Class: Net::FTP
Overview
This class implements the File Transfer Protocol. If you have used a command-line FTP program, and are familiar with the commands, you will be able to use this class easily. Some extra features are included to take advantage of Ruby's style and strengths.
Example
require 'net/ftp'
Example 1
ftp = Net::FTP.new('ftp.netlab.co.jp')
ftp.login
files = ftp.chdir('pub/lang/ruby/contrib')
files = ftp.list('n*')
ftp.getbinaryfile('nif.rb-0.91.gz', 'nif.gz', 1024)
ftp.close
Example 2
Net::FTP.open('ftp.netlab.co.jp') do |ftp|
ftp.login
files = ftp.chdir('pub/lang/ruby/contrib')
files = ftp.list('n*')
ftp.getbinaryfile('nif.rb-0.91.gz', 'nif.gz', 1024)
end
Major Methods
The following are the methods most likely to be useful to users:
-
FTP.open
-
#getbinaryfile
-
#gettextfile
-
#putbinaryfile
-
#puttextfile
-
#chdir
-
#nlst
-
#size
-
#rename
-
#delete
Defined Under Namespace
Classes: NullSocket
Constant Summary collapse
- FTP_PORT =
:stopdoc:
21
- CRLF =
"\r\n"
- DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE =
4096
- MDTM_REGEXP =
:nodoc:
/^(\d\d\d\d)(\d\d)(\d\d)(\d\d)(\d\d)(\d\d)/
Instance Attribute Summary collapse
-
#binary ⇒ Object
When
true
, transfers are performed in binary mode. -
#debug_mode ⇒ Object
When
true
, all traffic to and from the server is written to $stdout. -
#last_response ⇒ Object
readonly
The server's last response.
-
#last_response_code ⇒ Object
(also: #lastresp)
readonly
The server's last response code.
-
#passive ⇒ Object
When
true
, the connection is in passive mode. -
#resume ⇒ Object
Sets or retrieves the
resume
status, which decides whether incomplete transfers are resumed or restarted. -
#welcome ⇒ Object
readonly
The server's welcome message.
Class Method Summary collapse
-
.open(host, user = nil, passwd = nil, acct = nil) ⇒ Object
A synonym for
FTP.new
, but with a mandatory host parameter.
Instance Method Summary collapse
-
#abort ⇒ Object
Aborts the previous command (ABOR command).
-
#acct(account) ⇒ Object
Sends the ACCT command.
-
#chdir(dirname) ⇒ Object
Changes the (remote) directory.
-
#close ⇒ Object
Closes the connection.
-
#closed? ⇒ Boolean
Returns
true
iff the connection is closed. -
#connect(host, port = FTP_PORT) ⇒ Object
Establishes an FTP connection to host, optionally overriding the default port.
-
#delete(filename) ⇒ Object
Deletes a file on the server.
-
#get(remotefile, localfile = File.basename(remotefile), blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE, &block) ⇒ Object
Retrieves
remotefile
in whatever mode the session is set (text or binary). -
#getbinaryfile(remotefile, localfile = File.basename(remotefile), blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE) ⇒ Object
Retrieves
remotefile
in binary mode, storing the result inlocalfile
. -
#gettextfile(remotefile, localfile = File.basename(remotefile)) ⇒ Object
Retrieves
remotefile
in ASCII (text) mode, storing the result inlocalfile
. -
#help(arg = nil) ⇒ Object
Issues the HELP command.
-
#initialize(host = nil, user = nil, passwd = nil, acct = nil) ⇒ FTP
constructor
Creates and returns a new
FTP
object. -
#list(*args, &block) ⇒ Object
(also: #ls, #dir)
Returns an array of file information in the directory (the output is like 'ls -l`).
-
#login(user = "anonymous", passwd = nil, acct = nil) ⇒ Object
Logs in to the remote host.
-
#mdtm(filename) ⇒ Object
Issues the MDTM command.
-
#mkdir(dirname) ⇒ Object
Creates a remote directory.
-
#mtime(filename, local = false) ⇒ Object
Returns the last modification time of the (remote) file.
-
#nlst(dir = nil) ⇒ Object
Returns an array of filenames in the remote directory.
-
#noop ⇒ Object
Issues a NOOP command.
-
#put(localfile, remotefile = File.basename(localfile), blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE, &block) ⇒ Object
Transfers
localfile
to the server in whatever mode the session is set (text or binary). -
#putbinaryfile(localfile, remotefile = File.basename(localfile), blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE, &block) ⇒ Object
Transfers
localfile
to the server in binary mode, storing the result inremotefile
. -
#puttextfile(localfile, remotefile = File.basename(localfile), &block) ⇒ Object
Transfers
localfile
to the server in ASCII (text) mode, storing the result inremotefile
. -
#pwd ⇒ Object
(also: #getdir)
Returns the current remote directory.
-
#quit ⇒ Object
Exits the FTP session.
-
#rename(fromname, toname) ⇒ Object
Renames a file on the server.
-
#retrbinary(cmd, blocksize, rest_offset = nil) ⇒ Object
Puts the connection into binary (image) mode, issues the given command, and fetches the data returned, passing it to the associated block in chunks of
blocksize
characters. -
#retrlines(cmd) ⇒ Object
Puts the connection into ASCII (text) mode, issues the given command, and passes the resulting data, one line at a time, to the associated block.
-
#return_code ⇒ Object
Obsolete.
-
#return_code=(s) ⇒ Object
Obsolete.
-
#rmdir(dirname) ⇒ Object
Removes a remote directory.
-
#sendcmd(cmd) ⇒ Object
Sends a command and returns the response.
-
#set_socket(sock, get_greeting = true) ⇒ Object
WRITEME or make private.
-
#site(arg) ⇒ Object
Issues a SITE command.
-
#size(filename) ⇒ Object
Returns the size of the given (remote) filename.
-
#status ⇒ Object
Returns the status (STAT command).
-
#storbinary(cmd, file, blocksize, rest_offset = nil, &block) ⇒ Object
Puts the connection into binary (image) mode, issues the given server-side command (such as "STOR myfile"), and sends the contents of the file named
file
to the server. -
#storlines(cmd, file, &block) ⇒ Object
Puts the connection into ASCII (text) mode, issues the given server-side command (such as "STOR myfile"), and sends the contents of the file named
file
to the server, one line at a time. -
#system ⇒ Object
Returns system information.
-
#voidcmd(cmd) ⇒ Object
Sends a command and expect a response beginning with '2'.
Constructor Details
#initialize(host = nil, user = nil, passwd = nil, acct = nil) ⇒ FTP
Creates and returns a new FTP
object. If a host
is given, a connection is made. Additionally, if the user
is given, the given user name, password, and (optionally) account are used to log in. See #login.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 130 def initialize(host = nil, user = nil, passwd = nil, acct = nil) super() @binary = true @passive = false @debug_mode = false @resume = false @sock = NullSocket.new @logged_in = false if host connect(host) if user login(user, passwd, acct) end end end |
Instance Attribute Details
#binary ⇒ Object
When true
, transfers are performed in binary mode. Default: true
.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 83 def binary @binary end |
#debug_mode ⇒ Object
When true
, all traffic to and from the server is written to $stdout. Default: false
.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 90 def debug_mode @debug_mode end |
#last_response ⇒ Object (readonly)
The server's last response.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 104 def last_response @last_response end |
#last_response_code ⇒ Object (readonly) Also known as: lastresp
The server's last response code.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 100 def last_response_code @last_response_code end |
#passive ⇒ Object
When true
, the connection is in passive mode. Default: false
.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 86 def passive @passive end |
#resume ⇒ Object
Sets or retrieves the resume
status, which decides whether incomplete transfers are resumed or restarted. Default: false
.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 94 def resume @resume end |
#welcome ⇒ Object (readonly)
The server's welcome message.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 97 def welcome @welcome end |
Class Method Details
.open(host, user = nil, passwd = nil, acct = nil) ⇒ Object
A synonym for FTP.new
, but with a mandatory host parameter.
If a block is given, it is passed the FTP
object, which will be closed when the block finishes, or when an exception is raised.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 112 def FTP.open(host, user = nil, passwd = nil, acct = nil) if block_given? ftp = new(host, user, passwd, acct) begin yield ftp ensure ftp.close end else new(host, user, passwd, acct) end end |
Instance Method Details
#abort ⇒ Object
Aborts the previous command (ABOR command).
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 837 def abort line = "ABOR" + CRLF print "put: ABOR\n" if @debug_mode @sock.send(line, Socket::MSG_OOB) resp = getmultiline unless ["426", "226", "225"].include?(resp[0, 3]) raise FTPProtoError, resp end return resp end |
#acct(account) ⇒ Object
Sends the ACCT command.
This is a less common FTP command, to send account information if the destination host requires it.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 689 def acct(account) cmd = "ACCT " + account voidcmd(cmd) end |
#chdir(dirname) ⇒ Object
Changes the (remote) directory.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 759 def chdir(dirname) if dirname == ".." begin voidcmd("CDUP") return rescue FTPPermError => e if e.[0, 3] != "500" raise e end end end cmd = "CWD " + dirname voidcmd(cmd) end |
#close ⇒ Object
Closes the connection. Further operations are impossible until you open a new connection with #connect.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 907 def close @sock.close if @sock and not @sock.closed? end |
#closed? ⇒ Boolean
Returns true
iff the connection is closed.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 914 def closed? @sock == nil or @sock.closed? end |
#connect(host, port = FTP_PORT) ⇒ Object
Establishes an FTP connection to host, optionally overriding the default port. If the environment variable SOCKS_SERVER
is set, sets up the connection through a SOCKS proxy. Raises an exception (typically Errno::ECONNREFUSED
) if the connection cannot be established.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 217 def connect(host, port = FTP_PORT) if @debug_mode print "connect: ", host, ", ", port, "\n" end synchronize do @sock = open_socket(host, port) voidresp end end |
#delete(filename) ⇒ Object
Deletes a file on the server.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 745 def delete(filename) resp = sendcmd("DELE " + filename) if resp[0, 3] == "250" return elsif resp[0] == ?5 raise FTPPermError, resp else raise FTPReplyError, resp end end |
#get(remotefile, localfile = File.basename(remotefile), blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE, &block) ⇒ Object
Retrieves remotefile
in whatever mode the session is set (text or binary). See #gettextfile and #getbinaryfile.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 618 def get(remotefile, localfile = File.basename(remotefile), blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE, &block) # :yield: data if @binary getbinaryfile(remotefile, localfile, blocksize, &block) else gettextfile(remotefile, localfile, &block) end end |
#getbinaryfile(remotefile, localfile = File.basename(remotefile), blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE) ⇒ Object
Retrieves remotefile
in binary mode, storing the result in localfile
. If localfile
is nil, returns retrieved data. If a block is supplied, it is passed the retrieved data in blocksize
chunks.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 560 def getbinaryfile(remotefile, localfile = File.basename(remotefile), blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE) # :yield: data result = nil if localfile if @resume rest_offset = File.size?(localfile) f = open(localfile, "a") else rest_offset = nil f = open(localfile, "w") end elsif !block_given? result = "" end begin f.binmode if localfile retrbinary("RETR " + remotefile.to_s, blocksize, rest_offset) do |data| f.write(data) if localfile yield(data) if block_given? result.concat(data) if result end return result ensure f.close if localfile end end |
#gettextfile(remotefile, localfile = File.basename(remotefile)) ⇒ Object
Retrieves remotefile
in ASCII (text) mode, storing the result in localfile
. If localfile
is nil, returns retrieved data. If a block is supplied, it is passed the retrieved data one line at a time.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 594 def gettextfile(remotefile, localfile = File.basename(remotefile)) # :yield: line result = nil if localfile f = open(localfile, "w") elsif !block_given? result = "" end begin retrlines("RETR " + remotefile) do |line, newline| l = newline ? line + "\n" : line f.print(l) if localfile yield(line, newline) if block_given? result.concat(l) if result end return result ensure f.close if localfile end end |
#help(arg = nil) ⇒ Object
Issues the HELP command.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 871 def help(arg = nil) cmd = "HELP" if arg cmd = cmd + " " + arg end sendcmd(cmd) end |
#list(*args, &block) ⇒ Object Also known as: ls, dir
Returns an array of file information in the directory (the output is like 'ls -l`). If a block is given, it iterates through the listing.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 713 def list(*args, &block) # :yield: line cmd = "LIST" args.each do |arg| cmd = cmd + " " + arg.to_s end if block retrlines(cmd, &block) else lines = [] retrlines(cmd) do |line| lines << line end return lines end end |
#login(user = "anonymous", passwd = nil, acct = nil) ⇒ Object
Logs in to the remote host. The session must have been previously connected. If user
is the string "anonymous" and the password
is nil
, a password of user@host
is synthesized. If the acct
parameter is not nil
, an FTP ACCT command is sent following the successful login. Raises an exception on error (typically Net::FTPPermError
).
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 423 def login(user = "anonymous", passwd = nil, acct = nil) if user == "anonymous" and passwd == nil passwd = "anonymous@" end resp = "" synchronize do resp = sendcmd('USER ' + user) if resp[0] == ?3 raise FTPReplyError, resp if passwd.nil? resp = sendcmd('PASS ' + passwd) end if resp[0] == ?3 raise FTPReplyError, resp if acct.nil? resp = sendcmd('ACCT ' + acct) end end if resp[0] != ?2 raise FTPReplyError, resp end @welcome = resp send_type_command @logged_in = true end |
#mdtm(filename) ⇒ Object
Issues the MDTM command. TODO: more info.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 861 def mdtm(filename) resp = sendcmd("MDTM " + filename) if resp[0, 3] == "213" return resp[3 .. -1].strip end end |
#mkdir(dirname) ⇒ Object
Creates a remote directory.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 802 def mkdir(dirname) resp = sendcmd("MKD " + dirname) return parse257(resp) end |
#mtime(filename, local = false) ⇒ Object
Returns the last modification time of the (remote) file. If local
is true
, it is returned as a local time, otherwise it's a UTC time.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 793 def mtime(filename, local = false) str = mdtm(filename) ary = str.scan(MDTM_REGEXP)[0].collect {|i| i.to_i} return local ? Time.local(*ary) : Time.gm(*ary) end |
#nlst(dir = nil) ⇒ Object
Returns an array of filenames in the remote directory.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 697 def nlst(dir = nil) cmd = "NLST" if dir cmd = cmd + " " + dir end files = [] retrlines(cmd) do |line| files.push(line) end return files end |
#noop ⇒ Object
Issues a NOOP command.
Does nothing except return a response.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 891 def noop voidcmd("NOOP") end |
#put(localfile, remotefile = File.basename(localfile), blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE, &block) ⇒ Object
Transfers localfile
to the server in whatever mode the session is set (text or binary). See #puttextfile and #putbinaryfile.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 674 def put(localfile, remotefile = File.basename(localfile), blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE, &block) if @binary putbinaryfile(localfile, remotefile, blocksize, &block) else puttextfile(localfile, remotefile, &block) end end |
#putbinaryfile(localfile, remotefile = File.basename(localfile), blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE, &block) ⇒ Object
Transfers localfile
to the server in binary mode, storing the result in remotefile
. If a block is supplied, calls it, passing in the transmitted data in blocksize
chunks.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 632 def putbinaryfile(localfile, remotefile = File.basename(localfile), blocksize = DEFAULT_BLOCKSIZE, &block) # :yield: data if @resume begin rest_offset = size(remotefile) rescue Net::FTPPermError rest_offset = nil end else rest_offset = nil end f = open(localfile) begin f.binmode if rest_offset storbinary("APPE " + remotefile, f, blocksize, rest_offset, &block) else storbinary("STOR " + remotefile, f, blocksize, rest_offset, &block) end ensure f.close end end |
#puttextfile(localfile, remotefile = File.basename(localfile), &block) ⇒ Object
Transfers localfile
to the server in ASCII (text) mode, storing the result in remotefile
. If callback or an associated block is supplied, calls it, passing in the transmitted data one line at a time.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 661 def puttextfile(localfile, remotefile = File.basename(localfile), &block) # :yield: line f = open(localfile) begin storlines("STOR " + remotefile, f, &block) ensure f.close end end |
#pwd ⇒ Object Also known as: getdir
Returns the current remote directory.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 817 def pwd resp = sendcmd("PWD") return parse257(resp) end |
#quit ⇒ Object
Exits the FTP session.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 882 def quit voidcmd("QUIT") end |
#rename(fromname, toname) ⇒ Object
Renames a file on the server.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 734 def rename(fromname, toname) resp = sendcmd("RNFR " + fromname) if resp[0] != ?3 raise FTPReplyError, resp end voidcmd("RNTO " + toname) end |
#retrbinary(cmd, blocksize, rest_offset = nil) ⇒ Object
Puts the connection into binary (image) mode, issues the given command, and fetches the data returned, passing it to the associated block in chunks of blocksize
characters. Note that cmd
is a server command (such as "RETR myfile").
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 454 def retrbinary(cmd, blocksize, rest_offset = nil) # :yield: data synchronize do with_binary(true) do conn = transfercmd(cmd, rest_offset) loop do data = conn.read(blocksize) break if data == nil yield(data) end conn.close voidresp end end end |
#retrlines(cmd) ⇒ Object
Puts the connection into ASCII (text) mode, issues the given command, and passes the resulting data, one line at a time, to the associated block. If no block is given, prints the lines. Note that cmd
is a server command (such as "RETR myfile").
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 475 def retrlines(cmd) # :yield: line synchronize do with_binary(false) do conn = transfercmd(cmd) loop do line = conn.gets break if line == nil yield(line.sub(/\r?\n\z/, ""), !line.match(/\n\z/).nil?) end conn.close voidresp end end end |
#return_code ⇒ Object
Obsolete
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 186 def return_code # :nodoc: $stderr.puts("warning: Net::FTP#return_code is obsolete and do nothing") return "\n" end |
#return_code=(s) ⇒ Object
Obsolete
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 192 def return_code=(s) # :nodoc: $stderr.puts("warning: Net::FTP#return_code= is obsolete and do nothing") end |
#rmdir(dirname) ⇒ Object
Removes a remote directory.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 810 def rmdir(dirname) voidcmd("RMD " + dirname) end |
#sendcmd(cmd) ⇒ Object
Sends a command and returns the response.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 322 def sendcmd(cmd) synchronize do putline(cmd) return getresp end end |
#set_socket(sock, get_greeting = true) ⇒ Object
WRITEME or make private
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 230 def set_socket(sock, get_greeting = true) synchronize do @sock = sock if get_greeting voidresp end end end |
#site(arg) ⇒ Object
Issues a SITE command.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 898 def site(arg) cmd = "SITE " + arg voidcmd(cmd) end |
#size(filename) ⇒ Object
Returns the size of the given (remote) filename.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 777 def size(filename) with_binary(true) do resp = sendcmd("SIZE " + filename) if resp[0, 3] != "213" raise FTPReplyError, resp end return resp[3..-1].strip.to_i end end |
#status ⇒ Object
Returns the status (STAT command).
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 851 def status line = "STAT" + CRLF print "put: STAT\n" if @debug_mode @sock.send(line, Socket::MSG_OOB) return getresp end |
#storbinary(cmd, file, blocksize, rest_offset = nil, &block) ⇒ Object
Puts the connection into binary (image) mode, issues the given server-side command (such as "STOR myfile"), and sends the contents of the file named file
to the server. If the optional block is given, it also passes it the data, in chunks of blocksize
characters.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 496 def storbinary(cmd, file, blocksize, rest_offset = nil, &block) # :yield: data if rest_offset file.seek(rest_offset, IO::SEEK_SET) end synchronize do with_binary(true) do conn = transfercmd(cmd) loop do buf = file.read(blocksize) break if buf == nil conn.write(buf) yield(buf) if block end conn.close voidresp end end rescue Errno::EPIPE # EPIPE, in this case, means that the data connection was unexpectedly # terminated. Rather than just raising EPIPE to the caller, check the # response on the control connection. If getresp doesn't raise a more # appropriate exception, re-raise the original exception. getresp raise end |
#storlines(cmd, file, &block) ⇒ Object
Puts the connection into ASCII (text) mode, issues the given server-side command (such as "STOR myfile"), and sends the contents of the file named file
to the server, one line at a time. If the optional block is given, it also passes it the lines.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 528 def storlines(cmd, file, &block) # :yield: line synchronize do with_binary(false) do conn = transfercmd(cmd) loop do buf = file.gets break if buf == nil if buf[-2, 2] != CRLF buf = buf.chomp + CRLF end conn.write(buf) yield(buf) if block end conn.close voidresp end end rescue Errno::EPIPE # EPIPE, in this case, means that the data connection was unexpectedly # terminated. Rather than just raising EPIPE to the caller, check the # response on the control connection. If getresp doesn't raise a more # appropriate exception, re-raise the original exception. getresp raise end |
#system ⇒ Object
Returns system information.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 826 def system resp = sendcmd("SYST") if resp[0, 3] != "215" raise FTPReplyError, resp end return resp[4 .. -1] end |
#voidcmd(cmd) ⇒ Object
Sends a command and expect a response beginning with '2'.
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# File 'lib/net/ftp.rb', line 332 def voidcmd(cmd) synchronize do putline(cmd) voidresp end end |