Class: Forki::PostScraper

Inherits:
Scraper
  • Object
show all
Defined in:
lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb

Overview

rubocop:disable Metrics/ClassLength

Instance Method Summary collapse

Methods inherited from Scraper

#download_image, #find_graphql_data_closure_index, #find_graphql_data_strings, #initialize

Constructor Details

This class inherits a constructor from Forki::Scraper

Instance Method Details

#check_if_post_is_image(graphql_objects) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 63

def check_if_post_is_image(graphql_objects)
  graphql_objects.any? do |graphql_object|  # if any GraphQL objects contain the top-level keys above, return true
    return true unless graphql_object.fetch("image", nil).nil? # so long as the associated values are not nil
    return true unless graphql_object.fetch("currMedia", nil).nil?

    # This is a complicated form for `web.facebook.com` posts

    if !graphql_object.dig("node", "comet_sections", "content", "story", "attachments").nil?
      if graphql_object["node"]["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["attachments"].count.positive?
        return true unless graphql_object["node"]["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["attachments"].first.dig("styles", "attachment", "all_subattachments", "nodes")&.first&.dig("media", "image", "uri").nil?
      end
    end
  end
end

#check_if_post_is_in_comment_stream(graphql_objects) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 78

def check_if_post_is_in_comment_stream(graphql_objects)
  graphql_objects.find do |graphql_object|
    next unless graphql_object.key?("nodes")

    begin
      type = graphql_object["nodes"].first["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["attachments"].first["styles"]["attachment"]["media"]["__typename"]
    rescue StandardError
      # if there's an error just return false, since the structure is so specific checking the whole thing is a lot
      next
    end

    return true if type == "Video"
  end

  false
end

#check_if_post_is_reel(graphql_object) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 51

def check_if_post_is_reel(graphql_object)
  return false unless graphql_object.key?("node")

  begin
    style_infos = graphql_object["node"]["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["attachments"].first["styles"]["attachment"]["style_infos"].first
  rescue NoMethodError # if the object doesn't match the attribute chain above, the line above will try to operate on nil
    return false
  end

  style_infos.include?("fb_shorts_story")
end

#check_if_post_is_video(graphql_objects) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 47

def check_if_post_is_video(graphql_objects)
  graphql_objects.any? { |graphql_object| graphql_object.key?("is_live_streaming") || graphql_object.key?("video") || check_if_post_is_reel(graphql_object) }
end

#extract_image_post_data(graphql_object_array) ⇒ Object

Extracts data from an image post by parsing GraphQL strings as seen in the video post scraper above



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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 234

def extract_image_post_data(graphql_object_array)
  # This is a weird one-off style
  graphql_object = graphql_object_array.find { |graphql_object| !graphql_object.dig("node", "comet_sections", "content", "story", "attachments").nil? }
  unless graphql_object.nil? || graphql_object.count == 0
    attachments = graphql_object["node"]["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["attachments"]

    reaction_counts = extract_reaction_counts(graphql_object["node"]["comet_sections"]["feedback"]["story"]["feedback_context"]["feedback_target_with_context"]["ufi_renderer"]["feedback"]["comet_ufi_summary_and_actions_renderer"]["feedback"]["cannot_see_top_custom_reactions"]["top_reactions"])
    id = graphql_object["node"]["post_id"]
    num_comments = graphql_object["node"]["comet_sections"]["feedback"]["story"]["feedback_context"]["feedback_target_with_context"]["ufi_renderer"]["feedback"]["comet_ufi_summary_and_actions_renderer"]["feedback"]["share_count"]["count"]
    reshare_warning = graphql_object["node"]["comet_sections"]["feedback"]["story"]["feedback_context"]["feedback_target_with_context"]["ufi_renderer"]["feedback"]["comet_ufi_summary_and_actions_renderer"]["feedback"]["should_show_reshare_warning"]
    image_url = attachments.first["styles"]["attachment"]["all_subattachments"]["nodes"].first["media"]["image"]["uri"]
    text = graphql_object["node"]["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["message"]["text"]
    profile_link = graphql_object["node"]["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["actors"].first["url"]
    created_at = graphql_object["node"]["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["comet_sections"]["context_layout"]["story"]["comet_sections"]["metadata"].first["story"]["creation_time"]
    has_video = false
  else

    graphql_object_array.find { |graphql_object| graphql_object.key?("viewer_actor") && graphql_object.key?("display_comments") }
    curr_media_object = graphql_object_array.find { |graphql_object| graphql_object.key?("currMedia") }
    creation_story_object = graphql_object_array.find { |graphql_object| graphql_object.key?("creation_story") && graphql_object.key?("message") }

    feedback_object = graphql_object_array.find { |graphql_object| graphql_object.has_key?("comet_ufi_summary_and_actions_renderer") }["comet_ufi_summary_and_actions_renderer"]["feedback"]
    share_count_object = feedback_object.fetch("share_count", {})

    poster = creation_story_object["creation_story"]["comet_sections"]["actor_photo"]["story"]["actors"][0]

    reaction_counts = extract_reaction_counts(feedback_object["cannot_see_top_custom_reactions"]["top_reactions"])
    id = curr_media_object["currMedia"]["id"],
    num_comments = feedback_object["comments_count_summary_renderer"]["feedback"]["total_comment_count"],
    num_shares = share_count_object.fetch("count", nil),
    reshare_warning = feedback_object["should_show_reshare_warning"],
    image_url = curr_media_object["currMedia"]["image"]["uri"],
    text = (creation_story_object["message"] || {}).fetch("text", nil),
    profile_link = poster["url"],
    created_at = curr_media_object["currMedia"]["created_time"],
    has_video = false

  end
  post_details = {
    id: id,
    num_comments: num_comments,
    num_shares: num_shares,
    reshare_warning: reshare_warning,
    image_url: image_url,
    text: text,
    profile_link: profile_link,
    created_at: created_at,
    has_video: has_video
  }
  post_details[:image_file] = Forki.retrieve_media(post_details[:image_url])
  post_details[:reactions] = reaction_counts
  post_details
end

#extract_live_video_post_data_from_watch_page(graphql_strings) ⇒ Object

Extract data from live video post on the watch page



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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 319

def extract_live_video_post_data_from_watch_page(graphql_strings)
  creation_story_object = JSON.parse(graphql_strings.find { |graphql| (graphql.include? "comment_count") && \
                                                   (graphql.include? "creation_story") })["video"]["creation_story"]
  media_object = JSON.parse(graphql_strings.find { |graphql| graphql.include? "playable_url" })["video"]["creation_story"]["attachments"][0]["media"]
  video_permalink = creation_story_object["shareable"]["url"].delete("\\")
  reaction_counts = extract_reaction_counts(creation_story_object["feedback_context"]["feedback_target_with_context"]["cannot_see_top_custom_reactions"]["top_reactions"])

  post_details = {
    id: creation_story_object["shareable"]["id"],
    num_comments: creation_story_object["feedback_context"]["feedback_target_with_context"]["total_comment_count"],
    num_shares: nil,
    num_views: find_number_of_views, # as far as I can tell, this is never present for live videos
    reshare_warning: creation_story_object["feedback_context"]["feedback_target_with_context"]["should_show_reshare_warning"],
    video_preview_image_url: creation_story_object["attachments"][0]["media"]["preferred_thumbnail"]["image"]["uri"],
    video_url: (media_object.fetch("playable_url_quality_hd", nil) || media_object.fetch("playable_url", nil)).delete("\\"),
    text: creation_story_object["attachments"][0]["media"]["savable_description"]["text"],
    created_at: creation_story_object["attachments"][0]["media"]["publish_time"],
    profile_link: video_permalink[..video_permalink.index("/videos")],
    has_video: true
  }

  post_details[:video_preview_image_file] = Forki.retrieve_media(post_details[:video_preview_image_url])
  post_details[:video_file] = Forki.retrieve_media(post_details[:video_url])
  post_details[:reactions] = reaction_counts
  post_details
end

#extract_post_data(graphql_strings) ⇒ Object

Raises:



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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 20

def extract_post_data(graphql_strings)
  # Bail out of the post otherwise it gets stuck
  raise ContentUnavailableError unless is_post_available?

  graphql_objects = get_graphql_objects(graphql_strings)
  post_has_video = check_if_post_is_video(graphql_objects)
  post_has_image = check_if_post_is_image(graphql_objects)

  # There's a chance it may be embedded in a comment chain like this:
  # https://www.facebook.com/PlandemicMovie/posts/588866298398729/
  post_has_video_in_comment_stream = check_if_post_is_in_comment_stream(graphql_objects) if post_has_video == false

  if post_has_video
    extract_video_post_data(graphql_strings)
  elsif post_has_video_in_comment_stream
    extract_video_comment_post_data(graphql_objects)
  elsif post_has_image
    extract_image_post_data(graphql_objects)
  else
    raise UnhandledContentError
  end
end

#extract_reaction_counts(reactions_object) ⇒ Object

Returns a hash containing counts of each reaction to a post Takes the edges list and creates a dictionary for each element that looks like: 1234 Then merges the dictionaries with the inject call



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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 349

def extract_reaction_counts(reactions_object)
  reactions_object["edges"].map do |reaction|
    {
      "num_#{reaction["node"]["localized_name"].downcase}s".to_sym => reaction["reaction_count"]
    }
  end.inject { |emoji_counts, count| emoji_counts.merge(count) }
end

#extract_video_comment_post_data(graphql_objects) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 114

def extract_video_comment_post_data(graphql_objects)
  graphql_nodes = nil
  graphql_objects.find do |graphql_object|
    next unless graphql_object.key?("nodes")
    graphql_nodes = graphql_object["nodes"]

    break
  end

  media = graphql_nodes.first["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["attachments"].first["styles"]["attachment"]["media"]
  inital_feedback_object = graphql_nodes.first["comet_sections"]["feedback"]["story"]["feedback_context"]["feedback_target_with_context"]["ufi_renderer"]["feedback"]
  feedback_object = inital_feedback_object["comet_ufi_summary_and_actions_renderer"]["feedback"]

  post_details = {
    id: media["id"],
    num_comments: feedback_object["comment_count"]["total_count"],
    num_shares: feedback_object["share_count"]["count"],
    num_views: feedback_object["video_view_count"],
    reshare_warning: feedback_object["should_show_reshare_warning"],
    video_preview_image_url: media["preferred_thumbnail"]["image"]["uri"],
    video_url: media["playable_url_quality_hd"] || media["playable_url"],
    text: graphql_nodes.first["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["comet_sections"]["message"]["story"]["message"]["text"],
    created_at: media["publish_time"],
    profile_link: graphql_nodes.first["comet_sections"]["context_layout"]["story"]["comet_sections"]["actor_photo"]["story"]["actors"].first["url"],
    has_video: true
  }

  post_details[:video_preview_image_file] = Forki.retrieve_media(post_details[:video_preview_image_url])
  post_details[:video_file] = Forki.retrieve_media(post_details[:video_url])
  post_details[:reactions] = inital_feedback_object["comet_ufi_summary_and_actions_renderer"]["feedback"]["i18n_reaction_count"]
  post_details
end

#extract_video_post_data(graphql_strings) ⇒ Object

Unfortunately, there’s a taxonomy of video post types, all of which require different parsing methods Specifically, there are normal video posts, video posts from the watch page, and live video posts from the watch page The general strategy for extracting information from each type, though, is to find which of the 30-odd GraphQL strings are relevant After finding those GraphQL strings, we parse them into hashes and extract the information we need



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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 151

def extract_video_post_data(graphql_strings)
  unless all("h1").find { |h1| h1.text.strip == "Watch" }.nil?
    return extract_video_post_data_from_watch_page(graphql_strings)  # If this is a "watch page" video
  end

  graphql_object_array = graphql_strings.map { |graphql_string| JSON.parse(graphql_string) }
  story_node_object = graphql_object_array.find { |graphql_object| graphql_object.key? "node" }&.fetch("node", nil) # user posted video
  story_node_object = story_node_object || graphql_object_array.find { |graphql_object| graphql_object.key? "nodes" }&.fetch("nodes")&.first # page posted video

  return extract_video_post_data_alternative(graphql_object_array) if story_node_object.nil?

  if story_node_object["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["attachments"].first["styles"]["attachment"].key?("media")
    video_object = story_node_object["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["attachments"].first["styles"]["attachment"]["media"]
    creation_date = video_object["publish_time"]
    # creation_date = video_object["video"]["publish_time"]
  elsif story_node_object["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["attachments"].first["styles"]["attachment"].key?("style_infos")
    # For "Reels" we need a separate way to parse this
    video_object = story_node_object["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["attachments"].first["styles"]["attachment"]["style_infos"].first["fb_shorts_story"]["short_form_video_context"]["playback_video"]
    creation_date = story_node_object["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["attachments"].first["styles"]["attachment"]["style_infos"].first["fb_shorts_story"]["creation_time"]
  else
    raise "Unable to parse video object"
  end

  feedback_object = story_node_object["comet_sections"]["feedback"]["story"]["feedback_context"]["feedback_target_with_context"]["ufi_renderer"]["feedback"]
  reaction_counts = extract_reaction_counts(feedback_object["comet_ufi_summary_and_actions_renderer"]["feedback"]["cannot_see_top_custom_reactions"]["top_reactions"])
  share_count_object = feedback_object.fetch("share_count", {})

  if story_node_object["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["comet_sections"].key? "message"
    text = story_node_object["comet_sections"]["content"]["story"]["comet_sections"]["message"]["story"]["message"]["text"]
  else
    text = ""
  end

  feedback_object["comment_list_renderer"]["feedback"]["comment_count"]["total_count"]
  num_comments = feedback_object.has_key?("comment_list_renderer") ? feedback_object["comment_list_renderer"]["feedback"]["comment_count"]["total_count"] : feedback_object["comment_count"]["total_count"]

  post_details = {
    id: video_object["id"],
    num_comments: num_comments,
    num_shares: share_count_object.fetch("count", nil),
    num_views: feedback_object["comet_ufi_summary_and_actions_renderer"]["feedback"]["video_view_count"],
    reshare_warning: feedback_object["comet_ufi_summary_and_actions_renderer"]["feedback"]["should_show_reshare_warning"],
    video_preview_image_url: video_object["preferred_thumbnail"]["image"]["uri"],
    video_url: video_object["playable_url_quality_hd"] || video_object["playable_url"],
    text: text,
    created_at: creation_date,
    profile_link: story_node_object["comet_sections"]["context_layout"]["story"]["comet_sections"]["actor_photo"]["story"]["actors"][0]["url"],
    has_video: true
  }
  post_details[:video_preview_image_file] = Forki.retrieve_media(post_details[:video_preview_image_url])
  post_details[:video_file] = Forki.retrieve_media(post_details[:video_url])
  post_details[:reactions] = reaction_counts
  post_details
end

#extract_video_post_data_alternative(graphql_object_array) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 206

def extract_video_post_data_alternative(graphql_object_array)
  sidepane_object = graphql_object_array.find { |graphql_object| graphql_object.key?("tahoe_sidepane_renderer") }
  video_object = graphql_object_array.find { |graphql_object| graphql_object.keys == ["video"] }
  feedback_object = sidepane_object["tahoe_sidepane_renderer"]["video"]["feedback"]
  reaction_counts = extract_reaction_counts(sidepane_object["tahoe_sidepane_renderer"]["video"]["feedback"]["cannot_see_top_custom_reactions"]["top_reactions"])
  share_count_object = feedback_object.fetch("share_count", {})

  post_details = {
    id: video_object["id"],
    num_comments: feedback_object["comments_count_summary_renderer"]["feedback"]["total_comment_count"],
    num_shares: share_count_object.fetch("count", nil),
    num_views: feedback_object["video_view_count"],
    reshare_warning: feedback_object["should_show_reshare_warning"],
    video_preview_image_url: video_object["video"]["preferred_thumbnail"]["image"]["uri"],
    video_url: video_object["video"]["playable_url_quality_hd"] || video_object["video"]["playable_url"],
    text: sidepane_object["tahoe_sidepane_renderer"]["video"]["creation_story"]["comet_sections"]["message"]["story"]["message"]["text"],
    created_at: video_object["video"]["publish_time"],
    profile_link: sidepane_object["tahoe_sidepane_renderer"]["video"]["creation_story"]["comet_sections"]["actor_photo"]["story"]["actors"][0]["url"],
    has_video: true
  }

  post_details[:video_preview_image_file] = Forki.retrieve_media(post_details[:video_preview_image_url])
  post_details[:video_file] = Forki.retrieve_media(post_details[:video_url])
  post_details[:reactions] = reaction_counts
  post_details
end

#extract_video_post_data_from_watch_page(graphql_strings) ⇒ Object

Extract data from a non-live video post on the watch page



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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 289

def extract_video_post_data_from_watch_page(graphql_strings)
  return extract_live_video_post_data_from_watch_page(graphql_strings) if current_url.include?("live")
  video_object = graphql_strings.map { |g| JSON.parse(g) }.find { |x| x.key?("video") }
  creation_story_object = JSON.parse(graphql_strings.find { |graphql_string| (graphql_string.include?("creation_story")) && \
                                                        (graphql_string.include?("live_status")) })
  video_permalink = creation_story_object["creation_story"]["shareable"]["url"].delete("\\")
  media_object = video_object["video"]["story"]["attachments"][0]["media"]
  reaction_counts = extract_reaction_counts(creation_story_object["feedback"]["cannot_see_top_custom_reactions"]["top_reactions"])

  post_details = {
    id: video_object["id"],
    num_comments: creation_story_object["feedback"]["total_comment_count"],
    num_shares: nil, # Not present for watch feed videos?
    num_views: creation_story_object["feedback"]["video_view_count_renderer"]["feedback"]["video_view_count"],
    reshare_warning: creation_story_object["feedback"]["should_show_reshare_warning"],
    video_preview_image_url: video_object["video"]["story"]["attachments"][0]["media"]["preferred_thumbnail"]["image"]["uri"],
    video_url: (media_object.fetch("playable_url_quality_hd", nil) || media_object.fetch("playable_url", nil)).delete("\\"),
    text: (creation_story_object["creation_story"]["message"] || {})["text"],
    created_at: video_object["video"]["story"]["attachments"][0]["media"]["publish_time"],
    profile_link: video_permalink[..video_permalink.index("/videos")],
    has_video: true
  }

  post_details[:video_preview_image_file] = Forki.retrieve_media(post_details[:video_preview_image_url])
  post_details[:video_file] = Forki.retrieve_media(post_details[:video_url])
  post_details[:reactions] = reaction_counts
  post_details
end

#find_number_of_views ⇒ Object

Searches the DOM to finds the number of times a (video) post has been viewed. Returns nil if it can’t find a DOM element with the view count



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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 13

def find_number_of_views
  views_pattern = /[0-9MK, ]+Views/
  spans = all("span")
  views_span = spans.find { |s| s.text(:all) =~ views_pattern }
  extract_int_from_num_element(views_span)
end

#get_graphql_objects(graphql_strings) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 43

def get_graphql_objects(graphql_strings)
  graphql_strings.map { |graphql_object| JSON.parse(graphql_object) }
end

#is_post_available? ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 95

def is_post_available?
  begin
    # This Video Isn't Available Anymore
    find("span", wait: 5, text: "content isn't available", exact_text: false)
  rescue Capybara::ElementNotFound, Selenium::WebDriver::Error::StaleElementReferenceError
    begin
      find("span", wait: 5, text: "This Video Isn't Available Anymore", exact_text: false)
    rescue Capybara::ElementNotFound, Selenium::WebDriver::Error::StaleElementReferenceError
      begin
        find("span", wait: 5, text: "This Page Isn't Available", exact_text: false)
      rescue Capybara::ElementNotFound, Selenium::WebDriver::Error::StaleElementReferenceError
        return true
      end
    end
  end

  false
end

#parse(url) ⇒ Object

Uses GraphQL data and DOM elements to collect information about the current post



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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 369

def parse(url)
  validate_and_load_page(url)
  graphql_strings = find_graphql_data_strings(page.html)
  post_data = extract_post_data(graphql_strings)
  post_data[:url] = url
  user_url = post_data[:profile_link]

  5.times do
    begin
      post_data[:screenshot_file] = take_screenshot
      break
    rescue Net::ReadTimeout; end

    sleep(5)
  end

  # page.quit # Close browser between page navigations to prevent cache folder access issues

  post_data[:user] = User.lookup(user_url).first
  page.quit

  post_data
rescue Net::ReadTimeout => e
  puts "Time out error: #{e}"
  puts e.backtrace
rescue StandardError => e
  raise e
ensure
  page.quit
end

#take_screenshot ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/forki/scrapers/post_scraper.rb', line 357

def take_screenshot
  # First check whether post being scraped has a fact check overlay. If it does clear it.
  begin
    find('div[aria-label=" See Photo "]').click() || find('div[aria-label=" See Video "]').click()
  rescue Capybara::ElementNotFound
    # Do nothing if element not found
  end

  save_screenshot("#{Forki.temp_storage_location}/facebook_screenshot_#{SecureRandom.uuid}.png")
end