Method: OCI8#initialize

Defined in:
lib/oci8/oci8.rb

#initialize(username, password, dbname = nil, privilege = nil) ⇒ OCI8

Connects to an Oracle database server by username and password at dbname as privilege.

connecting to the local server

Set username and password or pass “username/password” as a single argument.

OCI8.new('scott', 'tiger')

or

OCI8.new('scott/tiger')

connecting to a remote server

Set username, password and dbname or pass “username/password@dbname” as a single argument.

OCI8.new('scott', 'tiger', 'orcl.world')

or

OCI8.new('scott/[email protected]')

The dbname is a net service name or an easy connectection identifier. The former is a name listed in the file tnsnames.ora. Ask to your DBA if you don’t know what it is. The latter has the syntax as “//host:port/service_name”.

OCI8.new('scott', 'tiger', '//remote-host:1521/XE')

or

OCI8.new('scott/tiger@//remote-host:1521/XE')

connecting as a privileged user

Set :SYSDBA, :SYSOPER, :SYSASM, :SYSBACKUP, :SYSDG or :SYSKM to privilege, otherwise “username/password as sysdba”, “username/password as sysoper”, etc. as a single argument.

OCI8.new('sys', 'change_on_install', nil, :SYSDBA)

or

OCI8.new('sys/change_on_install as sysdba')

external OS authentication

Set nil to username and password, or “/” as a single argument.

OCI8.new(nil, nil)

or

OCI8.new('/')

To connect to a remote host:

OCI8.new(nil, nil, 'dbname')

or

OCI8.new('/@dbname')

proxy authentication

Enclose end user’s username with square brackets and add it at the end of proxy user’s username.

OCI8.new('proxy_user_name[end_user_name]', 'proxy_password')

or

OCI8.new('proxy_user_name[end_user_name]/proxy_password')



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# File 'lib/oci8/oci8.rb', line 97

def initialize(*args)
  if args.length == 1
    username, password, dbname, privilege = parse_connect_string(args[0])
  else
    username, password, dbname, privilege = args
  end

  if username.nil? and password.nil?
    cred = OCI_CRED_EXT
  end
  auth_mode = to_auth_mode(privilege)

  stmt_cache_size = OCI8.properties[:statement_cache_size]
  stmt_cache_size = nil if stmt_cache_size == 0

  attach_mode = 0
  if dbname.is_a? OCI8::ConnectionPool
    @pool = dbname # to prevent GC from freeing the connection pool.
    dbname = dbname.send(:pool_name)
    attach_mode |= 0x0200 # OCI_CPOOL
  else
    tcp_connect_timeout = OCI8::properties[:tcp_connect_timeout]
    connect_timeout = OCI8::properties[:connect_timeout]
    tcp_keepalive = OCI8::properties[:tcp_keepalive]
    if tcp_connect_timeout || connect_timeout || tcp_keepalive
      dbname = to_connect_descriptor(dbname, tcp_connect_timeout, connect_timeout, tcp_keepalive)
    end
  end
  if stmt_cache_size
    # enable statement caching
    attach_mode |= 0x0004 # OCI_STMT_CACHE
  end

  # logon by the OCI function OCISessionBegin().
  allocate_handles()
  @session_handle.send(:attr_set_string, OCI_ATTR_USERNAME, username) if username
  @session_handle.send(:attr_set_string, OCI_ATTR_PASSWORD, password) if password
  if @@oracle_client_version >= ORAVER_11_1
    # Sets the driver name displayed in V$SESSION_CONNECT_INFO.CLIENT_DRIVER
    # if both the client and the server are Oracle 11g or upper.
    # Only the first 8 chracters "ruby-oci" are displayed when the Oracle
    # server version is lower than 12.0.1.2.
    # 424: OCI_ATTR_DRIVER_NAME
    @session_handle.send(:attr_set_string, 424, "ruby-oci8 : #{OCI8::VERSION}")
  end
  server_attach(dbname, attach_mode)
  if OCI8.oracle_client_version >= OCI8::ORAVER_11_1
    self.send_timeout = OCI8::properties[:send_timeout] if OCI8::properties[:send_timeout]
    self.recv_timeout = OCI8::properties[:recv_timeout] if OCI8::properties[:recv_timeout]
  end
  session_begin(cred ? cred : OCI_CRED_RDBMS, auth_mode)

  if stmt_cache_size
    # set statement cache size
    attr_set_ub4(176, stmt_cache_size) # 176: OCI_ATTR_STMTCACHESIZE
  end

  @prefetch_rows = 100
  @username = nil
end