Module: Spanish::Orthography

Extended by:

Orthography

Included in:

Orthography

Defined in:

lib/spanish/orthography.rb

Constant Summary

LETTERS =

/ch|ll|ñ|á|é|í|ó|ú|ü|[\w]/

SCANNER =

lambda {|string| string.downcase.scan(/rr|ch|ll|ñ|á|é|í|ó|ú|ü|\w/)}

SOUNDS =

::Phonology::Inventory.from_ipa(
  "m", "n", "ɲ", "ŋ", "p", "b", "t", "d", "k", "ɡ", "β", "f", "v", "ð", "s",
  "z", "ʒ", "ʝ", "x", "ɣ", "j", "r", "ɾ", "l", "w", "i", "u", "e", "o", "a",
  "θ", "ʎ"
)

RULES =

Note that unvoiced dental fricative is assumed for “z” (and “c”). This is not out of bias towards Spain, but because it is the most information-rich reading of the orthography. The same applies to the presevation of a distinction between “y” and “ll”. Yeísmo and other common phenomena can be derived later with phonological rules.

Proc.new {
  vowel = ["a", "á", "e", "é", "i", "í", "o", "ó", "u", "ú", "ü"]
  close_front_vowel = ["i", "e", "í", "é"]
  non_close_front_vowel = vowel - close_front_vowel
  case curr_char
  when "á"  then get(:voiced, :open, :front).hint(:primary_stress)
  when "a"  then get(:voiced, :open, :front)
  when "b"  then get(:voiced, :bilabial, :plosive)
  when "c"  then precedes(close_front_vowel) ? get(:unvoiced, :dental, :fricative) : get(:unvoiced, :velar, :plosive)
  when "ch" then get([:alveolar, :plosive], [:postalveolar, :fricative])
  when "d"  then get(:voiced, :alveolar, :plosive)
  when "é"  then get(:close_mid, :front).hint(:primary_stress)
  when "e"  then get(:close_mid, :front)
  when "f"  then get(:unvoiced, :labiodental, :fricative)
  when "g"  then precedes(close_front_vowel) ? get(:unvoiced, :velar, :fricative) : get(:velar, :plosive, :voiced)
  when "h"  then anticipate {|sound| sound.hint(:syllable_boundary).orthography.insert(0, "h")}
  when "í"  then get(:close, :front).hint(:primary_stress)
  when "i"
    if precedes(vowel - ["i", "í"])
      get(:palatal, :approximant)
    else
      get(:close, :front)
    end
  when "j"  then get(:unvoiced, :velar, :fricative)
  when "k"  then get(:unvoiced, :velar, :plosive)
  when "l"  then get(:alveolar, :lateral_approximant)
  when "ll" then get(:palatal, :lateral_approximant) or get(:voiced, :palatal, :fricative)
  when "m"  then get(:bilabial, :nasal, :voiced)
  when "n"  then get(:alveolar, :nasal)
  when "ñ"  then get(:palatal, :nasal)
  when "ó"  then get(:close_mid, :back).hint(:primary_stress)
  when "o"  then get(:close_mid, :back)
  when "p"  then get(:unvoiced, :bilabial, :plosive)
  when "q"  then get(:unvoiced, :velar, :plosive)
  when "r"  then initial? ? get(:trill) : get(:flap)
  when "rr" then get(:trill)
  when "s"  then get(:unvoiced, :alveolar, :fricative)
  when "t"  then get(:unvoiced, :alveolar, :plosive)
  when "ú"
    if follows("q") or between("g", close_front_vowel)
      orthography.insert(1, "ú") && nil
    else
      get(:close, :back).hint(:primary_stress)
    end
  when "u"
    if follows("q") or between("g", close_front_vowel)
      orthography.insert(1, "u") && nil
    elsif follows(vowel - ["i", "í"]) || precedes(vowel)
      get(:velar, :approximant)
    else
      get(:close, :back)
    end
  when "ü"  then get(:velar, :approximant)
  when "v"  then get(:voiced, :bilabial, :plosive)
  when "w"  then get(:velar, :approximant)
  when "x"
    if initial?
      get(:unvoiced, :velar, :fricative)
    else
      [get(:unvoiced, :velar, :plosive), Phonology::Sound.new("s")]
    end

  when "y"
    if initial? && final?
      get(:close, :front)
    elsif final?
      get(:palatal, :approximant)
    elsif precedes(vowel)
      get(:voiced, :palatal, :fricative)
    elsif initial? and !precedes(vowel)
      get(:close, :front)
    elsif !precedes(vowel)
      get(:palatal, :approximant)
    end
  when "z" then get(:unvoiced, :dental, :fricative)
  end
}

Instance Method Summary

• #translator ⇒ Object

  Get an instance of Phonology::OrthographyTranslater with scanner and sound inventory set for Spanish.

Instance Method Details

#translator ⇒ Object

Get an instance of Phonology::OrthographyTranslater with scanner and sound inventory set for Spanish.

# File 'lib/spanish/orthography.rb', line 102

def translator
  orth = ::Phonology::OrthographyTranslator.new
  orth.scanner = SCANNER
  orth.sounds  = SOUNDS
  orth.rules   = RULES
  orth
end