Class: Appium::Core::Base::Driver

Inherits:
Selenium::WebDriver::Driver
  • Object
show all
Includes:
HasLocation, HasRemoteStatus, Rotatable, SearchContext, TakesScreenshot, Selenium::WebDriver::DriverExtensions::HasNetworkConnection, Selenium::WebDriver::DriverExtensions::HasRemoteStatus, Selenium::WebDriver::DriverExtensions::HasSessionId, Selenium::WebDriver::DriverExtensions::HasTouchScreen, Selenium::WebDriver::DriverExtensions::HasWebStorage, Selenium::WebDriver::DriverExtensions::UploadsFiles
Defined in:
lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb

Constant Summary collapse

AVAILABLE_METHOD = 
[
  :get, :head, :post, :put, :delete,
  :connect, :options, :trace, :patch
].freeze

Constants included from SearchContext

SearchContext::FINDERS

Constants included from Rotatable

Rotatable::ORIENTATIONS

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Methods included from HasLocation

#location, #location=, #set_location

Methods included from HasRemoteStatus

#remote_status

Methods included from TakesScreenshot

#element_screenshot_as, #save_element_screenshot, #save_screenshot, #save_viewport_screenshot, #screenshot_as

Methods included from SearchContext

#find_element, #find_elements

Methods included from Rotatable

#orientation, #rotation=

Constructor Details

#initialize(opts = {}) ⇒ Driver

Returns a new instance of Driver.



43
44
45
46
47
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 43

def initialize(opts = {})
  listener = opts.delete(:listener)
  @bridge = ::Appium::Core::Base::Bridge.handshake(**opts)
  super(@bridge, listener: listener)
end

Instance Attribute Details

#bridge ⇒ Object (readonly)

Private API. Do not use this for general use. Used by flutter driver to get bridge for creating a new element



41
42
43
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 41

def bridge
  @bridge
end

Instance Method Details

#activate_app(app_id) ⇒ Hash

Activate(Launch) the specified app.

Examples:


@driver.activate_app("io.appium.bundle") #=> {}

Returns:

  • (Hash) 


762
763
764
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 762

def activate_app(app_id)
  @bridge.activate_app(app_id)
end

#add_command(method:, url:, name:, &block) ⇒ Object

Define a new custom method to the driver so that you can define your own method for drivers/plugins in Appium 2.0. Appium 2.0 and its custom drivers/plugins allow you to define custom commands that are not part of W3C spec.

Examples:


@driver.add_command(
  method: :get,
  url: 'session/:session_id/path/to/custom/url',
  name: :test_command
)
# Send a GET request to 'session/<session id>/path/to/custom/url'
@driver.test_command

@driver.add_command(
  method: :post,
  url: 'session/:session_id/path/to/custom/url',
  name: :test_command
) do
  def test_command(argument)
    execute(:test_command, {}, { dummy: argument })
  end
end
# Send a POST request to 'session/<session id>/path/to/custom/url'
# with body "{ dummy: 1 }" as JSON object. "1" is the argument.
# ':session_id' in the given 'url' is replaced with current 'session id'.
@driver.test_command(1)

@driver.add_command(
  method: :post,
  url: 'session/:session_id/element/:id/custom/action',
  name: :test_action_command
) do
  def test_action_command(element_id, action)
    execute(:test_action_command, {id: element_id}, { dummy_action: action })
  end
end
# Send a POST request to 'session/<session id>/element/<element id>/custom/action'
# with body "{ dummy_action: #{action} }" as JSON object. "action" is the seconds argument.
# ':session_id' in the given url is replaced with current 'session id'.
# ':id' in the given url is replaced with the given 'element_id'.
e = @driver.find_element :accessibility_id, 'an element'
@driver.test_action_command(e.ref, 'action')

Parameters:

  • method (Symbol) —

    HTTP request method as www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/#endpoints

  • url (string) —

    The url to URL template as www.w3.org/TR/webdriver/#endpoints. :session_id is the placeholder of ‘session id’. Other place holders can be specified with : prefix like :id. Then, the :id will be replaced with a given value as the seconds argument of execute

  • name (Symbol) —

    The name of method that is called as the driver instance method.

  • block (Proc) —

    The block to involve as the method

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) —

    If the given name is already defined or method are invalid value.



137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 137

def add_command(method:, url:, name:, &block)
  unless AVAILABLE_METHOD.include? method
    raise ::Appium::Core::Error::ArgumentError, "Available method is either #{AVAILABLE_METHOD}"
  end

  # TODO: Remove this logger
  ::Appium::Logger.info '[Experimental] this method is experimental for Appium 2.0. This interface may change.'

  @bridge.add_command method: method, url: url, name: name, &block
end

#app_installed?(app_id) ⇒ Boolean

Check whether the specified app is installed on the device

Examples:


@driver.app_installed?("io.appium.bundle")

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


751
752
753
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 751

def app_installed?(app_id)
  @bridge.app_installed?(app_id)
end

#app_state(app_id) ⇒ AppState::STATUS Also known as: query_app_state

Get the status of an existing application on the device. State:

:not_installed : The current application state cannot be determined/is unknown
:not_running : The application is not running
:running_in_background_suspended : The application is running in the background and is suspended
:running_in_background : The application is running in the background and is not suspended
:running_in_foreground : The application is running in the foreground

For more details: developer.apple.com/documentation/xctest/xcuiapplicationstate

Examples:


@driver.app_state("io.appium.bundle") #=> :not_running
# Compatibility for other clients
@driver.query_app_state("io.appium.bundle") #=> :not_running

Parameters:

  • app_id (String) —

    A target app’s bundle id

Returns:

  • (AppState::STATUS) —

    A number of the state



801
802
803
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 801

def app_state(app_id)
  @bridge.app_state(app_id)
end

#app_strings(language = nil) ⇒ Hash

Return the hash of all localization strings.

Examples:


@driver.app_strings #=> "TransitionsTitle"=>"Transitions", "WebTitle"=>"Web"

Returns:

  • (Hash) 


677
678
679
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 677

def app_strings(language = nil)
  @bridge.app_strings(language)
end

#available_contexts ⇒ Array<String>

Returns All usable contexts, as an array of strings.

Examples:


@driver.available_contexts

Returns:

  • (Array<String>) —

    All usable contexts, as an array of strings.



443
444
445
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 443

def available_contexts
  @bridge.available_contexts
end

#back ⇒ String

Get the device window’s size.

Examples:

@driver.back # back to the previous view

Returns:

  • (String) 


942
943
944
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 942

def back
  navigate.back
end

#background_app(duration = 0) ⇒ String

Backgrounds the app for a set number of seconds. This is a blocking application

Examples:


@driver.background_app
@driver.background_app(5)
@driver.background_app(-1) #=> the app never come back. https://github.com/appium/appium/issues/7741

Parameters:

  • duration (Integer) (defaults to: 0) —

    How many seconds to background the app for.

Returns:

  • (String) 


692
693
694
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 692

def background_app(duration = 0)
  @bridge.background_app(duration)
end

#close_app ⇒ Object

Close an app on device

Examples:


@driver.close_app


656
657
658
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 656

def close_app
  @bridge.close_app
end

#compare_images(mode: :matchFeatures, first_image:, second_image:, options: nil) ⇒ Object 



1100
1101
1102
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 1100

def compare_images(mode: :matchFeatures, first_image:, second_image:, options: nil)
  @bridge.compare_images(mode: mode, first_image: first_image, second_image: second_image, options: options)
end

#context=(context = null) ⇒ Object Also known as: set_context

Change the context to the given context.

Examples:


@driver.set_context "NATIVE_APP"
@driver.context = "NATIVE_APP"

Parameters:

  • context (String) (defaults to: null) —

    The context to change to



455
456
457
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 455

def context=(context = null)
  @bridge.set_context(context)
end

#convert_to_element(id) ⇒ ::Selenium::WebDriver::Element

Convert vanilla element response to ::Selenium::WebDriver::Element

Examples:

response = {"element-6066-11e4-a52e-4f735466cecf"=>"xxxx", "ELEMENT"=>"xxxx"}
ele = @driver.convert_to_element(response) #=> ::Selenium::WebDriver::Element
ele.rect #=> Can get the rect of the element

Parameters:

  • id (Hash) —

    The id which can get as a response from server

Returns:



1193
1194
1195
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 1193

def convert_to_element(id)
  @bridge.convert_to_element id
end

#current_context ⇒ String

Returns The context currently being used.

Examples:


@driver.current_context

Returns:

  • (String) —

    The context currently being used.



433
434
435
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 433

def current_context
  @bridge.current_context
end

#device_time(format = nil) ⇒ String

Get the time on the device

Examples:


@driver.device_time #=> "2018-06-12T11:13:31+02:00"
@driver.device_time "YYYY-MM-DD" #=> "2018-06-12"

Parameters:

  • format (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    The set of format specifiers. Read momentjs.com/docs/ to get the full list of supported datetime format specifiers. The default format is YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ssZ, which complies to ISO-8601

Returns:

  • (String) —

    Formatted datetime string or the raw command output if formatting fails



863
864
865
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 863

def device_time(format = nil)
  @bridge.device_time(format)
end

#dialect ⇒ :oss|:w3c

Get the dialect value

Returns:

  • (:oss|:w3c) 


51
52
53
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 51

def dialect
  @bridge.dialect
end

#execute_driver(script: '', type: 'webdriverio', timeout_ms: nil) ⇒ Appium::Core::Base::Device::ExecuteDriver::Result

Run a set of script against the current session, allowing execution of many commands in one Appium request. Supports WebdriverIO API so far. Please read command API for more details about acceptable scripts and the output.

Examples:

script = <<~SCRIPT
  const status = await driver.status();
  console.warn('warning message');
  return [status];
SCRIPT
r = @@driver.execute_driver(script: script, type: 'webdriverio', timeout: 10_000)
r        #=> An instance of Appium::Core::Base::Device::ExecuteDriver::Result
r.result #=> The 'result' key part as the result of the script
r.logs   #=> The 'logs' key part as '{'log' => [], 'warn' => [], 'error' => []}'

Parameters:

  • script (String) (defaults to: '') —

    The string consisting of the script itself

  • type (String) (defaults to: 'webdriverio') —

    The name of the script type. Defaults to ‘webdriverio’. Depends on server implementation which type is supported.

  • timeout_ms (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    The number of ms Appium should wait for the script to finish before killing it due to timeout.

Returns:

Raises:

  • (::Selenium::WebDriver::Error::UnknownError) —

    If something error happens in the script. It has the original message.

Since:

  • Appium 1.14.0



1179
1180
1181
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 1179

def execute_driver(script: '', type: 'webdriverio', timeout_ms: nil)
  @bridge.execute_driver(script: script, type: type, timeout_ms: timeout_ms)
end

#find_element_by_image(img_path) ⇒ ::Selenium::WebDriver::Element

Return an element if current view has a partial image. The logic depends on template matching by OpenCV. image-comparison

You can handle settings for the comparision following below. device-settings

Examples:


@@driver.update_settings({ fixImageFindScreenshotDims: false, fixImageTemplateSize: true,
                           autoUpdateImageElementPosition: true })
e = @@driver.find_element_by_image './test/functional/data/test_element_image.png'

Parameters:

  • img_path (String) —

    A path to a partial image you’d like to find

Returns:

Since:

  • Appium 1.8.2



1121
1122
1123
1124
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 1121

def find_element_by_image(img_path)
  template = Base64.strict_encode64 File.read img_path
  find_element :image, template
end

#find_elements_by_image(img_path) ⇒ Array<Selenium::WebDriver::Element>

Return elements if current view has a partial image. The logic depends on template matching by OpenCV. image-comparison

You can handle settings for the comparision following below. device-settings

Examples:


@@driver.update_settings({ fixImageFindScreenshotDims: false, fixImageTemplateSize: true,
                           autoUpdateImageElementPosition: true })
e = @@driver.find_elements_by_image ['./test/functional/data/test_element_image.png']
e == [] # if the 'e' is empty

Parameters:

  • img_path (String) —

    A path to a partial image you’d like to find

Returns:

Since:

  • Appium 1.8.2



1144
1145
1146
1147
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 1144

def find_elements_by_image(img_path)
  template = Base64.strict_encode64 File.read img_path
  find_elements :image, template
end

#find_image_occurrence(full_image:, partial_image:, visualize: false, threshold: nil, multiple: nil, match_neighbour_threshold: nil) ⇒ Object 



1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 1086

def find_image_occurrence(full_image:, partial_image:, visualize: false, threshold: nil,
                          multiple: nil, match_neighbour_threshold: nil)
  @bridge.find_image_occurrence(full_image: full_image,
                                partial_image: partial_image,
                                visualize: visualize,
                                threshold: threshold,
                                multiple: multiple,
                                match_neighbour_threshold: match_neighbour_threshold)
end

#get_images_similarity(first_image:, second_image:, visualize: false) ⇒ Object 



1096
1097
1098
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 1096

def get_images_similarity(first_image:, second_image:, visualize: false)
  @bridge.get_images_similarity(first_image: first_image, second_image: second_image, visualize: visualize)
end

#get_settings ⇒ Object

Get appium Settings for current test session. Alias of @driver.settings.get

Examples:


@driver.get_settings
@driver.settings.get


279
280
281
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 279

def get_settings
  settings.get
end

#get_timeouts ⇒ Hash

For W3C. Get the timeout related settings on the server side.

Examples:

@driver.get_timeouts

Returns:

  • (Hash) 


966
967
968
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 966

def get_timeouts
  @bridge.get_timeouts
end

#hide_keyboard(close_key = nil, strategy = nil) ⇒ Object

Hide the onscreen keyboard

Examples:


@driver.hide_keyboard # Close a keyboard with the 'Done' button
@driver.hide_keyboard('Finished') # Close a keyboard with the 'Finished' button
@driver.hide_keyboard(nil, :tapOutside) # Close a keyboard with tapping out side of keyboard

Parameters:

  • close_key (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    The name of the key which closes the keyboard. Defaults to ‘Done’ for iOS(except for XCUITest).

  • strategy (Symbol) (defaults to: nil) —

    The symbol of the strategy which closes the keyboard. XCUITest ignore this argument. Default for iOS is :pressKey. Default for Android is :tapOutside.



198
199
200
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 198

def hide_keyboard(close_key = nil, strategy = nil)
  @bridge.hide_keyboard close_key, strategy
end

#ime ⇒ Appium::Core::Base::Driver::DeviceIME

Returns an instance of DeviceIME

Examples:


@driver.ime.activate engine: 'com.android.inputmethod.latin/.LatinIME'
@driver.ime.available_engines #=> Get the list of IME installed in the target device
@driver.ime.active_engine #=> Get the current active IME such as 'com.android.inputmethod.latin/.LatinIME'
@driver.ime.activated #=> True if IME is activated
@driver.ime.deactivate #=> Deactivate current IME engine

Returns:

  • (Appium::Core::Base::Driver::DeviceIME) 


339
340
341
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 339

def ime
  @device_ime ||= DeviceIME.new(@bridge) # rubocop:disable Naming/MemoizedInstanceVariableName
end

#ime_activate(ime_name) ⇒ Object

Android only. Make an engine that is available active.

Examples:


@driver.ime_activate engine: 'com.android.inputmethod.latin/.LatinIME'
@driver.ime.activate engine: 'com.android.inputmethod.latin/.LatinIME'

Parameters:

  • ime_name (String) —

    The IME owning the activity [required]



352
353
354
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 352

def ime_activate(ime_name)
  ime.activate(ime_name)
end

#ime_activated ⇒ Boolean

Examples:


@driver.ime_activated #=> True if IME is activated
@driver.ime.activated #=> True if IME is activated

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


388
389
390
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 388

def ime_activated
  ime.activated?
end

#ime_active_engine ⇒ Object

Android only. Get the name of the active IME engine.

Examples:


@driver.ime_active_engine #=> Get the current active IME such as 'com.android.inputmethod.latin/.LatinIME'
@driver.ime.active_engine #=> Get the current active IME such as 'com.android.inputmethod.latin/.LatinIME'


374
375
376
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 374

def ime_active_engine
  ime.active_engine
end

#ime_available_engines ⇒ Object

Android only. List all available input engines on the machine.

Examples:


@driver.ime_available_engines #=> Get the list of IME installed in the target device
@driver.ime.available_engines #=> Get the list of IME installed in the target device


363
364
365
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 363

def ime_available_engines
  ime.available_engines
end

#ime_deactivate ⇒ Object

Android only. De-activates the currently-active IME engine.

Examples:


@driver.ime_deactivate #=> Deactivate current IME engine
@driver.ime.deactivate #=> Deactivate current IME engine


399
400
401
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 399

def ime_deactivate
  ime.deactivate
end

#install_app(path, replace: nil, timeout: nil, allow_test_packages: nil, use_sdcard: nil, grant_permissions: nil) ⇒ Object

Install the given app onto the device

Examples:


@driver.install_app("/path/to/test.apk")
@driver.install_app("/path/to/test.apk", replace: true, timeout: 20000, allow_test_packages: true,
                    use_sdcard: false, grant_permissions: false)

Parameters:

  • path (String) —

    The absolute local path or remote http URL to an .ipa or .apk file, or a .zip containing one of these.

  • replace (Boolean) (defaults to: nil) —

    Only for Android. Whether to reinstall/upgrade the package if it is already present on the device under test. true by default

  • timeout (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Only for Android. How much time to wait for the installation to complete. 60000ms by default.

  • allow_test_packages (Boolean) (defaults to: nil) —

    Only for Android. Whether to allow installation of packages marked as test in the manifest. false by default

  • use_sdcard (Boolean) (defaults to: nil) —

    Only for Android. Whether to use the SD card to install the app. false by default

  • grant_permissions (Boolean) (defaults to: nil) —

    Only for Android. whether to automatically grant application permissions on Android 6+ after the installation completes. false by default



716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 716

def install_app(path,
                replace: nil,
                timeout: nil,
                allow_test_packages: nil,
                use_sdcard: nil,
                grant_permissions: nil)
  @bridge.install_app(path,
                      replace: replace,
                      timeout: timeout,
                      allow_test_packages: allow_test_packages,
                      use_sdcard: use_sdcard,
                      grant_permissions: grant_permissions)
end

#keyboard_shown? ⇒ Boolean Also known as: is_keyboard_shown

Get whether keyboard is displayed or not.

Examples:

@driver.is_keyboard_shown # false
@driver.keyboard_shown?   # true

Returns:

  • (Boolean) —

    Return true if keyboard is shown. Return false if keyboard is hidden.



209
210
211
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 209

def keyboard_shown?
  @bridge.is_keyboard_shown
end

#keyevent(key, metastate = nil) ⇒ Object

Send keyevent on the device.(Only for Selendroid) developer.android.com/reference/android/view/KeyEvent.html

Examples:


@driver.keyevent 82

Parameters:

  • key (integer) —

    The key to press.

  • metastate (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    The state the metakeys should be in when pressing the key.



592
593
594
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 592

def keyevent(key, metastate = nil)
  @bridge.keyevent(key, metastate)
end

#launch_app ⇒ Object

Start the simulator and application configured with desired capabilities

Examples:


@driver.launch_app


646
647
648
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 646

def launch_app
  @bridge.launch_app
end

#lock(duration = nil) ⇒ String

Lock the device

Examples:


@driver.lock    #=> Lock the device
@driver.lock(5) #=> Lock the device in 5 sec and unlock the device after 5 sec.
                #   Block other commands during locking the device.

Returns:

  • (String) 


159
160
161
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 159

def lock(duration = nil)
  @bridge.lock(duration)
end

#locked? ⇒ Boolean Also known as: device_locked?

Check current device status is weather locked or not

Examples:


@driver.device_locked?
@driver.locked?

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


170
171
172
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 170

def locked?
  @bridge.device_locked?
end

#logs ⇒ Appium::Core::Logs

Get the device window’s logs.

Examples:


@driver.logs.available_types # [:syslog, :crashlog, :performance]
@driver.logs.get :syslog # []

Returns:



954
955
956
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 954

def logs
  @logs ||= Logs.new(@bridge)
end

#long_press_keycode(key, metastate: [], flags: []) ⇒ Object

Long press keycode on the device. developer.android.com/reference/android/view/KeyEvent.html

Examples:


@driver.long_press_keycode 66
@driver.long_press_keycode 66, flags: [0x20, 0x2000]
@driver.long_press_keycode 66, metastate: [1], flags: [32, 8192]

Parameters:



636
637
638
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 636

def long_press_keycode(key, metastate: [], flags: [])
  @bridge.long_press_keycode(key, metastate: metastate, flags: flags)
end

#match_images_features(first_image:, second_image:, detector_name: 'ORB', match_func: 'BruteForce', good_matches_factor: nil, visualize: false) ⇒ Object

Image Comparison



1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 1072

def match_images_features(first_image:,
                          second_image:,
                          detector_name: 'ORB',
                          match_func: 'BruteForce',
                          good_matches_factor: nil,
                          visualize: false)
  @bridge.match_images_features(first_image: first_image,
                                second_image: second_image,
                                detector_name: detector_name,
                                match_func: match_func,
                                good_matches_factor: good_matches_factor,
                                visualize: visualize)
end

#multi_touch(actions) ⇒ Object 



872
873
874
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 872

def multi_touch(actions)
  @bridge.multi_touch(actions)
end

#perform_actions(data) ⇒ Object

Send multiple W3C action chains to server. Use @driver.action for single action chain.

@example: Zoom

f1 = @driver.action.add_pointer_input(:touch, 'finger1')
f1.create_pointer_move(duration: 1, x: 200, y: 500,
                       origin: ::Selenium::WebDriver::Interactions::PointerMove::VIEWPORT)
f1.create_pointer_down(:left)
f1.create_pointer_move(duration: 1, x: 200, y: 200,
                       origin: ::Selenium::WebDriver::Interactions::PointerMove::VIEWPORT)
f1.create_pointer_up(:left)

f2 = @driver.action.add_pointer_input(:touch, 'finger2')
f2.create_pointer_move(duration: 1, x: 200, y: 500,
                       origin: ::Selenium::WebDriver::Interactions::PointerMove::VIEWPORT)
f2.create_pointer_down(:left)
f2.create_pointer_move(duration: 1, x: 200, y: 800,
                       origin: ::Selenium::WebDriver::Interactions::PointerMove::VIEWPORT)
f2.create_pointer_up(:left)

@driver.perform_actions [f1, f2] #=> 'nil' if the action succeed

Parameters:

  • data (Array) —

    Array of actions

Returns:

  • nil|error

Raises:

  • (ArgumentError) 


902
903
904
905
906
907
908
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 902

def perform_actions(data)
  raise ArgumentError, "'#{data}' must be Array" unless data.is_a? Array

  @bridge.send_actions data.map(&:encode).compact
  data.each(&:clear_actions)
  nil
end

#press_keycode(key, metastate: [], flags: []) ⇒ Object

Press keycode on the device. developer.android.com/reference/android/view/KeyEvent.html

Examples:


@driver.press_keycode 66
@driver.press_keycode 66, flags: [0x02]
@driver.press_keycode 66, metastate: [1], flags: [32]

Parameters:



614
615
616
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 614

def press_keycode(key, metastate: [], flags: [])
  @bridge.press_keycode(key, metastate: metastate, flags: flags)
end

#pull_file(path) ⇒ Base64-decoded

Pull a file from the simulator/device. On iOS the server should have ifuse libraries installed and configured properly for this feature to work on real devices. On Android the application under test should be built with debuggable flag enabled in order to get access to its container on the internal file system.

iFuse GitHub page6

osxFuse FAQ

‘Debug Your App’ developer article

Examples:


decoded_file = @driver.pull_file '/local/data/some/path'     #=> Get the file at that path
decoded_file = @driver.pull_file 'Shenanigans.app/some/file'
               #=> Get 'some/file' from the install location of Shenanigans.app
decoded_file = @driver.pull_file '@com.appium.example/Documents/file.txt'
               #=> Get 'file.txt' in @com.appium.example/Documents
File.open('proper_filename', 'wb') { |f| f<< decoded_file }

Parameters:

  • path (String) —

    Either an absolute path OR, for iOS devices, a path relative to the app, as described. If the path starts with application id prefix, then the file will be pulled from the root of the corresponding application container. Otherwise the root folder is considered as / on Android and on iOS it is a media folder root (real devices only). Only pulling files from application containers is supported for iOS Simulator. Provide the remote path in format @bundle.identifier:container_type/relative_path_in_container (Make sure this in ifuse doc)

Returns:

  • (Base64-decoded) —

    Base64 decoded data



545
546
547
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 545

def pull_file(path)
  @bridge.pull_file(path)
end

#pull_folder(path) ⇒ Base64-decoded

Pull a folder content from the simulator/device. On iOS the server should have ifuse libraries installed and configured properly for this feature to work on real devices. On Android the application under test should be built with debuggable flag enabled in order to get access to its container on the internal file system.

iFuse GitHub page6

osxFuse FAQ

‘Debug Your App’ developer article

Examples:


decoded_file = @driver.pull_folder '/data/local/tmp' #=> Get the folder at that path
decoded_file = @driver.pull_file '@com.appium.example/Documents' #=> Get 'Documents' in @com.appium.example
File.open('proper_filename', 'wb') { |f| f<< decoded_file }

Parameters:

  • path (String) —

    Absolute path to the folder. If the path starts with @applicationId/ prefix, then the folder will be pulled from the root of the corresponding application container. Otherwise the root folder is considered as / on Android and on iOS it is a media folder root (real devices only). Only pulling files from application containers is supported for iOS Simulator. Provide the remote path in format @bundle.identifier:container_type/relative_path_in_container (Make sure this in ifuse doc)

Returns:

  • (Base64-decoded) —

    Base64 decoded data which is zip archived



579
580
581
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 579

def pull_folder(path)
  @bridge.pull_folder(path)
end

#push_file(path, filedata) ⇒ Object

Place a file in a specific location on the device. On iOS, the server should have ifuse libraries installed and configured properly for this feature to work on real devices. On Android, the application under test should be built with debuggable flag enabled in order to get access to its container on the internal file system.

iFuse GitHub page6

osxFuse FAQ

‘Debug Your App’ developer article

Examples:


@driver.push_file "/file/to/path", "data"

file = File.read "your/path/to/test_image.png"
@driver.push_file "/sdcard/Pictures", file # Push a file binary to /sdcard/Pictures path in Android

Parameters:

  • path (String) —

    Either an absolute path OR, for iOS devices, a path relative to the app, as described. If the path starts with application id prefix, then the file will be pushed to the root of the corresponding application container.

  • filedata (String) —

    Raw file data to be sent to the device. Converted to base64 in the method.



508
509
510
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 508

def push_file(path, filedata)
  @bridge.push_file(path, filedata)
end

#remove_app(app_id, keep_data: nil, timeout: nil) ⇒ Object

Examples:


@driver.remove_app("io.appium.bundle")
@driver.remove_app("io.appium.bundle", keep_data: false, timeout, 10000)

Parameters:

  • app_id (Strong) —

    BundleId for iOS or package name for Android

  • keep_data (Boolean) (defaults to: nil) —

    Only for Android. Whether to keep application data and caches after it is uninstalled. false by default

  • timeout (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Only for Android. How much time to wait for the uninstall to complete. 20000ms by default.



740
741
742
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 740

def remove_app(app_id, keep_data: nil, timeout: nil)
  @bridge.remove_app(app_id, keep_data: keep_data, timeout: timeout)
end

#replace_value(element, *value) ⇒ Object

Replace the value to element directly

Examples:


@driver.replace_value element, 'hello'


478
479
480
481
482
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 478

def replace_value(element, *value)
  ::Appium::Logger.warn '[DEPRECATION] driver#replace_value(element, *value) is deprecated. ' \
    'Use Element#replace_value(*value) instead'
  @bridge.replace_value(element, *value)
end

#reset ⇒ Object

Reset the device, relaunching the application.

Examples:


@driver.reset


666
667
668
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 666

def reset
  @bridge.reset
end

#send_keys(*key) ⇒ Object Also known as: type

DEPRECATION

Send keys for a current active element

Examples:


@driver.send_keys 'happy testing!'

Parameters:

  • key (String) —

    Input text



222
223
224
225
226
227
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 222

def send_keys(*key)
  ::Appium::Logger.warn(
    '[DEPRECATION] Driver#send_keys is deprecated in W3C spec. Use driver.action.<command>.perform instead'
  )
  @bridge.send_keys_to_active_element(key)
end

#session_capabilities ⇒ Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities, Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::W3C::Capabilities

Retrieve the capabilities of the specified session. It’s almost same as @driver.capabilities but you can get more details.

Examples:

@driver.session_capabilities

#=> uiautomator2
# <Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::W3C::Capabilities:0x007fa38dae1360
# @capabilities=
#     {:proxy=>nil,
#      :browser_name=>nil,
#      :browser_version=>nil,
#      :platform_name=>"android",
#      :page_load_strategy=>nil,
#      :remote_session_id=>nil,
#      :accessibility_checks=>nil,
#      :profile=>nil,
#      :rotatable=>nil,
#      :device=>nil,
#      "platform"=>"LINUX",
#      "webStorageEnabled"=>false,
#      "takesScreenshot"=>true,
#      "javascriptEnabled"=>true,
#      "databaseEnabled"=>false,
#      "networkConnectionEnabled"=>true,
#      "locationContextEnabled"=>false,
#      "warnings"=>{},
#      "desired"=>
#          {"platformName"=>"android",
#           "automationName"=>"uiautomator2",
#           "app"=>"/path/to/app/api.apk.zip",
#           "platformVersion"=>"8.1.0",
#           "deviceName"=>"Android Emulator",
#           "appPackage"=>"io.appium.android.apis",
#           "appActivity"=>"io.appium.android.apis.ApiDemos",
#           "someCapability"=>"some_capability",
#           "unicodeKeyboard"=>true,
#           "resetKeyboard"=>true},
#      "automationName"=>"uiautomator2",
#      "app"=>"/path/to/app/api.apk.zip",
#      "platformVersion"=>"8.1.0",
#      "deviceName"=>"emulator-5554",
#      "appPackage"=>"io.appium.android.apis",
#      "appActivity"=>"io.appium.android.apis.ApiDemos",
#      "someCapability"=>"some_capability",
#      "unicodeKeyboard"=>true,
#      "resetKeyboard"=>true,
#      "deviceUDID"=>"emulator-5554",
#      "deviceScreenSize"=>"1080x1920",
#      "deviceScreenDensity"=>420,
#      "deviceModel"=>"Android SDK built for x86",
#      "deviceManufacturer"=>"Google",
#      "pixelRatio"=>2.625,
#      "statBarHeight"=>63,
#      "viewportRect"=>{"left"=>0, "top"=>63, "width"=>1080, "height"=>1731}}>
#
#=> XCUITest
# <Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::W3C::Capabilities:0x007fb15dc01370
# @capabilities=
#     {:proxy=>nil,
#      :browser_name=>"UICatalog",
#      :browser_version=>nil,
#      :platform_name=>"ios",
#      :page_load_strategy=>nil,
#      :remote_session_id=>nil,
#      :accessibility_checks=>nil,
#      :profile=>nil,
#      :rotatable=>nil,
#      :device=>"iphone",
#      "udid"=>"DED4DBAD-8E5E-4AD6-BDC4-E75CF9AD84D8",
#      "automationName"=>"XCUITest",
#      "app"=>"/path/to/app/UICatalog.app",
#      "platformVersion"=>"11.4",
#      "deviceName"=>"iPhone Simulator",
#      "useNewWDA"=>true,
#      "useJSONSource"=>true,
#      "someCapability"=>"some_capability",
#      "sdkVersion"=>"11.4",
#      "CFBundleIdentifier"=>"com.example.apple-samplecode.UICatalog",
#      "pixelRatio"=>2,
#      "statBarHeight"=>23.4375,
#      "viewportRect"=>{"left"=>0, "top"=>47, "width"=>750, "height"=>1287}}>

Returns:

  • (Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities, Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::W3C::Capabilities) 


1055
1056
1057
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 1055

def session_capabilities
  @bridge.session_capabilities
end

#sessions ⇒ [Hash]

Returns available sessions on the Appium server

Examples:


@driver.sessions #=> [{'id' => 'c363add8-a7ca-4455-b9e3-9ac4d69e95b3', 'capabilities' => { capabilities as Hash }}]

Returns:

  • ([Hash]) 


1067
1068
1069
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 1067

def sessions
  @bridge.sessions
end

#set_immediate_value(element, *value) ⇒ Object

Set the value to element directly

Examples:


@driver.set_immediate_value element, 'hello'


466
467
468
469
470
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 466

def set_immediate_value(element, *value)
  ::Appium::Logger.warn '[DEPRECATION] driver#set_immediate_value(element, *value) is deprecated. ' \
    'Use Element#immediate_value(*value) instead'
  @bridge.set_immediate_value(element, *value)
end

#settings ⇒ Object

Returns an instance of DriverSettings to call get/update.

Examples:


@driver.settings.get
@driver.settings.update('allowInvisibleElements': true)


267
268
269
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 267

def settings
  @driver_settings ||= DriverSettings.new(@bridge) # rubocop:disable Naming/MemoizedInstanceVariableName
end

#settings=(value) ⇒ Object Also known as: update_settings

Update Appium Settings for current test session Alias of @driver.settings#update

Examples:


@driver.update_settings({ 'allowInvisibleElements': true })
@driver.settings.update({ 'allowInvisibleElements': true })
@driver.settings = { 'allowInvisibleElements': true }

Parameters:

  • value (Hash) —

    Settings to update, keys are settings, values to value to set each setting to



294
295
296
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 294

def settings=(value)
  settings.update(value)
end

#shake ⇒ Object

Cause the device to shake

Examples:


@driver.shake


847
848
849
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 847

def shake
  @bridge.shake
end

#stop_and_save_recording_screen(file_path) ⇒ Object

Examples:


# iOS
@driver.start_recording_screen video_type: 'libx264'
@driver.stop_and_save_recording_screen 'example.mp4' # Video type 'libx264' can be play as '.mp4' video

# Android
@driver.start_recording_screen
@driver.stop_and_save_recording_screen 'example.mp4'

Parameters:

  • file_path (String) —

    The path to save video decoded from base64 from Appium server.



837
838
839
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 837

def stop_and_save_recording_screen(file_path)
  @bridge.stop_and_save_recording_screen(file_path)
end

#stop_recording_screen(remote_path: nil, user: nil, pass: nil, method: 'PUT') ⇒ Object

Examples:


@driver.stop_recording_screen
@driver.stop_recording_screen remote_path: 'https://example.com', user: 'example', pass: 'pass', method: 'POST'

Parameters:

  • remote_path (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    The path to the remote location, where the resulting video should be uploaded. The following protocols are supported: http/https, ftp. Null or empty string value (the default setting) means the content of resulting file should be encoded as Base64 and passed as the endpoint response value. An exception will be thrown if the generated media file is too big to fit into the available process memory.

  • user (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    The name of the user for the remote authentication.

  • pass (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    The password for the remote authentication.

  • method (String) (defaults to: 'PUT') —

    The http multipart upload method name. The ‘PUT’ one is used by default.



821
822
823
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 821

def stop_recording_screen(remote_path: nil, user: nil, pass: nil, method: 'PUT')
  @bridge.stop_recording_screen(remote_path: remote_path, user: user, pass: pass, method: method)
end

#switch_to_default_context ⇒ Object

Change to the default context. This is equivalent to set_context nil.

Examples:


@driver.switch_to_default_context


423
424
425
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 423

def switch_to_default_context
  @bridge.switch_to_default_context
end

#terminate_app(app_id, timeout: nil) ⇒ Boolean

Terminate the specified app.

Examples:


@driver.terminate_app("io.appium.bundle") # true
@driver.terminate_app("io.appium.bundle", timeout: 500)

Parameters:

  • app_id (Strong) —

    BundleId for iOS or package name for Android

  • timeout (Integer) (defaults to: nil) —

    Only for Android. How much time to wait for the application termination to complete. 500ms by default.

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


778
779
780
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 778

def terminate_app(app_id, timeout: nil)
  @bridge.terminate_app(app_id, timeout: timeout)
end

#touch_actions(actions) ⇒ Object

touch actions



868
869
870
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 868

def touch_actions(actions)
  @bridge.touch_actions(actions)
end

#unlock ⇒ Object

Unlock the device

Examples:


@driver.unlock


181
182
183
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 181

def unlock
  @bridge.unlock
end

#update_sending_request_to(protocol:, host:, port:, path:) ⇒ Object

Update server_url and HTTP clients following this arguments, protocol, host, port and path. After this method, @bridge.http will be a new instance following them instead of server_url which is set before creating session. If @bridge.http did not have update_sending_request_to method, this method returns immediately.

Examples:


driver = core.start_driver server_url: 'http://example1.com:8000/wd/hub # @bridge.http is for 'http://example1.com:8000/wd/hub/'
driver.update_sending_request_to protocol: 'https', host: 'example2.com', port: 9000, path: '/wd/hub'
driver.manage.timeouts.implicit_wait = 10 # @bridge.http is for 'https://example2.com:9000/wd/hub/'


66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 66

def update_sending_request_to(protocol:, host:, port:, path:)
  unless @bridge.http&.class&.method_defined? :update_sending_request_to
    ::Appium::Logger.warn "#{@bridge.http&.class} has no 'update_sending_request_to'. " \
      'It keeps current connection target.'
    return
  end

  @bridge.http&.update_sending_request_to(scheme: protocol,
                                          host: host,
                                          port: port,
                                          path: path)
end

#window_rect ⇒ Selenium::WebDriver::Rectangle

Get the device window’s rect.

Examples:

size = @driver.window_rect
size.width #=> Integer
size.height #=> Integer
size.x #=> 0
size.y #=> 0

Returns:

  • (Selenium::WebDriver::Rectangle) 


932
933
934
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 932

def window_rect
  manage.window.rect
end

#window_size ⇒ Selenium::WebDriver::Dimension

Get the device window’s size.

Examples:

size = @driver.window_size
size.width #=> Integer
size.height #=> Integer

Returns:

  • (Selenium::WebDriver::Dimension) 


918
919
920
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 918

def window_size
  manage.window.size
end

#within_context(context, &block) ⇒ Object

Perform a block within the given context, then switch back to the starting context.

Examples:


result = @driver.within_context('NATIVE_APP') do
  @driver.find_element :tag, "button"
end # The result of 'find_element :tag, "button"'

Parameters:

  • context (String) —

    The context to switch to for the duration of the block.

  • block (Proc) —

    The block to involve within the context



413
414
415
 
# File 'lib/appium_lib_core/common/base/driver.rb', line 413

def within_context(context, &block)
  block_given? ? @bridge.within_context(context, &block) : @bridge.within_context(context)
end