

files=[
    {"name": "test.txt", "mimeType": "text/plain", "buffer": b"this is a test"}
],

) “‘

Details

Sets the value of the file input to these file paths or files. If some of the ‘filePaths` are relative paths, then they are resolved relative to the current working directory. For empty array, clears the selected files.

This method expects ‘Locator` to point to an [input element](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/input). However, if the element is inside the `<label>` element that has an associated [control](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLLabelElement/control), targets the control instead.



1084
1085
1086
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 1084

def set_input_files(files, noWaitAfter: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.set_input_files(unwrap_impl(files), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#tap_point(force: nil, modifiers: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, position: nil, timeout: nil, trial: nil) ⇒ Object

Perform a tap gesture on the element matching the locator.

Details

This method taps the element by performing the following steps:

  1. Wait for [actionability](../actionability.md) checks on the element, unless ‘force` option is set.

  2. Scroll the element into view if needed.

  3. Use [‘property: Page.touchscreen`] to tap the center of the element, or the specified `position`.

  4. Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless ‘noWaitAfter` option is set.

If the element is detached from the DOM at any moment during the action, this method throws.

When all steps combined have not finished during the specified ‘timeout`, this method throws a `TimeoutError`. Passing zero timeout disables this.

NOTE: ‘element.tap()` requires that the `hasTouch` option of the browser context be set to true.



1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 1106

def tap_point(
      force: nil,
      modifiers: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      position: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      trial: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.tap_point(force: unwrap_impl(force), modifiers: unwrap_impl(modifiers), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), position: unwrap_impl(position), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), trial: unwrap_impl(trial)))
end

#text_content(timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns the [‘node.textContent`](developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Node/textContent).

NOTE: If you need to assert text on the page, prefer [‘method: LocatorAssertions.toHaveText`] to avoid flakiness. See [assertions guide](../test-assertions.md) for more details.



1120
1121
1122
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 1120

def text_content(timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.text_content(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#to_s ⇒ Object 



1188
1189
1190
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 1188

def to_s
  wrap_impl(@impl.to_s)
end

#type(text, delay: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Focuses the element, and then sends a ‘keydown`, `keypress`/`input`, and `keyup` event for each character in the text.

To press a special key, like ‘Control` or `ArrowDown`, use [`method: Locator.press`].

Usage



1130
1131
1132
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 1130

def type(text, delay: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.type(unwrap_impl(text), delay: unwrap_impl(delay), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#uncheck(force: nil, noWaitAfter: nil, position: nil, timeout: nil, trial: nil) ⇒ Object

Ensure that checkbox or radio element is unchecked.

Usage

“‘python sync page.get_by_role(“checkbox”).uncheck() “`

Details

This method unchecks the element by performing the following steps:

  1. Ensure that element is a checkbox or a radio input. If not, this method throws. If the element is already unchecked, this method returns immediately.

  2. Wait for [actionability](../actionability.md) checks on the element, unless ‘force` option is set.

  3. Scroll the element into view if needed.

  4. Use [‘property: Page.mouse`] to click in the center of the element.

  5. Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless ‘noWaitAfter` option is set.

  6. Ensure that the element is now unchecked. If not, this method throws.

If the element is detached from the DOM at any moment during the action, this method throws.

When all steps combined have not finished during the specified ‘timeout`, this method throws a `TimeoutError`. Passing zero timeout disables this.



1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 1157

def uncheck(
      force: nil,
      noWaitAfter: nil,
      position: nil,
      timeout: nil,
      trial: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.uncheck(force: unwrap_impl(force), noWaitAfter: unwrap_impl(noWaitAfter), position: unwrap_impl(position), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout), trial: unwrap_impl(trial)))
end

#visible?(timeout: nil) ⇒ Boolean

Returns whether the element is [visible](../actionability.md#visible).

NOTE: If you need to assert that element is visible, prefer [‘method: LocatorAssertions.toBeVisible`] to avoid flakiness. See [assertions guide](../test-assertions.md) for more details.

Usage

“‘python sync visible = page.get_by_role(“button”).is_visible() “`

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


799
800
801
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 799

def visible?(timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.visible?(timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end

#wait_for(state: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Returns when element specified by locator satisfies the ‘state` option.

If target element already satisfies the condition, the method returns immediately. Otherwise, waits for up to ‘timeout` milliseconds until the condition is met.

Usage

“‘python sync order_sent = page.locator(“#order-sent”) order_sent.wait_for() “`



1178
1179
1180
 
# File 'lib/playwright_api/locator.rb', line 1178

def wait_for(state: nil, timeout: nil)
  wrap_impl(@impl.wait_for(state: unwrap_impl(state), timeout: unwrap_impl(timeout)))
end