Module: NetAddr

Defined in:
lib/eui.rb,
lib/cidr.rb,
lib/tree.rb,
lib/ip_math.rb,
lib/methods.rb,
lib/netaddr.rb,
lib/cidr_shortcuts.rb,
lib/validation_shortcuts.rb

Defined Under Namespace

Classes: BoundaryError, CIDR, CIDRv4, CIDRv6, EUI, EUI48, EUI64, Tree, ValidationError, VersionError

Class Method Summary collapse

Class Method Details

.binary_mirror(num, bit_count) ⇒ Object

given an integer and number of bits to consider, return its binary mirror



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# File 'lib/ip_math.rb', line 9

def binary_mirror(num, bit_count)
    mirror = 0
    bit_count.times do # make mirror image of num by capturning lsb and left-shifting it onto mirror
        mirror = mirror << 1
        lsb = num & 1
        num = num >> 1
        mirror = mirror | lsb
    end
    return(mirror)
end

.bits_to_mask(netmask, version) ⇒ Object

convert a netmask (in bits) to an integer mask



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# File 'lib/ip_math.rb', line 23

def bits_to_mask(netmask,version)
    return(0) if (netmask == 0)
    all_f = 2**32-1
    all_f = 2**128-1 if (version == 6)
    return( all_f ^ (all_f >> netmask) )
end

.cidr_build(version, ip, netmask = nil, tag = {}, wildcard_mask = nil, wildcard_mask_bit_flipped = false) ⇒ Object

create either a CIDRv4 or CIDRv6 object



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# File 'lib/cidr_shortcuts.rb', line 8

def cidr_build(version, ip, netmask=nil, tag={}, wildcard_mask=nil, wildcard_mask_bit_flipped=false)
     return( NetAddr::CIDRv4.new(ip, netmask, tag, wildcard_mask, wildcard_mask_bit_flipped) ) if (version == 4)
     return( NetAddr::CIDRv6.new(ip, netmask, tag, wildcard_mask, wildcard_mask_bit_flipped) )
end

.cidr_compare(cidr1, cidr2) ⇒ Object

compare 2 CIDR objects

return:

  • 1 if the cidr1 contains cidr2

  • 0 if the cidr1 and cidr2 are equal

  • -1 if cidr1 is a subnet of cidr2

  • nil if the two are unrelated



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# File 'lib/cidr_shortcuts.rb', line 23

def cidr_compare(cidr1,cidr2)
    comparasin = nil
    if ( cidr1.to_i(:network) == cidr2.to_i(:network) )
        # same network, check netmask
        if (cidr1.to_i(:netmask) == cidr2.to_i(:netmask) )
            comparasin = 0
        elsif(cidr1.to_i(:netmask) < cidr2.to_i(:netmask))
            comparasin = 1
        elsif(cidr1.to_i(:netmask) > cidr2.to_i(:netmask))
            comparasin = -1
        end

    elsif( (cidr2.to_i(:network) | cidr1.to_i(:hostmask)) == (cidr1.to_i(:network) | cidr1.to_i(:hostmask)) )
        # cidr1 contains cidr2
        comparasin = 1

    elsif( (cidr2.to_i(:network) | cidr2.to_i(:hostmask)) == (cidr1.to_i(:network) | cidr2.to_i(:hostmask)) )
        # cidr2 contains cidr1
        comparasin = -1
    end

    return(comparasin)
end

.cidr_fill_in(supernet, list) ⇒ Object

Given a list of subnets of supernet, return a new list with any holes (missing subnets) filled in.



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# File 'lib/cidr_shortcuts.rb', line 73

def cidr_fill_in(supernet,list)
        # sort our cidr's and see what is missing
        complete_list = []
        expected = supernet.to_i(:network)
        all_f = supernet.all_f

        NetAddr.cidr_sort(list).each do |cidr|
            network = cidr.to_i(:network)
            bitstep = (all_f + 1) - cidr.to_i(:netmask)

            if (network > expected) # missing space at beginning of supernet, so fill in the hole
                num_ips_missing = network - expected
                sub_list = cidr_make_subnets_from_base_and_ip_count(supernet,expected,num_ips_missing)
                complete_list.concat(sub_list)
            elsif (network < expected)
                next
            end

            complete_list.push(cidr)
            expected = network + bitstep
        end

        # if expected is not the next subnet, then we're missing subnets
        # at the end of the cidr
        next_sub = supernet.next_subnet(:Objectify => true).to_i(:network)
        if (expected != next_sub)
            num_ips_missing = next_sub - expected
            sub_list = cidr_make_subnets_from_base_and_ip_count(supernet,expected,num_ips_missing)
            complete_list.concat(sub_list)
        end

        return(complete_list)
end

.cidr_find_in_list(cidr, list) ⇒ Object

evaluate cidr against list of cidrs.

return entry from list if entry is supernet of cidr (first matching entry) return index # of entry if entry is a duplicate of cidr return nil if no match found



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# File 'lib/cidr_shortcuts.rb', line 114

def cidr_find_in_list(cidr,list)
    return(nil) if (list.length == 0)

    match = nil
    low = 0
    high = list.length - 1
    index = low + ( (high-low)/2 )
    while ( low <= high)
        cmp = cidr_gt_lt(cidr,list[index])
        if ( cmp == -1 )
            high = index - 1

        elsif ( cmp == 1 )
            if (cidr_compare(cidr,list[index]) == -1)
                match = list[index]
                break
            end
            low = index + 1

        else
            match = index
            break
        end
        index = low + ( (high-low)/2 )
    end
    return(match)
end

.cidr_gt_lt(cidr1, cidr2) ⇒ Object

given a pair of CIDRs, determine if first is greater than or less than the second

return 1 if cidr1 > cidr2 return 0 if cidr1 == cidr2 return -1 if cidr1 < cidr2



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# File 'lib/cidr_shortcuts.rb', line 54

def cidr_gt_lt(cidr1,cidr2)
    gt_lt = 1
    if(cidr1.to_i(:network) < cidr2.to_i(:network))
        gt_lt = -1
    elsif (cidr1.to_i(:network) == cidr2.to_i(:network))
        if (cidr1.to_i(:netmask) < cidr2.to_i(:netmask))
            gt_lt = -1
        elsif (cidr1.to_i(:netmask) == cidr2.to_i(:netmask))
            gt_lt = 0
        end
    end

    return(gt_lt)
end

.cidr_make_subnets_from_base_and_ip_count(cidr, base_addr, ip_count) ⇒ Object

Make CIDR addresses from a base addr and an number of ip’s to encapsulate.

Arguments:

* cidr
* base ip as integer
* number of ip's required

Returns:

* array of NetAddr::CIDR objects



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# File 'lib/cidr_shortcuts.rb', line 153

def cidr_make_subnets_from_base_and_ip_count(cidr,base_addr,ip_count)
    list = []
    until (ip_count == 0)
        mask = cidr.all_f
        multiplier = 0
        bitstep = 0
        last_addr = base_addr
        done = false
        until (done == true)
            if (bitstep < ip_count && (base_addr & mask == last_addr & mask) )
                multiplier += 1
            elsif (bitstep > ip_count || (base_addr & mask != last_addr & mask) )
                multiplier -= 1
                done = true
            else
                done = true
            end
            bitstep = 2**multiplier
            mask = cidr.all_f << multiplier & cidr.all_f
            last_addr = base_addr + bitstep - 1
        end

        list.push(NetAddr.cidr_build(cidr.version,base_addr,mask))
        ip_count -= bitstep
        base_addr += bitstep
    end

    return(list)
end

.cidr_sort(list, desc = false) ⇒ Object

given a list of NetAddr::CIDRs, return them as a sorted list



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# File 'lib/cidr_shortcuts.rb', line 186

def cidr_sort(list, desc=false)
    # uses simple quicksort algorithm
    sorted_list = []
    if (list.length < 1)
        sorted_list = list
    else
        less_list = []
        greater_list = []
        equal_list = []
        pivot = list[rand(list.length)]
        if (desc)
            list.each do |x|
                if ( pivot.to_i(:network) < x.to_i(:network) )
                    less_list.push(x)
                elsif ( pivot.to_i(:network) > x.to_i(:network) )
                    greater_list.push(x)
                else
                    if ( pivot.to_i(:netmask) < x.to_i(:netmask) )
                        greater_list.push(x)
                    elsif ( pivot.to_i(:netmask) > x.to_i(:netmask) )
                        less_list.push(x)
                    else
                        equal_list.push(x)
                    end
                end
            end
        else
            list.each do |x|
                gt_lt = cidr_gt_lt(pivot,x)
                if (gt_lt == 1)
                    less_list.push(x)
                elsif (gt_lt == -1)
                    greater_list.push(x)
                else
                    equal_list.push(x)
                end
            end
        end

        sorted_list.concat( cidr_sort(less_list, desc) )
        sorted_list.concat(equal_list)
        sorted_list.concat( cidr_sort(greater_list, desc) )
    end

    return(sorted_list)
end

.cidr_summarize(subnet_list) ⇒ Object

given a list of NetAddr::CIDRs (of the same version) summarize them

return a hash, with the key = summary address and val = array of original cidrs



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# File 'lib/cidr_shortcuts.rb', line 238

def cidr_summarize(subnet_list)
    all_f = subnet_list[0].all_f
    version = subnet_list[0].version
    subnet_list = cidr_sort(subnet_list)

    # continue summarization attempts until sorted_list stops getting shorter
    sorted_list = subnet_list.dup
    sorted_list_len = sorted_list.length
    while (1)
        summarized_list = []
        until (sorted_list.length == 0)
            cidr = sorted_list.shift
            network, netmask = cidr.to_i(:network), cidr.to_i(:netmask)
            supermask = (netmask << 1) & all_f
            supernet = supermask & network

            if (network == supernet && sorted_list.length > 0)
                # network is lower half of supernet, so see if we have the upper half
                bitstep = (all_f + 1) - netmask
                expected = network + bitstep
                next_cidr = sorted_list.shift
                next_network, next_netmask = next_cidr.to_i(:network), next_cidr.to_i(:netmask)

                if ( (next_network == expected) && (next_netmask == netmask) )
                    # we do indeed have the upper half. store new supernet.
                    summarized_list.push( cidr_build(version,supernet,supermask) )
                else
                    # we do not have the upper half. put next_cidr back into sorted_list
                    # and store only the original network
                    sorted_list.unshift(next_cidr)
                    summarized_list.push(cidr)
                end
            else
                # network is upper half of supernet, so save original network only
                summarized_list.push(cidr)
            end

        end

        sorted_list = summarized_list.dup
        break if (sorted_list.length == sorted_list_len)
        sorted_list_len = sorted_list.length
    end

    # clean up summarized_list
    unique_list = {}
    summarized_list.reverse.each do |supernet|
        next if ( unique_list.has_key?(supernet.desc) )
        # remove duplicates
        unique_list[supernet.desc] = supernet

        # remove any summary blocks that are children of other summary blocks
        index = 0
        until (index >= summarized_list.length)
            subnet = summarized_list[index]
            if (subnet &&  cidr_compare(supernet,subnet) == 1 )
                unique_list.delete(subnet.desc)
            end
            index += 1
        end
    end
    summarized_list = unique_list.values

    # map original blocks to their summaries
    summarized_list.each do |supernet|
        supernet.tag[:Subnets] = []
        index = 0
        until (index >= subnet_list.length)
            subnet = subnet_list[index]
            if (subnet && cidr_compare(supernet,subnet) == 1 )
                subnet_list[index] = nil
                supernet.tag[:Subnets].push(subnet)
            end
            index += 1
        end
    end

    return( NetAddr.cidr_sort(summarized_list) )
end

.cidr_supernets(subnet_list) ⇒ Object

given a list of NetAddr::CIDRs (of the same version), return only the ‘top level’ blocks (i.e. blocks not contained by other blocks



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# File 'lib/cidr_shortcuts.rb', line 322

def cidr_supernets(subnet_list)
    summary_list = []
    subnet_list = netmask_sort(subnet_list)
    subnet_list.each do |child|
        is_parent = true
        summary_list.each do |parent|
            if (NetAddr.cidr_compare(parent,child) == 1)
                is_parent = false
                parent.tag[:Subnets].push(child)
            end
        end

        if (is_parent)
            child.tag[:Subnets] = []
            summary_list.push(child)
        end
    end

    return(summary_list)
end

.detect_ip_version(ip) ⇒ Object

determine the ip version from ip address string.

return 4, 6, or nil



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# File 'lib/ip_math.rb', line 35

def detect_ip_version(ip)
    version = nil
    if ( ip =~ /\./ && ip !~ /:/ )
        version = 4
    elsif (ip =~ /:/)
        version = 6
    else
        raise ValidationError, "Could not auto-detect IP version for '#{ip}'."
    end
    return(version)
end

.i_to_bits(netmask_int) ⇒ Object

Synopsis

Convert an Integer representing a binary netmask into an Integer representing the number of bits in that netmask.

Example: NetAddr.i_to_bits(0xfffffffe) => 31 NetAddr.i_to_bits(0xffffffffffffffff0000000000000000) => 64

Arguments:

  • netmask_int = Integer representing a binary netmask

Returns:

  • Integer

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) 


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# File 'lib/methods.rb', line 17

def i_to_bits(netmask_int)

    # validate netmask_int
    raise ArgumentError, "Integer expected for argument 'netmask_int', " +
                         "but #{netmask_int.class} provided." if (!netmask_int.kind_of?(Integer))    


    return( mask_to_bits(netmask_int) )
end

.i_to_ip(ip_int, options = nil) ⇒ Object

Synopsis

Convert an Integer into an IP address. This method will attempt to auto-detect the IP version if not provided, however, a slight speed increase is realized if version is provided.

Example: NetAddr.i_to_ip(3232235906) => “192.168.1.130” NetAddr.i_to_ip(0xffff0000000000000000000000000001, :Version => 6) => “ffff:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001”

Arguments:

  • ip_int = IP address as an Integer

  • options = Hash with the following keys:

    :Version -- IP version - Integer (optional)
:IPv4Mapped -- if true, unpack IPv6 as an IPv4 mapped address (optional)

Returns:

  • String

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) 


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# File 'lib/methods.rb', line 45

def i_to_ip(ip_int, options=nil)
    known_args = [:Version, :IPv4Mapped]
    ipv4_mapped = false
    version = nil

    # validate options
    if (options)
        raise ArgumentError, "Hash expected for argument 'options' but #{options.class} provided." if (!options.kind_of?(Hash))
        NetAddr.validate_args(options.keys,known_args)

        if (options.has_key?(:Version))
            version = options[:Version]
            if (version != 4 && version != 6)
                raise VersionError, ":Version should be 4 or 6, but was '#{version}'."
            end
        end

        if (options.has_key?(:IPv4Mapped) && options[:IPv4Mapped] == true)
            ipv4_mapped = true
        end
    end

    # validate & unpack
    raise ArgumentError, "Integer expected for argument 'ip_int', " +
                         "but #{ip_int.class} provided." if (!ip_int.kind_of?(Integer))
    version = validate_ip_int(ip_int, version)
    ip = ip_int_to_str(ip_int, version, ipv4_mapped)

    return(ip)
end

.ip_count_to_size(ipcount, version, extended = false) ⇒ Object

given an ip count, determine the most appropriate mask (in bits)



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# File 'lib/ip_math.rb', line 50

def ip_count_to_size(ipcount,version,extended=false)
    address_len = 32
    address_len = 128 if (version == 6 )

    if (ipcount > 2**address_len) 
        raise BoundaryError, "Required IP count exceeds number of IP addresses available " +
                             "for IPv#{version}."
    end

    bits_needed = 0
    until (2**bits_needed >= ipcount)
        bits_needed += 1
    end
    subnet_bits = address_len - bits_needed

    return( ip_int_to_str(bits_to_mask(subnet_bits, 4), 4) ) if (extended && version == 4)
    return(subnet_bits)
end

.ip_int_to_str(ip_int, version, ipv4_mapped = nil) ⇒ Object

unpack an int into an ip address string



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# File 'lib/ip_math.rb', line 72

def ip_int_to_str(ip_int, version, ipv4_mapped=nil)
    ip = nil
    version = 4 if (!version && ip_int < 2**32)
    if (version == 4)
        octets = []
        4.times do
            octet = ip_int & 0xFF
            octets.unshift(octet.to_s)
            ip_int = ip_int >> 8
        end
        ip = octets.join('.')
    else
        fields = []
        if (!ipv4_mapped)
            loop_count = 8
        else
            loop_count = 6
            ipv4_int = ip_int & 0xffffffff
            ipv4_addr = ip_int_to_str(ipv4_int, 4)
            fields.unshift(ipv4_addr)
            ip_int = ip_int >> 32
        end

        loop_count.times do 
            octet = ip_int & 0xFFFF
            octet = octet.to_s(16)
            ip_int = ip_int >> 16

            # if octet < 4 characters, then pad with 0's
            (4 - octet.length).times do
                octet = '0' << octet
            end
            fields.unshift(octet)
        end
        ip = fields.join(':')
    end
    return(ip)
end

.ip_str_to_int(ip, version) ⇒ Object

convert an ip string into an int



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# File 'lib/ip_math.rb', line 114

def ip_str_to_int(ip,version)
    ip_int = 0
    if ( version == 4)
        octets = ip.split('.')
        (0..3).each do |x|
            octet = octets.pop.to_i
            octet = octet << 8*x
            ip_int = ip_int | octet
        end

    else
        # if ipv4-mapped ipv6 addr
        if (ip =~ /\./)
            dotted_dec = true
        end

        # split up by ':'
        fields = []
        if (ip =~ /::/)
           shrthnd = ip.split( /::/ )
            if (shrthnd.length == 0)
                return(0)
            else
                first_half = shrthnd[0].split( /:/ ) if (shrthnd[0])
                sec_half = shrthnd[1].split( /:/ ) if (shrthnd[1])
                first_half = [] if (!first_half)
                sec_half = [] if (!sec_half)
            end
            missing_fields = 8 - first_half.length - sec_half.length
            missing_fields -= 1 if dotted_dec
            fields = fields.concat(first_half)
            missing_fields.times {fields.push('0')}
            fields = fields.concat(sec_half)

        else
           fields = ip.split(':')
        end

        if (dotted_dec)
            ipv4_addr = fields.pop
            ipv4_int = NetAddr.ip_to_i(ipv4_addr, :Version => 4)
            octets = []
            2.times do
                octet = ipv4_int & 0xFFFF
                octets.unshift(octet.to_s(16))
                ipv4_int = ipv4_int >> 16
            end
            fields.concat(octets)
        end

        # pack
        (0..7).each do |x|
            field = fields.pop.to_i(16)
            field = field << 16*x
            ip_int = ip_int | field
        end

   end
    return(ip_int)
end

.ip_to_i(ip, options = nil) ⇒ Object

Synopsis

Convert IP addresses into an Integer. This method will attempt to auto-detect the IP version if not provided, however a slight speed increase is realized if version is provided.

Example: NetAddr.ip_to_i(‘192.168.1.1’) => 3232235777 NetAddr.ip_to_i(‘ffff::1’, :Version => 6) => 340277174624079928635746076935438991361 NetAddr.ip_to_i(‘::192.168.1.1’) => 3232235777

Arguments:

  • ip = IP address as a String

  • options = Hash with the following keys:

    :Version -- IP version - Integer

Returns:

  • Integer



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# File 'lib/methods.rb', line 94

def ip_to_i(ip, options=nil)
    known_args = [:Version]
    to_validate = {}
    version = nil

    # validate options
    if (options)
        raise ArgumentError, "Hash expected for argument 'options' but #{options.class} provided." if (!options.kind_of?(Hash))
        validate_args(options.keys,known_args)

        if (options.has_key?(:Version))
            version = options[:Version]
            to_validate[:Version] = version
            if (version != 4 && version != 6)
                raise  VersionError, ":Version should be 4 or 6, but was '#{version}'."
            end
        end
    end

    if ( ip.kind_of?(String) )
        version = detect_ip_version(ip) if (!version)
        validate_ip_str(ip,version)
        ip_int = ip_str_to_int(ip,version)

    else
        raise ArgumentError, "String expected for argument 'ip' but #{ip.class} provided."
    end

    return(ip_int)
end

.mask_to_bits(netmask_int) ⇒ Object

convert integer into a cidr formatted netmask (bits)



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# File 'lib/ip_math.rb', line 178

def mask_to_bits(netmask_int)
    return(netmask_int) if (netmask_int == 0)

    mask = nil
    if (netmask_int < 2**32)
        mask = 32
        validate_netmask_int(netmask_int, 4, true)
    else
        mask = 128
        validate_netmask_int(netmask_int, 6, true)
    end

    mask.times do
        if ( (netmask_int & 1) == 1)
            break
        end
        netmask_int = netmask_int >> 1
        mask = mask - 1
    end
    return(mask)
end

.merge(list, options = nil) ⇒ Object

Synopsis

Given a list of CIDR addresses or NetAddr::CIDR objects, merge (summarize) them in the most efficient way possible. Summarization will only occur when the newly created supernets will not result in the ‘creation’ of new IP space. For example the following blocks (192.168.0.0/24, 192.168.1.0/24, and 192.168.2.0/24) would be summarized into 192.168.0.0/23 and 192.168.2.0/24 rather than into 192.168.0.0/22

I have designed this with enough flexibility so that you can pass in CIDR addresses that arent even related (ex. 192.168.1.0/26, 192.168.1.64/27, 192.168.1.96/27 10.1.0.0/26, 10.1.0.64/26) and they will be merged properly (ie 192.168.1.0/25, and 10.1.0.0/25 would be returned).

If the :Objectify option is enabled, then any summary addresses returned will contain the original CIDRs used to create them within the tag value :Subnets (ie. cidr_x.tag would be an Array of the CIDRs used to create cidr_x)

Example: cidr1 = NetAddr::CIDR.create(‘192.168.1.0/27’) cidr2 = NetAddr::CIDR.create(‘192.168.1.32/27’) NetAddr.merge() ip_net_range = NetAddr.range(‘192.168.35.0’,‘192.168.39.255’,:Inclusive => true, :Objectify => true) NetAddr.merge(ip_net_range, :Objectify => true)

Arguments:

  • list = Array of CIDR addresses as Strings, or an Array of NetAddr::CIDR objects

  • options = Hash with the following keys:

    :Objectify -- if true, return NetAddr::CIDR objects
:Short -- if true, return IPv6 addresses in short-hand notation

Returns:

  • Array of CIDR addresses or NetAddr::CIDR objects

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) 


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# File 'lib/methods.rb', line 159

def merge(list,options=nil)
    known_args = [:Objectify, :Short]
    short = false
    objectify = false
    verbose = false

    # validate list
    raise ArgumentError, "Array expected for argument 'list' but #{list.class} provided." if (!list.kind_of?(Array) )

    # validate options
    if (options)
        raise ArgumentError, "Hash expected for argument 'options' but #{options.class} provided." if (!options.kind_of?(Hash) )
        NetAddr.validate_args(options.keys,known_args)

        if (options.has_key?(:Objectify) && options[:Objectify] == true)
            objectify = true
        end

        if (options.has_key?(:Short) && options[:Short] == true)
            short = true 
        end
    end

    # make sure all are valid types of the same IP version
    v4_list = []
    v6_list = []
    list.each do |obj|
        if (!obj.kind_of?(NetAddr::CIDR))
            begin
                obj = NetAddr::CIDR.create(obj)
            rescue Exception => error
                raise ArgumentError, "One of the provided CIDR addresses raised the following " +
                                     "errors: #{error}"
            end
        end

        if (obj.version == 4)
            v4_list.push(obj)
        else
            v6_list.push(obj)
        end
    end

    # summarize
    v4_summary = []
    v6_summary = []
    if (v4_list.length != 0)
        v4_summary = NetAddr.cidr_summarize(v4_list)
    end

    if (v6_list.length != 0)
        v6_summary = NetAddr.cidr_summarize(v6_list)
    end

    # decide what to return
    summarized_list = []
    if (!objectify)
        summarized_list = []
        if (v4_summary.length != 0)
            v4_summary.each {|x| summarized_list.push(x.desc())}
        end

        if (v6_summary.length != 0)
            v6_summary.each {|x| summarized_list.push(x.desc(:Short => short))}
        end

    else
        summarized_list.concat(v4_summary) if (v4_summary.length != 0)
        summarized_list.concat(v6_summary) if (v6_summary.length != 0)
    end

    return(summarized_list)
end

.minimum_size(ipcount, options = nil) ⇒ Object

Synopsis

Given the number of IP addresses required in a subnet, return the minimum netmask (bits by default) required for that subnet. IP version is assumed to be 4 unless specified otherwise.

Example: NetAddr.minimum_size(14) => 28 NetAddr.minimum_size(65536, :Version => 6) => 112

Arguments:

  • ipcount = IP count as an Integer

  • options = Hash with the following keys:

    :Extended -- If true, then return the netmask, as a String, in extended format (IPv4 only y.y.y.y)
:Version -- IP version - Integer

Returns:

  • Integer or String

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) 


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# File 'lib/methods.rb', line 251

def minimum_size(ipcount, options=nil)
    version = 4
    extended = false
    known_args = [:Version, :Extended]

    # validate ipcount
    raise ArgumentError, "Integer expected for argument 'ipcount' but #{ipcount.class} provided." if (!ipcount.kind_of?(Integer))

    # validate options
    if (options)
        raise ArgumentError, "Hash expected for argument 'options' but #{options.class} provided." if (!options.kind_of?(Hash))

        NetAddr.validate_args(options.keys,known_args)

        if (options.has_key?(:Version))
            version = options[:Version]
        end

        if (options.has_key?(:Extended) && options[:Extended] == true)
            extended = true
        end
    end

    return( ip_count_to_size(ipcount,version,extended) )
end

.netmask_sort(list, desc = false) ⇒ Object

given a list of NetAddr::CIDRs, return them as a sorted (by netmask) list



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# File 'lib/cidr_shortcuts.rb', line 346

def netmask_sort(list, desc=false)
    # uses simple quicksort algorithm
    sorted_list = []
    if (list.length < 1)
        sorted_list = list
    else
        less_list = []
        greater_list = []
        equal_list = []
        pivot = list[rand(list.length)]
        if (desc)
            list.each do |x|
                if ( pivot.to_i(:netmask) < x.to_i(:netmask) )
                    less_list.push(x)
                elsif ( pivot.to_i(:netmask) > x.to_i(:netmask) )
                    greater_list.push(x)
                else
                    if ( pivot.to_i(:network) < x.to_i(:network) )
                        greater_list.push(x)
                    elsif ( pivot.to_i(:network) > x.to_i(:network) )
                        less_list.push(x)
                    else
                        equal_list.push(x)
                    end
                end
            end
        else
            list.each do |x|
                if ( pivot.to_i(:netmask) < x.to_i(:netmask) )
                    greater_list.push(x)
                elsif ( pivot.to_i(:netmask) > x.to_i(:netmask) )
                    less_list.push(x)
                else
                    if ( pivot.to_i(:network) < x.to_i(:network) )
                        greater_list.push(x)
                    elsif ( pivot.to_i(:network) > x.to_i(:network) )
                        less_list.push(x)
                    else
                        equal_list.push(x)
                    end
                end
            end
        end

        sorted_list.concat( netmask_sort(less_list, desc) )
        sorted_list.concat(equal_list)
        sorted_list.concat( netmask_sort(greater_list, desc) )
    end

    return(sorted_list)
end

.netmask_str_to_int(netmask, version) ⇒ Object

convert string into integer mask



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# File 'lib/ip_math.rb', line 203

def netmask_str_to_int(netmask,version)
    netmask_int = nil
    all_f = 2**32-1
    all_f = 2**128-1 if (version == 6)
    if(netmask =~ /\./)
        netmask_int = NetAddr.ip_to_i(netmask)
    else
        # remove '/' if present
        if (netmask =~ /^\// )
            netmask[0] = " "
            netmask.lstrip!
        end
        netmask = netmask.to_i
        netmask_int = all_f ^ (all_f >> netmask)
    end
    return(netmask_int)
end

.netmask_to_i(netmask, options = nil) ⇒ Object

Synopsis

Convert IP netmask into an Integer. Netmask may be in either CIDR (/yy) or extended (y.y.y.y) format. CIDR formatted netmasks may either be a String or an Integer. IP version defaults to 4. It may be necessary to specify the version if an IPv6 netmask of /32 or smaller is provided.

Example: NetAddr.netmask_to_i(‘255.255.255.0’) => 4294967040 NetAddr.netmask_to_i(‘24’) => 4294967040 NetAddr.netmask_to_i(24) => 4294967040 NetAddr.netmask_to_i(‘/24’) => 4294967040 NetAddr.netmask_to_i(‘32’, :Version => 6) => 340282366841710300949110269838224261120

Arguments

  • netmask = Netmask as a String or Integer

  • options = Hash with the following keys:

    :Version -- IP version - Integer

Returns:

  • Integer



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# File 'lib/methods.rb', line 299

def netmask_to_i(netmask, options=nil)
    known_args = [:Version]
    version = 4
    netmask_int = nil

    # validate options
    if (options)
        raise ArgumentError, "Hash expected for argument 'options' but #{options.class} provided." if (!options.kind_of?(Hash))
        NetAddr.validate_args(options.keys,known_args)

        if (options.has_key?(:Version))
            version = options[:Version]
            if (version != 4 && version != 6)
                raise VersionError, ":Version should be 4 or 6, but was '#{version}'."
            end
        end
    end

    if (netmask.kind_of?(String))
        validate_netmask_str(netmask, version)
        netmask_int = netmask_str_to_int(netmask,version)

    elsif (netmask.kind_of?(Integer))
        validate_netmask_int(netmask, version, true)
        netmask_int = bits_to_mask(netmask,version)

    else
        raise ArgumentError, "String or Integer expected for argument 'netmask', " +
                             "but #{netmask.class} provided." if (!netmask.kind_of?(Integer) && !netmask.kind_of?(String))
    end

    return(netmask_int)
end

.range(lower, upper, options = nil) ⇒ Object

Synopsis

Given two CIDR addresses or NetAddr::CIDR objects of the same version, return all IP addresses between them. NetAddr.range will use the original IP address passed during the initialization of the NetAddr::CIDR objects, or the IP address portion of any CIDR addresses passed. The default behavior is to be non-inclusive (don’t include boundaries as part of returned data).

Example: lower = NetAddr::CIDR.create(‘192.168.35.0’) upper = NetAddr::CIDR.create(‘192.168.39.255’) NetAddr.range(lower,upper, :Limit => 10, :Bitstep => 32) NetAddr.range(‘192.168.35.0’,‘192.168.39.255’, :Inclusive => true) NetAddr.range(‘192.168.35.0’,‘192.168.39.255’, :Inclusive => true, :Size => true)

Arguments:

  • lower = Lower boundary CIDR as a String or NetAddr::CIDR object

  • upper = Upper boundary CIDR as a String or NetAddr::CIDR object

  • options = Hash with the following keys:

    :Bitstep -- enumerate in X sized steps - Integer
:Inclusive -- if true, include boundaries in returned data
:Limit -- limit returned list to X number of items - Integer
:Objectify -- if true, return CIDR objects
:Short -- if true, return IPv6 addresses in short-hand notation
:Size -- if true, return the number of addresses in this range, but not the addresses themselves

Returns:

  • Array of Strings or NetAddr::CIDR objects, or an Integer

Note:

If you do not need all of the fancy options in this method, then please consider using the standard Ruby Range class as shown below.

Example: start = NetAddr::CIDR.create(‘192.168.1.0’) fin = NetAddr::CIDR.create(‘192.168.2.3’) (start..fin).each {|addr| puts addr.desc}



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# File 'lib/methods.rb', line 371

def range(lower, upper, options=nil)
    known_args = [:Bitstep, :Inclusive, :Limit, :Objectify, :Short, :Size]
    list = []
    bitstep = 1
    objectify = false
    short = false
    size_only = false
    inclusive = false
    limit = nil

    # if lower/upper are not CIDR objects, then attempt to create
    # cidr objects from them
    if ( !lower.kind_of?(NetAddr::CIDR) )
        begin
            lower = NetAddr::CIDR.create(lower)
        rescue Exception => error
            raise ArgumentError, "Argument 'lower' raised the following " +
                                 "errors: #{error}"
        end
    end

    if ( !upper.kind_of?(NetAddr::CIDR))
        begin
            upper = NetAddr::CIDR.create(upper)
        rescue Exception => error
            raise ArgumentError, "Argument 'upper' raised the following " +
                                 "errors: #{error}"
        end
    end

    # validate options
    if (options)
        raise ArgumentError, "Hash expected for argument 'options' but #{options.class} provided." if (!options.kind_of?(Hash))
        NetAddr.validate_args(options.keys,known_args)

        if( options.has_key?(:Bitstep) )
            bitstep = options[:Bitstep]
        end

        if( options.has_key?(:Objectify) && options[:Objectify] == true )
            objectify = true
        end

        if( options.has_key?(:Short) && options[:Short] == true )
            short = true 
        end

        if( options.has_key?(:Size) && options[:Size] == true )
            size_only = true 
        end

        if( options.has_key?(:Inclusive) && options[:Inclusive] == true )
            inclusive = true
        end

        if( options.has_key?(:Limit) )
            limit = options[:Limit]
        end
    end

    # check version, store & sort
    if (lower.version == upper.version)
        version = lower.version
        boundaries = [lower.to_i(:ip), upper.to_i(:ip)]
        boundaries.sort
    else
        raise VersionError, "Provided NetAddr::CIDR objects are of different IP versions."
    end

    # dump our range
    if (!inclusive)
        my_ip = boundaries[0] + 1
        end_ip = boundaries[1]
    else
        my_ip = boundaries[0]
        end_ip = boundaries[1] + 1
    end

    if (!size_only)
        until (my_ip >= end_ip) 
            if (!objectify)
                my_ip_s = ip_int_to_str(my_ip, version)
                my_ips = shorten(my_ips) if (short && version == 6)
                list.push(my_ip_s)
            else
                list.push( cidr_build(version,my_ip) )
            end

            my_ip = my_ip + bitstep
            if (limit)
                limit = limit - 1
                break if (limit == 0)
            end
        end
    else
        list = end_ip - my_ip
    end

    return(list)
end

.shorten(addr) ⇒ Object

Synopsis

Take a standard IPv6 address and format it in short-hand notation. The address should not contain a netmask.

Example: NetAddr.shorten(‘fec0:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001’) => “fec0::1”

Arguments:

  • addr = String

Returns:

  • String



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# File 'lib/methods.rb', line 486

def shorten(addr)

    # is this a string?
    if (!addr.kind_of? String)
        raise ArgumentError, "Expected String, but #{addr.class} provided."
    end

    validate_ip_str(addr, 6)

    # make sure this isnt already shorthand
    if (addr =~ /::/)
        return(addr)
    end

    # split into fields
    fields = addr.split(":")

    # check last field for ipv4-mapped addr
    if (fields.last() =~ /\./ )
        ipv4_mapped = fields.pop()
    end

    # look for most consecutive '0' fields
    start_field,end_field = nil,nil
    start_end = []
    consecutive,longest = 0,0

    (0..(fields.length-1)).each do |x|
        fields[x] = fields[x].to_i(16)

        if (fields[x] == 0)
            if (!start_field)
                start_field = x
                end_field = x
            else
                end_field = x
            end
            consecutive += 1
        else
            if (start_field)
                if (consecutive > longest)
                    longest = consecutive
                    start_end = [start_field,end_field]
                    start_field,end_field = nil,nil
                end
                consecutive = 0
            end
        end

        fields[x] = fields[x].to_s(16)
    end

    # if our longest set of 0's is at the end, then start & end fields
    # are already set. if not, then make start & end fields the ones we've
    # stored away in start_end
    if (consecutive > longest) 
        longest = consecutive
    else
        start_field = start_end[0]
        end_field = start_end[1]
    end

    if (longest > 1)
        fields[start_field] = ''
        start_field += 1
        fields.slice!(start_field..end_field)
    end 
    fields.push(ipv4_mapped) if (ipv4_mapped)
    short = fields.join(':')
    short << ':' if (short =~ /:$/)

    return(short)
end

.sort(list, options = nil) ⇒ Object

Synopsis

Sort a list of CIDR addresses or NetAddr::CIDR objects,

Example: cidr1 = NetAddr::CIDR.create(‘192.168.1.32/27’) cidr2 = NetAddr::CIDR.create(‘192.168.1.0/27’) NetAddr.sort() NetAddr.sort(, :Desc => true)

Arguments:

  • list = Array of CIDR addresses as Strings, or Array of NetAddr::CIDR objects

  • options = Hash with the following keys:

    :ByMask -- if true, sorts based on the netmask length
:Desc -- if true, return results in descending order

Returns:

  • Array of Strings, or Array of NetAddr::CIDR objects



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# File 'lib/methods.rb', line 579

def sort(list, options=nil)
    # make sure list is an array
    if ( !list.kind_of?(Array) )
        raise ArgumentError, "Array of NetAddr::CIDR or NetStruct " +
                             "objects expected, but #{list.class} provided."
    end

    desc = false
    by_mask = false
    # validate options
    if (options)
        known_args = [:Desc, :ByMask]
        raise ArgumentError, "Hash expected for argument 'options' but #{options.class} provided." if (!options.kind_of?(Hash))
        NetAddr.validate_args(options.keys,known_args)

        if( options.has_key?(:Desc) && options[:Desc] == true )
            desc = true
        end

        if( options.has_key?(:ByMask) && options[:ByMask] == true )
            by_mask = true
        end

    end

    # make sure all are valid types of the same IP version
    version = nil
    cidr_hash = {}
    list.each do |cidr|
        if (!cidr.kind_of?(NetAddr::CIDR))
            begin
                new_cidr = NetAddr::CIDR.create(cidr)
            rescue Exception => error
                raise ArgumentError, "An element of the provided Array " +
                                     "raised the following errors: #{error}"
            end
        else
            new_cidr = cidr
        end
        cidr_hash[new_cidr] = cidr

        version = new_cidr.version if (!version)
        unless (new_cidr.version == version)
            raise VersionError, "Provided CIDR addresses must all be of the same IP version."
        end 
    end

    # perform sort
    if (by_mask)
        sorted_list = netmask_sort(cidr_hash.keys, desc)
    else
        sorted_list = cidr_sort(cidr_hash.keys, desc)
    end

    # return original values passed
    ret_list = []
    sorted_list.each {|x| ret_list.push(cidr_hash[x])}

    return(ret_list)
end

.supernets(list, options = nil) ⇒ Object

Synopsis

Given a list of CIDR addresses or NetAddr::CIDR objects, return only the top-level supernet CIDR addresses.

If the :Objectify option is enabled, then returned CIDR objects will store the more specific CIDRs (i.e. subnets of those CIDRs) within the tag value :Subnets For example, cidr_x.tag would be an Array of CIDR subnets of cidr_x.

Example: NetAddr.supernets([‘192.168.0.0’, ‘192.168.0.1’, ‘192.168.0.0/31’])

Arguments:

  • list = Array of CIDR addresses as Strings, or an Array of NetAddr::CIDR objects

  • options = Hash with the following keys:

    :Objectify -- if true, return NetAddr::CIDR objects
:Short -- if true, return IPv6 addresses in short-hand notation

Returns:

  • Array of CIDR addresses or NetAddr::CIDR objects

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) 


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# File 'lib/methods.rb', line 662

def supernets(list,options=nil)
    known_args = [:Objectify, :Short]
    short = false
    objectify = false
    verbose = false

    # validate list
    raise ArgumentError, "Array expected for argument 'list' but #{list.class} provided." if (!list.kind_of?(Array) )

    # validate options
    if (options)
        raise ArgumentError, "Hash expected for argument 'options' but #{options.class} provided." if (!options.kind_of?(Hash) )
        NetAddr.validate_args(options.keys,known_args)

        if (options.has_key?(:Objectify) && options[:Objectify] == true)
            objectify = true
        end

        if (options.has_key?(:Short) && options[:Short] == true)
            short = true 
        end
    end

    # make sure all are valid types of the same IP version
    v4_list = []
    v6_list = []
    list.each do |obj|
        if (!obj.kind_of?(NetAddr::CIDR))
            begin
                obj = NetAddr::CIDR.create(obj)
            rescue Exception => error
                raise ArgumentError, "One of the provided CIDR addresses raised the following " +
                                     "errors: #{error}"
            end
        end

        if (obj.version == 4)
            v4_list.push(obj)
        else
            v6_list.push(obj)
        end
    end

    # do summary calcs
    v4_summary = []
    v6_summary = []
    if (v4_list.length != 0)
        v4_summary = NetAddr.cidr_supernets(v4_list)
    end

    if (v6_list.length != 0)
        v6_summary = NetAddr.cidr_supernets(v6_list)
    end

    # decide what to return
    summarized_list = []
    if (!objectify)
        summarized_list = []
        if (v4_summary.length != 0)
            v4_summary.each {|x| summarized_list.push(x.desc())}
        end

        if (v6_summary.length != 0)
            v6_summary.each {|x| summarized_list.push(x.desc(:Short => short))}
        end

    else
        summarized_list.concat(v4_summary) if (v4_summary.length != 0)
        summarized_list.concat(v6_summary) if (v6_summary.length != 0)
    end

    return(summarized_list)
end

.unshorten(ip) ⇒ Object

Synopsis

Take an IPv6 address in short-hand format, and expand it into standard notation. The address should not contain a netmask.

Example: NetAddr.unshorten(‘fec0::1’) => “fec0:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001”

Arguments:

  • ip = CIDR address as a String

Returns:

  • String



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# File 'lib/methods.rb', line 750

def unshorten(ip)

    # is this a string?
    if (!ip.kind_of? String)
        raise ArgumentError, "Expected String, but #{ip.class} provided."
    end

    validate_ip_str(ip, 6)
    ipv4_mapped = true if (ip =~ /\./)

    ip_int = ip_to_i(ip, :Version => 6)
    if (!ipv4_mapped)
        long = ip_int_to_str(ip_int, 6)
    else
        long = ip_int_to_str(ip_int, 6, true)
    end

    return(long)
end

.validate_args(to_validate, known_args) ⇒ Object

validate options hash



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# File 'lib/validation_shortcuts.rb', line 6

def validate_args(to_validate,known_args)
    to_validate.each do |x|
        raise ArgumentError, "Unrecognized argument #{x}. Valid arguments are " +
                             "#{known_args.join(',')}" if (!known_args.include?(x))
    end
end

.validate_eui(eui) ⇒ Object

Synopsis

Validate an EUI-48 or EUI-64 address. Raises NetAddr::ValidationError on validation failure.

Example: NetAddr.validate_eui(‘01-00-5e-12-34-56’) => true

  • Arguments

  • eui = EUI address as a String

Returns:

  • True



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# File 'lib/methods.rb', line 783

def validate_eui(eui)
    if (eui.kind_of?(String))
        # check for invalid characters
        if (eui =~ /[^0-9a-fA-F\.\-\:]/)
            raise ValidationError, "#{eui} is invalid (contains invalid characters)."
        end

        # split on formatting characters & check lengths
        if (eui =~ /\-/)
            fields = eui.split('-')
            if (fields.length != 6 && fields.length != 8)
                raise ValidationError, "#{eui} is invalid (unrecognized formatting)."
            end
            fields.each {|x| raise ValidationError, "#{eui} is invalid (missing characters)." if (x.length != 2)} 
        elsif (eui =~ /\:/)
            fields = eui.split(':')
            if (fields.length != 6 && fields.length != 8)
                raise ValidationError, "#{eui} is invalid (unrecognized formatting)."
            end
            fields.each {|x| raise ValidationError, "#{eui} is invalid (missing characters)." if (x.length != 2)}
        elsif (eui =~ /\./)
            fields = eui.split('.')
            if (fields.length != 3 && fields.length != 4)
                raise ValidationError, "#{eui} is invalid (unrecognized formatting)."
            end
            fields.each {|x| raise ValidationError, "#{eui} is invalid (missing characters)." if (x.length != 4)}
        else
            raise ValidationError, "#{eui} is invalid (unrecognized formatting)."
        end

    else
        raise ArgumentError, "EUI address should be a String, but was a#{eui.class}."
    end
    return(true)
end

.validate_ip_addr(ip, options = nil) ⇒ Object

Synopsis

Validate an IP address. The address should not contain a netmask. This method will attempt to auto-detect the IP version if not provided, however a slight speed increase is realized if version is provided. Raises NetAddr::ValidationError on validation failure.

Example: NetAddr.validate_ip_addr(‘192.168.1.1’) => true NetAddr.validate_ip_addr(‘ffff::1’, :Version => 6) => true NetAddr.validate_ip_addr(‘::192.168.1.1’) => true NetAddr.validate_ip_addr(0xFFFFFF) => true NetAddr.validate_ip_addr(2**128-1) => true NetAddr.validate_ip_addr(2**32-1, :Version => 4) => true

Arguments

  • ip = IP address as a String or Integer

  • options = Hash with the following keys:

    :Version -- IP version - Integer (optional)

Returns:

  • True



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# File 'lib/methods.rb', line 842

def validate_ip_addr(ip, options=nil)
    known_args = [:Version]
    version = nil

    # validate options
    if (options)
        raise ArgumentError, "Hash expected for argument 'options' but #{options.class} provided." if (!options.kind_of?(Hash))
        NetAddr.validate_args(options.keys,known_args)

        if (options.has_key?(:Version))
            version = options[:Version]
            if (version != 4 && version != 6)
                raise ArgumentError, ":Version should be 4 or 6, but was '#{version}'."
            end
        end
    end

    if ( ip.kind_of?(String) )
        version = NetAddr.detect_ip_version(ip) if (!version)
        NetAddr.validate_ip_str(ip,version)

    elsif ( ip.kind_of?(Integer) )
        NetAddr.validate_ip_int(ip,version)

    else
        raise ArgumentError, "Integer or String expected for argument 'ip' but " +
                             "#{ip.class} provided." if (!ip.kind_of?(String) && !ip.kind_of?(Integer))
    end

    return(true)
end

.validate_ip_int(ip, version) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/validation_shortcuts.rb', line 14

def validate_ip_int(ip,version)
    version = 4 if (!version && ip < 2**32)
    if (version == 4)
        raise ValidationError, "#{ip} is invalid for IPv4 (Integer is out of bounds)." if ( (ip < 0) || (ip > 2**32-1) )
    else
        raise ValidationError, "#{ip} is invalid for both IPv4 and IPv6 (Integer is out of bounds)." if ( (ip < 0) || (ip > 2**128-1) )
        version = 6
    end
    return(version)
end

.validate_ip_netmask(netmask, options = nil) ⇒ Object

Synopsis

Validate IP Netmask. Version defaults to 4 if not specified. Raises NetAddr::ValidationError on validation failure.

Examples: NetAddr.validate_ip_netmask(‘/32’) => true NetAddr.validate_ip_netmask(32) => true NetAddr.validate_ip_netmask(0xffffffff, :Integer => true) => true

Arguments:

  • netmask = Netmask as a String or Integer

  • options = Hash with the following keys:

    :Integer -- if true, the provided Netmask is an Integer mask
:Version -- IP version - Integer (optional)

Returns:

  • True



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# File 'lib/methods.rb', line 893

def validate_ip_netmask(netmask, options=nil)
    known_args = [:Integer, :Version]
    is_integer = false
    version = 4

    # validate options
    if (options)
        raise ArgumentError, "Hash expected for argument 'options' but #{options.class} provided." if (!options.kind_of?(Hash))
        NetAddr.validate_args(options.keys,known_args)

        if (options.has_key?(:Integer) && options[:Integer] == true)
            is_integer = true
        end

        if (options.has_key?(:Version))
            version = options[:Version]
            if (version != 4 && version != 6)
                raise ArgumentError, ":Version should be 4 or 6, but was '#{version}'."
            end
        end
    end

    # validate netmask
    if (netmask.kind_of?(String))
        validate_netmask_str(netmask,version)
    elsif (netmask.kind_of?(Integer) )
        validate_netmask_int(netmask,version,is_integer)
    else
        raise ArgumentError, "Integer or String expected for argument 'netmask' but " +
                             "#{netmask.class} provided." if (!netmask.kind_of?(String) && !netmask.kind_of?(Integer))
    end

    return(true)
end

.validate_ip_str(ip, version) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/validation_shortcuts.rb', line 26

def validate_ip_str(ip,version)
    # check validity of charaters
    if (ip =~ /[^0-9a-fA-F\.:]/)
        raise ValidationError, "#{ip} is invalid (contains invalid characters)."
    end

    if (version == 4)
        octets = ip.split('.')
        raise ValidationError, "#{ip} is invalid (IPv4 requires (4) octets)." if (octets.length != 4)

        # are octets in range 0..255?
        octets.each do |octet|
            raise ValidationError, "#{ip} is invalid (IPv4 dotted-decimal format " +
                                   "should not contain non-numeric characters)." if (octet =~ /[\D]/ || octet == '')
            octet = octet.to_i()
            if ( (octet < 0) || (octet >= 256) )
                raise ValidationError, "#{ip} is invalid (IPv4 octets should be between 0 and 255)."
            end
        end

    else
            # make sure we only have at most (2) colons in a row, and then only
            # (1) instance of that
            if ( (ip =~ /:{3,}/) || (ip.split("::").length > 2) )
                raise ValidationError, "#{ip} is invalid (IPv6 field separators (:) are bad)."
            end

            # set flags
            shorthand = false
            if (ip =~ /\./)
                dotted_dec = true 
            else
                dotted_dec = false
            end

            # split up by ':'
            fields = []
            if (ip =~ /::/)
                shorthand = true
                ip.split('::').each do |x|
                    fields.concat( x.split(':') )
                end
            else
               fields.concat( ip.split(':') ) 
            end

            # make sure we have the correct number of fields
            if (shorthand)
                if ( (dotted_dec && fields.length > 6) || (!dotted_dec && fields.length > 7) )
                    raise ValidationError, "#{ip} is invalid (IPv6 shorthand notation has " +
                                           "incorrect number of fields)." 
                end
            else
                if ( (dotted_dec && fields.length != 7 ) || (!dotted_dec && fields.length != 8) )
                    raise ValidationError, "#{ip} is invalid (IPv6 address has " +
                                           "incorrect number of fields)." 
                end
            end

            # if dotted_dec then validate the last field
            if (dotted_dec)
                dotted = fields.pop()
                octets = dotted.split('.')
                raise ValidationError, "#{ip} is invalid (Legacy IPv4 portion of IPv6 " +
                                       "address should contain (4) octets)." if (octets.length != 4)
                octets.each do |x|
                    raise ValidationError, "#{ip} is invalid (egacy IPv4 portion of IPv6 " +
                                           "address should not contain non-numeric characters)." if (x =~ /[^0-9]/ )
                    x = x.to_i
                    if ( (x < 0) || (x >= 256) )
                        raise ValidationError, "#{ip} is invalid (Octets of a legacy IPv4 portion of IPv6 " +
                                               "address should be between 0 and 255)."
                    end
                end
            end

            # validate hex fields
            fields.each do |x|
                if (x =~ /[^0-9a-fA-F]/)
                    raise ValidationError, "#{ip} is invalid (IPv6 address contains invalid hex characters)."
                else
                    x = x.to_i(16)
                    if ( (x < 0) || (x >= 2**16) )
                        raise ValidationError, "#{ip} is invalid (Fields of an IPv6 address " +
                                               "should be between 0x0 and 0xFFFF)."
                    end
                end
            end

    end
    return(true)
end

.validate_netmask_int(netmask, version, is_int = false) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/validation_shortcuts.rb', line 120

def validate_netmask_int(netmask,version,is_int=false)
    address_len = 32
    address_len = 128 if (version == 6)

    if (!is_int)
        if (netmask > address_len || netmask < 0 )
            raise ValidationError, "Netmask, #{netmask}, is out of bounds for IPv#{version}." 
        end
    else
        if (netmask >= 2**address_len || netmask < 0 )
            raise ValidationError, "netmask (#{netmask}) is out of bounds for IPv#{version}."
        end
    end
    return(true)
end

.validate_netmask_str(netmask, version) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/validation_shortcuts.rb', line 137

def validate_netmask_str(netmask,version)
    address_len = 32
    address_len = 128 if (version == 6)

    if(netmask =~ /\./) # extended netmask
        all_f = 2**32-1
        netmask_int = 0

        # validate & pack extended mask
        begin
            netmask_int = NetAddr.ip_to_i(netmask, :Version => 4)
        rescue Exception => error
          raise ValidationError, "#{netmask} is improperly formed: #{error}"
        end

        # cycle through the bits of hostmask and compare
        # with netmask_int. when we hit the firt '1' within
        # netmask_int (our netmask boundary), xor hostmask and
        # netmask_int. the result should be all 1's. this whole
        # process is in place to make sure that we dont have
        # and crazy masks such as 255.254.255.0
        hostmask = 1
         32.times do 
            check = netmask_int & hostmask
            if ( check != 0)
                hostmask = hostmask >> 1
                unless ( (netmask_int ^ hostmask) == all_f)
                    raise ValidationError, "#{netmask} contains '1' bits within the host portion of the netmask." 
                end
                break
            else
                hostmask = hostmask << 1
                hostmask = hostmask | 1
            end
        end

    else # cidr format
        # remove '/' if present
        if (netmask =~ /^\// )
            netmask[0] = " "
            netmask.lstrip!
        end

        # check if we have any non numeric characters
        if (netmask =~ /\D/)
            raise ValidationError, "#{netmask} contains invalid characters."
        end

        netmask = netmask.to_i
        if (netmask > address_len || netmask < 0 )
            raise ValidationError, "Netmask, #{netmask}, is out of bounds for IPv#{version}." 
        end

    end
    return(true)
end

.wildcard(ip) ⇒ Object

Synopsis

Convert a wildcard IP into a valid CIDR address. Wildcards must always be at the end of the address. Any data located after the first wildcard will be lost. Shorthand notation is prohibited for IPv6 addresses. IPv6 encoded IPv4 addresses are not currently supported.

Examples: NetAddr.wildcard(‘192.168.*’) NetAddr.wildcard(‘192.168.1.*’) NetAddr.wildcard(‘fec0:*’) NetAddr.wildcard(‘fec0:1:*’)

Arguments:

  • ip = Wildcard IP address as a String

Returns:

  • CIDR object



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# File 'lib/methods.rb', line 947

def wildcard(ip)
    version = 4

    # do operations per version of address
    if (ip =~ /\./ && ip !~ /:/)
        octets = []
        mask = 0

        ip.split('.').each do |x|
            if (x =~ /\*/)
                break
            end
            octets.push(x)
        end

        octets.length.times do
            mask = mask << 8
            mask = mask | 0xff
        end

        until (octets.length == 4)
            octets.push('0')
            mask = mask << 8
        end
        ip = octets.join('.')

    elsif (ip =~ /:/)
        version = 6
        fields = []
        mask = 0

        raise ArgumentError, "IPv6 encoded IPv4 addresses are unsupported." if (ip =~ /\./)
        raise ArgumentError, "Shorthand IPv6 addresses are unsupported." if (ip =~ /::/)

        ip.split(':').each do |x|
            if (x =~ /\*/)
                break
            end
            fields.push(x)
        end

        fields.length.times do
            mask = mask << 16
            mask = mask | 0xffff
        end

        until (fields.length == 8)
            fields.push('0')
            mask = mask << 16
        end
        ip = fields.join(':')
    end

    # make & return cidr
    cidr = cidr_build( version, ip_str_to_int(ip,version), mask )

    return(cidr)
end