Class: Bitcoin::Protocol::Tx
- Inherits:
-
Object
- Object
- Bitcoin::Protocol::Tx
- Defined in:
- lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb
Constant Summary collapse
- SIGHASH_TYPE =
{ all: 1, none: 2, single: 3, anyonecanpay: 128 }
- DEFAULT_BLOCK_PRIORITY_SIZE =
27000
Instance Attribute Summary collapse
-
#hash ⇒ Object
readonly
transaction hash.
-
#in ⇒ Object
(also: #inputs)
readonly
inputs (Array of TxIn).
-
#lock_time ⇒ Object
lock time.
-
#out ⇒ Object
(also: #outputs)
readonly
outputs (Array of TxOut).
-
#payload ⇒ Object
readonly
raw protocol payload.
-
#scripts ⇒ Object
readonly
parsed / evaluated input scripts cached for later use.
-
#ver ⇒ Object
version (usually 1).
Class Method Summary collapse
-
.binary_from_hash(h) ⇒ Object
convert ruby hash to raw binary.
-
.binary_from_json(json_string) ⇒ Object
convert json representation to raw binary.
-
.from_file(path) ⇒ Object
read binary block from a file.
-
.from_hash(h, do_raise = true) ⇒ Object
parse ruby hash (see also #to_hash).
-
.from_json(json_string) ⇒ Object
parse json representation.
-
.from_json_file(path) ⇒ Object
read json block from a file.
Instance Method Summary collapse
-
#==(other) ⇒ Object
compare to another tx.
-
#add_in(input) ⇒ Object
add an input.
-
#add_out(output) ⇒ Object
add an output.
-
#binary_hash ⇒ Object
return the tx hash in binary format.
- #bitcoinconsensus_verify_script(in_idx, outpoint_tx_or_script, block_timestamp = Time.now.to_i, opts = {}) ⇒ Object
- #calculate_minimum_fee(allow_free = true, mode = :block) ⇒ Object
-
#hash_from_payload(payload) ⇒ Object
(also: #generate_hash)
generate the tx hash for given
payload
in hex format. -
#initialize(data = nil) ⇒ Tx
constructor
create tx from raw binary
data
. - #is_coinbase? ⇒ Boolean
-
#is_final?(block_height, block_time) ⇒ Boolean
Checks if transaction is final taking into account height and time of a block in which it is located (or about to be included if it’s unconfirmed tx).
- #legacy_sigops_count ⇒ Object
- #minimum_block_fee ⇒ Object
- #minimum_relay_fee ⇒ Object
- #normalized_hash ⇒ Object (also: #nhash)
-
#parse_data_from_io(data) ⇒ Object
(also: #parse_data)
parse raw binary data.
-
#signature_hash_for_input(input_idx, subscript, hash_type = nil) ⇒ Object
generate a signature hash for input
input_idx
. - #size ⇒ Object
-
#to_hash(options = {}) ⇒ Object
convert to ruby hash (see also #from_hash).
-
#to_json(options = {:space => ''}, *a) ⇒ Object
generates rawblock json as seen in the block explorer.
-
#to_json_file(path) ⇒ Object
write json representation to a file (see also #to_json).
-
#to_payload ⇒ Object
output transaction in raw binary format.
-
#verify_input_signature(in_idx, outpoint_tx_or_script, block_timestamp = Time.now.to_i, opts = {}) ⇒ Object
verify input signature
in_idx
against the corresponding output inoutpoint_tx
outpoint.
Constructor Details
#initialize(data = nil) ⇒ Tx
create tx from raw binary data
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 45 def initialize(data=nil) @ver, @lock_time, @in, @out, @scripts = 1, 0, [], [], [] @enable_bitcoinconsensus = !!ENV['USE_BITCOINCONSENSUS'] parse_data_from_io(data) if data end |
Instance Attribute Details
#hash ⇒ Object (readonly)
transaction hash
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 11 def hash @hash end |
#in ⇒ Object (readonly) Also known as: inputs
inputs (Array of TxIn)
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 14 def in @in end |
#lock_time ⇒ Object
lock time
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 26 def lock_time @lock_time end |
#out ⇒ Object (readonly) Also known as: outputs
outputs (Array of TxOut)
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 17 def out @out end |
#payload ⇒ Object (readonly)
raw protocol payload
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 20 def payload @payload end |
#scripts ⇒ Object (readonly)
parsed / evaluated input scripts cached for later use
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 29 def scripts @scripts end |
#ver ⇒ Object
version (usually 1)
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 23 def ver @ver end |
Class Method Details
.binary_from_hash(h) ⇒ Object
convert ruby hash to raw binary
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 271 def self.binary_from_hash(h); from_hash(h).to_payload; end |
.binary_from_json(json_string) ⇒ Object
convert json representation to raw binary
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 277 def self.binary_from_json(json_string); from_json(json_string).to_payload; end |
.from_file(path) ⇒ Object
read binary block from a file
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 280 def self.from_file(path); new( Bitcoin::Protocol.read_binary_file(path) ); end |
.from_hash(h, do_raise = true) ⇒ Object
parse ruby hash (see also #to_hash)
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 256 def self.from_hash(h, do_raise=true) tx = new(nil) tx.ver, tx.lock_time = (h['ver'] || h['version']), h['lock_time'] ins = h['in'] || h['inputs'] outs = h['out'] || h['outputs'] ins .each{|input| tx.add_in TxIn.from_hash(input) } outs.each{|output| tx.add_out TxOut.from_hash(output) } tx.instance_eval{ @hash = hash_from_payload(@payload = to_payload) } if h['hash'] && (h['hash'] != tx.hash) raise "Tx hash mismatch! Claimed: #{h['hash']}, Actual: #{tx.hash}" if do_raise end tx end |
.from_json(json_string) ⇒ Object
parse json representation
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 274 def self.from_json(json_string); from_hash( JSON.load(json_string) ); end |
.from_json_file(path) ⇒ Object
read json block from a file
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 283 def self.from_json_file(path); from_json( Bitcoin::Protocol.read_binary_file(path) ); end |
Instance Method Details
#==(other) ⇒ Object
compare to another tx
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 35 def ==(other) @hash == other.hash end |
#add_in(input) ⇒ Object
add an input
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 58 def add_in(input); (@in ||= []) << input; end |
#add_out(output) ⇒ Object
add an output
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 61 def add_out(output); (@out ||= []) << output; end |
#binary_hash ⇒ Object
return the tx hash in binary format
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 40 def binary_hash @binary_hash ||= [@hash].pack("H*").reverse end |
#bitcoinconsensus_verify_script(in_idx, outpoint_tx_or_script, block_timestamp = Time.now.to_i, opts = {}) ⇒ Object
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 207 def bitcoinconsensus_verify_script(in_idx, outpoint_tx_or_script, =Time.now.to_i, opts={}) raise "Bitcoin::BitcoinConsensus shared library not found" unless Bitcoin::BitcoinConsensus.lib_available? # If given an entire previous transaction, take the script from it script_pubkey = if outpoint_tx_or_script.respond_to?(:out) outpoint_idx = @in[in_idx].prev_out_index outpoint_tx_or_script.out[outpoint_idx].pk_script else # Otherwise, it's already a script. outpoint_tx_or_script end flags = Bitcoin::BitcoinConsensus::SCRIPT_VERIFY_NONE flags |= Bitcoin::BitcoinConsensus::SCRIPT_VERIFY_P2SH if >= 1333238400 flags |= Bitcoin::BitcoinConsensus::SCRIPT_VERIFY_SIGPUSHONLY if opts[:verify_sigpushonly] flags |= Bitcoin::BitcoinConsensus::SCRIPT_VERIFY_MINIMALDATA if opts[:verify_minimaldata] flags |= Bitcoin::BitcoinConsensus::SCRIPT_VERIFY_CLEANSTACK if opts[:verify_cleanstack] flags |= Bitcoin::BitcoinConsensus::SCRIPT_VERIFY_LOW_S if opts[:verify_low_s] payload ||= to_payload Bitcoin::BitcoinConsensus.verify_script(in_idx, script_pubkey, payload, flags) end |
#calculate_minimum_fee(allow_free = true, mode = :block) ⇒ Object
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 324 def calculate_minimum_fee(allow_free=true, mode=:block) # Base fee is either nMinTxFee or nMinRelayTxFee base_fee = (mode == :relay) ? Bitcoin.network[:min_relay_tx_fee] : Bitcoin.network[:min_tx_fee] tx_size = to_payload.bytesize min_fee = (1 + tx_size / 1_000) * base_fee if allow_free # There is a free transaction area in blocks created by most miners, # * If we are relaying we allow transactions up to DEFAULT_BLOCK_PRIORITY_SIZE - 1000 # to be considered to fall into this category. We don't want to encourage sending # multiple transactions instead of one big transaction to avoid fees. # * If we are creating a transaction we allow transactions up to 1,000 bytes # to be considered safe and assume they can likely make it into this section. min_fee = 0 if tx_size < (mode == :block ? Bitcoin.network[:free_tx_bytes] : DEFAULT_BLOCK_PRIORITY_SIZE - 1_000) end # This code can be removed after enough miners have upgraded to version 0.9. # Until then, be safe when sending and require a fee if any output is less than CENT if min_fee < base_fee && mode == :block outputs.each do |output| if output.value < Bitcoin.network[:dust] # If per dust fee, then we add min fee for each output less than dust. # Otherwise, we set to min fee if there is any output less than dust. if Bitcoin.network[:per_dust_fee] min_fee += base_fee else min_fee = base_fee break end end end end min_fee = Bitcoin::network[:max_money] unless min_fee.between?(0, Bitcoin::network[:max_money]) min_fee end |
#hash_from_payload(payload) ⇒ Object Also known as: generate_hash
generate the tx hash for given payload
in hex format
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 52 def hash_from_payload(payload) Digest::SHA256.digest(Digest::SHA256.digest( payload )).reverse_hth end |
#is_coinbase? ⇒ Boolean
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 361 def is_coinbase? inputs.size == 1 and inputs.first.coinbase? end |
#is_final?(block_height, block_time) ⇒ Boolean
Checks if transaction is final taking into account height and time of a block in which it is located (or about to be included if it’s unconfirmed tx).
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 291 def is_final?(block_height, block_time) # No time lock - tx is final. return true if lock_time == 0 # Time based nLockTime implemented in 0.1.6 # If lock_time is below the magic threshold treat it as a block height. # If lock_time is above the threshold, it's a unix timestamp. return true if lock_time < (lock_time < Bitcoin::LOCKTIME_THRESHOLD ? block_height : block_time) inputs.each{|input| return false if !input.is_final? } return true end |
#legacy_sigops_count ⇒ Object
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 305 def legacy_sigops_count # Note: input scripts normally never have any opcodes since every input script # can be statically reduced to a pushdata-only script. # However, anyone is allowed to create a non-standard transaction with any opcodes in the inputs. count = 0 self.in.each do |txin| count += Bitcoin::Script.new(txin.script_sig).sigops_count_accurate(false) end self.out.each do |txout| count += Bitcoin::Script.new(txout.pk_script).sigops_count_accurate(false) end count end |
#minimum_block_fee ⇒ Object
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 322 def minimum_block_fee; calculate_minimum_fee(allow_free=true, :block); end |
#minimum_relay_fee ⇒ Object
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 321 def minimum_relay_fee; calculate_minimum_fee(allow_free=true, :relay); end |
#normalized_hash ⇒ Object Also known as: nhash
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 365 def normalized_hash signature_hash_for_input(-1, nil, SIGHASH_TYPE[:all]).reverse.hth end |
#parse_data_from_io(data) ⇒ Object Also known as: parse_data
parse raw binary data
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 64 def parse_data_from_io(data) buf = data.is_a?(String) ? StringIO.new(data) : data payload_start = buf.pos @ver = buf.read(4).unpack("V")[0] return false if buf.eof? in_size = Protocol.unpack_var_int_from_io(buf) @in = [] in_size.times{ break if buf.eof? @in << TxIn.from_io(buf) } return false if buf.eof? out_size = Protocol.unpack_var_int_from_io(buf) @out = [] out_size.times{ break if buf.eof? @out << TxOut.from_io(buf) } return false if buf.eof? @lock_time = buf.read(4).unpack("V")[0] payload_end = buf.pos; buf.seek(payload_start) @payload = buf.read( payload_end-payload_start ) @hash = hash_from_payload(@payload) if buf.eof? true else data.is_a?(StringIO) ? buf : buf.read end end |
#signature_hash_for_input(input_idx, subscript, hash_type = nil) ⇒ Object
generate a signature hash for input input_idx
. either pass the outpoint_tx
or the script_pubkey
directly.
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 121 def signature_hash_for_input(input_idx, subscript, hash_type=nil) # https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/e071a3f6c06f41068ad17134189a4ac3073ef76b/script.cpp#L834 # http://code.google.com/p/bitcoinj/source/browse/trunk/src/com/google/bitcoin/core/Script.java#318 # https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/OP_CHECKSIG#How_it_works # https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/c2e8c8acd8ae0c94c70b59f55169841ad195bb99/src/script.cpp#L1058 # https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/OP_CHECKSIG # Note: BitcoinQT checks if input_idx >= @in.size and returns 1 with an error message. # But this check is never actually useful because BitcoinQT would crash # right before VerifyScript if input index is out of bounds (inside CScriptCheck::operator()()). # That's why we don't need to do such a check here. # # However, if you look at the case SIGHASH_TYPE[:single] below, we must # return 1 because it's possible to have more inputs than outputs and BitcoinQT returns 1 as well. return "\x01".ljust(32, "\x00") if input_idx >= @in.size # ERROR: SignatureHash() : input_idx=%d out of range hash_type ||= SIGHASH_TYPE[:all] pin = @in.map.with_index{|input,idx| if idx == input_idx subscript = subscript.out[ input.prev_out_index ].script if subscript.respond_to?(:out) # legacy api (outpoint_tx) input.to_payload(subscript) else case (hash_type & 0x1f) when SIGHASH_TYPE[:none]; input.to_payload("", "\x00\x00\x00\x00") when SIGHASH_TYPE[:single]; input.to_payload("", "\x00\x00\x00\x00") else; input.to_payload("") end end } pout = @out.map(&:to_payload) in_size, out_size = Protocol.pack_var_int(@in.size), Protocol.pack_var_int(@out.size) case (hash_type & 0x1f) when SIGHASH_TYPE[:none] pout = "" out_size = Protocol.pack_var_int(0) when SIGHASH_TYPE[:single] return "\x01".ljust(32, "\x00") if input_idx >= @out.size # ERROR: SignatureHash() : input_idx=%d out of range (SIGHASH_SINGLE) pout = @out[0...(input_idx+1)].map.with_index{|out,idx| (idx==input_idx) ? out.to_payload : out.to_null_payload }.join out_size = Protocol.pack_var_int(input_idx+1) end if (hash_type & SIGHASH_TYPE[:anyonecanpay]) != 0 in_size, pin = Protocol.pack_var_int(1), [ pin[input_idx] ] end buf = [ [@ver].pack("V"), in_size, pin, out_size, pout, [@lock_time, hash_type].pack("VV") ].join Digest::SHA256.digest( Digest::SHA256.digest( buf ) ) end |
#size ⇒ Object
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 285 def size payload.bytesize end |
#to_hash(options = {}) ⇒ Object
convert to ruby hash (see also #from_hash)
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 231 def to_hash( = {}) @hash ||= hash_from_payload(to_payload) h = { 'hash' => @hash, 'ver' => @ver, # 'nid' => normalized_hash, 'vin_sz' => @in.size, 'vout_sz' => @out.size, 'lock_time' => @lock_time, 'size' => (@payload ||= to_payload).bytesize, 'in' => @in.map{|i| i.to_hash() }, 'out' => @out.map{|o| o.to_hash() } } h['nid'] = normalized_hash if [:with_nid] h end |
#to_json(options = {:space => ''}, *a) ⇒ Object
generates rawblock json as seen in the block explorer.
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 245 def to_json( = {:space => ''}, *a) JSON.pretty_generate( to_hash(), ) end |
#to_json_file(path) ⇒ Object
write json representation to a file (see also #to_json)
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 251 def to_json_file(path) File.open(path, 'wb'){|f| f.print to_json; } end |
#to_payload ⇒ Object
output transaction in raw binary format
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 107 def to_payload pin = "" @in.each{|input| pin << input.to_payload } pout = "" @out.each{|output| pout << output.to_payload } [@ver].pack("V") << Protocol.pack_var_int(@in.size) << pin << Protocol.pack_var_int(@out.size) << pout << [@lock_time].pack("V") end |
#verify_input_signature(in_idx, outpoint_tx_or_script, block_timestamp = Time.now.to_i, opts = {}) ⇒ Object
verify input signature in_idx
against the corresponding output in outpoint_tx
outpoint
options are: verify_sigpushonly, verify_minimaldata, verify_cleanstack, verify_dersig, verify_low_s, verify_strictenc
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# File 'lib/bitcoin/protocol/tx.rb', line 178 def verify_input_signature(in_idx, outpoint_tx_or_script, =Time.now.to_i, opts={}) if @enable_bitcoinconsensus return bitcoinconsensus_verify_script(in_idx, outpoint_tx_or_script, , opts) end outpoint_idx = @in[in_idx].prev_out_index script_sig = @in[in_idx].script_sig # If given an entire previous transaction, take the script from it script_pubkey = if outpoint_tx_or_script.respond_to?(:out) outpoint_tx_or_script.out[outpoint_idx].pk_script else # Otherwise, it's already a script. outpoint_tx_or_script end @scripts[in_idx] = Bitcoin::Script.new(script_sig, script_pubkey) return false if opts[:verify_sigpushonly] && !@scripts[in_idx].is_push_only?(script_sig) return false if opts[:verify_minimaldata] && !@scripts[in_idx].pushes_are_canonical? sig_valid = @scripts[in_idx].run(, opts) do |pubkey,sig,hash_type,subscript| hash = signature_hash_for_input(in_idx, subscript, hash_type) Bitcoin.verify_signature( hash, sig, pubkey.unpack("H*")[0] ) end # BIP62 rule #6 return false if opts[:verify_cleanstack] && !@scripts[in_idx].stack.empty? return sig_valid end |