Class: Hash

Inherits:
Object show all
Defined in:
lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb

Class Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Class Method Details

.lazy! ⇒ Object

Hash keys become methods, kinda like OpenStruct. These methods have the lowest priority, so be careful. They will be overridden by any methods on Hash.



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 190

def self.lazy!
  Hash.class_eval do
    def method_missing(name, *args)
      if args.any?
        super
      else
        self[name] || self[name.to_s]
      end
    end
  end
end

.of_arrays ⇒ Object

Returns a new Hash whose values default to empty arrays. (Good for collecting things!)

eg:

Hash.of_arrays[:yays] << "YAY!"



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 145

def self.of_arrays
  new {|h,k| h[k] = [] }
end

.of_integers ⇒ Object

Returns a new Hash whose values default to 0. (Good for counting things!)

eg:

Hash.of_integers[:yays] += 1



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 165

def self.of_integers
  new(0)
end

.of_sets ⇒ Object

Returns a new Hash whose values default to empty sets. (Good for collecting unique things!)

eg:

Hash.of_sets[:yays] << "Yay!"



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 155

def self.of_sets
  new {|h,k| h[k] = Set.new }
end

.of_unique_ids ⇒ Object

Returns a new Hash which automatically assigns each unique key to an increasing counter.

eg:

> h = Hash.of_unique_ids
=> {}
> h["Person"]               #=> 0
> h["Another Person"]       #=> 1
> h["Yet Another Person"]   #=> 2
> h["Person"]               #=> 0
> h
=> {"Person"=>0, "Another Person"=>1, "Yet Another Person"=>2}



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 182

def self.of_unique_ids
  new { |h,k| h[k] = h.size }
end

Instance Method Details

#+(other) ⇒ Object

‘hash1 + hash2` merge the two hashes, returning a new hash



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 7

def +(other)
  merge(other)
end

#-(other) ⇒ Object

‘hash1 - hash2` removes keys from hash1 that exist in hash2, returning a new hash



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 14

def -(other)
  dup.delete_if { |k,v| other.includes?(k) }
end

#apply_diff(changes) ⇒ Object

Applies a Hash#diff changeset and returns the transformed hash.



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 353

def apply_diff(changes)
  deep_dup.apply_diff!(changes)
end

#apply_diff!(changes) ⇒ Object

Applies a Hash#diff changeset to this hash.



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 327

def apply_diff!(changes)
  path = [[self, changes]]
  pos, local_changes = path.pop

  while local_changes
    local_changes.each_pair do |key, change|
      if change.kind_of?(Array)
        if change[1].nil?
          pos.delete key
        else
          pos[key] = change[1]
        end
      else
        path.push([pos[key], change])
      end
    end

    pos, local_changes = path.pop
  end

  self
end

#blank? ⇒ Boolean

‘true’ if the Hash has no entries

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 21

def blank?
  not any?
end

#deep_dup ⇒ Object

Duplicate this hash, including hashes nested inside of it.



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 360

def deep_dup
  duplicate = self.dup
  duplicate.each_pair do |k,v|
    tv = duplicate[k]
    duplicate[k] = tv.is_a?(Hash) && v.is_a?(Hash) ? tv.deep_dup : v
  end
  duplicate
end

#diff(other) ⇒ Object

Return all the changes necessary to transform ‘self` into `other`. (Works on nested hashes.) The result is a hash of => [old value, new value] pairs.

(NOTE: Since “nil” is used to denote a value was removed, you can’t use this method to diff hashes where a value is “nil”.)



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 311

def diff(other)
  (self.keys + other.keys).uniq.inject({}) do |memo, key|
    unless self[key] == other[key]
      if self[key].kind_of?(Hash) && other[key].kind_of?(Hash)
        memo[key] = self[key].diff(other[key])
      else
        memo[key] = [self[key], other[key]]
      end
    end
    memo
  end
end

#map_keys(&block) ⇒ Object Also known as: transform_keys

Transforms the keys of the hash by passing them into the supplied block, and then using the blocks result as the new key.



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 76

def map_keys(&block)
  dup.map_keys!(&block)
end

#map_keys!(&block) ⇒ Object Also known as: transform_keys!

Runs map_keys on self.



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 63

def map_keys!(&block)
  keys.each do |key|
    value = delete(key)
    self[yield(key)] = value
  end
  self
end

#map_values(&block) ⇒ Object

Transforms the values of the hash by passing them into the supplied block, and then using the block’s result as the new value.



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 56

def map_values(&block)
  dup.map_values!(&block)
end

#map_values!(&block) ⇒ Object

Runs map_values on self.



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 44

def map_values!(&block)
  keys.each do |key|
    value = self[key]
    self[key] = yield(value)
  end
  self
end

#mkdir_p(path) ⇒ Object

Makes each element in the ‘path` array point to a hash containing the next element in the `path`. Useful for turning a bunch of strings (paths, module names, etc.) into a tree.

Example:

h = {}
h.mkdir_p(["a", "b", "c"])    #=> {"a"=>{"b"=>{"c"=>{}}}}
h.mkdir_p(["a", "b", "whoa"]) #=> {"a"=>{"b"=>{"c"=>{}, "whoa"=>{}}}}



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 217

def mkdir_p(path)
  return if path.empty?
  dir = path.first
  self[dir] ||= {}
  self[dir].mkdir_p(path[1..-1])
  self
end

#print_tree(level = 0, indent = " ", &block) ⇒ Object

Print the result of ‘tree`



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 241

def print_tree(level=0, indent="  ", &block)
  dent = indent * level

  each do |key, val|
    puts block_given? ? yield(key, level) : "#{dent}#{key}"
    val.print_tree(level+1, indent, &block) if val.any?
  end
end

#query(template) ⇒ Object Also known as: mql

Query a hash using MQL (see: wiki.freebase.com/wiki/MQL_operators for reference)

Examples:

> query(name: /steve/)
> query(/title/ => ??)
> query(articles: [{title: ??}])
> query(responses: [])
> query("date_of_birth<" => "2000")



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 289

def query(template)
  results = []
  template.each do |key,val|
    case key
    when Regexp, String
    when Array
    when Hash
      results += hash.query(template)
    end
  end

  map do |key,val|
  end
end

#remove_blank_values ⇒ Object

Returns a new Hash where blank values have been removed. (It checks if the value is blank by calling #blank? on it)



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 37

def remove_blank_values
  dup.remove_blank_values!
end

#remove_blank_values! ⇒ Object

Runs “remove_blank_values” on self.



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 28

def remove_blank_values!
  delete_if{|k,v| v.blank?}
  self
end

#slice(*keys) ⇒ Object

Returns a hash containing only the keys passed as arguments.



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 125

def slice(*keys)
  dup.slice!(*keys)
end

#slice!(*keys) ⇒ Object

Alters the hash so it contains only the keys passed as arguments.



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 133

def slice!(*keys)
  keys = Set.new keys
  delete_if { |k,v| not keys.include? k }
  self
end

#symbolize_keys ⇒ Object

Return a hash with its keys converted to symbols, for great justice



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 118

def symbolize_keys
  dup.symbolize_keys!
end

#symbolize_keys! ⇒ Object

Convert the keys to symbols in-place, for fun and profit



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 111

def symbolize_keys!
  map_keys! { |k| k.to_sym }
end

#to_nicejson ⇒ Object Also known as: to_nice_json

Convert this Hash to indented JSON (using JSON.pretty_generate)



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 381

def to_nicejson
  JSON.pretty_generate(self)
end

#to_ostruct ⇒ Object

Convert this Hash (and all nested Hashes, and all nested Arrays containing Hashes) to OpenStruct(s)



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 372

def to_ostruct
  OpenStruct.new(self.map_values do |v|
    v.respond_to?(:to_ostruct) ? v.to_ostruct : v
  end)
end

#to_query ⇒ Object

Convert the hash into a GET query.



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 253

def to_query
  params = ''
  stack = []

  each do |k, v|
    if v.is_a?(Hash)
      stack << [k,v]
    else
      params << "#{k}=#{v}&"
    end
  end

  stack.each do |parent, hash|
    hash.each do |k, v|
      if v.is_a?(Hash)
        stack << ["#{parent}[#{k}]", v]
      else
        params << "#{parent}[#{k}]=#{v}&"
      end
    end
  end

  params.chop! # trailing &
  params
end

#translate_keys(mapping) ⇒ Object

Same as ‘translate_keys!`, except it returns a copy of the hash



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 104

def translate_keys(mapping)
  dup.translate_keys!(mapping)
end

#translate_keys!(mapping) ⇒ Object

Translate keys to other keys, given a hash of old-key to new-key mappings.

eg: hash.translate_keys!(

  "Extreme Sports!!!!" => :extreme_sports,
  "Mediocre sports"    => :sports,
  "Pretty okay sports" => :sports,
  "Golf"               => :liesure_activities,
)



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 91

def translate_keys!(mapping)
  # TODO: Allow regexes and lambdas (eg: translate_keys!(/.+/ => ->(key) { key.to_sym })
  mapping.each do |src,dest|
    if includes? src
      self[dest] = delete(src)
    end
  end
  self
end

#tree(level = 0, indent = " ") ⇒ Object

Turn some nested hashes into a tree (returns an array of strings, padded on the left with indents.)



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# File 'lib/epitools/core_ext/hash.rb', line 228

def tree(level=0, indent="  ")
  result = []
  dent = indent * level
  each do |key, val|
    result << dent+key.to_s
    result += val.tree(level+1) if val.any?
  end
  result
end