Mongoid Direct Upload to Amazon S3

Or s3_relay_mongoid

Enables direct file uploads to Amazon S3 and provides a flexible pattern for your Rails app to asynchronously ingest the files.

Overview

This Rails engine allows you to quickly implement direct uploads to Amazon S3 from your Rails 3.1+ / 4.x / 5.x application. It does not depend on any specific file upload libraries, UI frameworks or AWS gems, like other solutions tend to.

It works by utilizing Amazon S3's Cross-Origin Resource Sharing to permit browser-based uploads directly to S3 with presigned URLs generated by this gem with your application's API credentials. As each file is uploaded, the gem persists detail about the uploaded file in your application's database. This table should be thought of much like a queue - think DelayedJob for your uploaded-but-not-yet-ingested file uploads.

How (and if) you choose to import each uploaded file into your processing library of choice is completely up to you. The gem tracks the state of each upload so that you may used the provided .pending scope and mark_imported! method to fetch, process (via your background processor of choice), then mark-off each upload record whose file has been successfully ingested by your app.

Features

Files can be uploaded before or after your parent object has been saved.
File upload fields can be placed inside or outside of your parent object's form.
File uploads display completion progress.
Boilerplate styling can be used or easily replaced.
All uploads are marked for Server-Side Encryption by AWS so that they are encrypted upon write to disk. S3 then decrypts and streams the files as they are downloaded.
Models can have multiple types of uploads and specify for each if only one file is permitted or if multiple are.
Multiple files can upload concurrently to S3.

Technology & Requirements

Uploads are made possible by use of the FormData object, defined in XMLHttpRequest Level 2. Many people are broadly referring to this as being provided by HTML5, but technically it's part of the aforementioned spec that browsers have been adhering to for a couple of major versions now. Even IE, wuh?

The latest versions of all of the following are ideal, but here are the gem's minimum requirements:

Modern versions of Chrome, Safari, FireFox or IE 10+
- Note: Progress bars are currently disabled in IE
- Note: IE <= 9 users will be instructed to upgrade their browser upon selecting a file

Demo

See the ActiveRecord demo application using s3_relay here.

Configuring CORS

Edit your S3 bucket's CORS Configuration to resemble the following:

<CORSConfiguration>
  <CORSRule>
    <AllowedOrigin>*</AllowedOrigin>
    <AllowedMethod>POST</AllowedMethod>
    <AllowedHeader>Content-Type</AllowedHeader>
    <AllowedHeader>origin</AllowedHeader>
  </CORSRule>
</CORSConfiguration>

Note: The example above is a starting point for development. Obviously, you don't want to permit requests from any domain to upload to your S3 bucket. Please see the AWS Documentation to learn how to lock it down further.

Installation

Add gem "mongoid-direct-s3-upload" to your Gemfile and run bundle.
Add mount S3Relay::Engine => "/s3_relay" to the top of your routes file.
Add require s3_relay to your JavaScript manifest.
[Optional] Add require s3_relay to your Style Sheet manifest.
Add the following environment variables to your app:

./config/initializers/mongoid-direct-s3-upload.rb

ENV["S3_RELAY_ACCESS_KEY_ID"]="abc123"
ENV["S3_RELAY_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY"]="xzy456"
ENV["S3_RELAY_REGION"]="us-west-2"
ENV["S3_RELAY_BUCKET"]="some-s3-bucket"
ENV["S3_RELAY_ACL"]="public-read"

Use

Add upload definitions to your model

class Product
  include Mongoid::Document
  extend S3Relay::Model
  s3_relay :icon
  s3_relay :photo_uploads, has_many: true
end

Restricting uploads to authenticated users

If your app's file uploads need to be restricted to logged in users, simply override the following method in your application controller to call any authentication method you're currently using.

def authenticate_for_s3_relay
  authenticate_user!  # Devise example
end

Add virtual attributes to your controller's Strong Parameters config

product_params = params.require(:product)
  .permit(:name, :new_icon_uuids: [], new_photo_uploads_uuids: [])

@product = Product.new(product_params)

Add file upload fields to your views

<%= s3_relay_field @product, :icon %>
<%= s3_relay_field @product, :photo_uploads, multiple: true %>

By default the content-disposition on the files stored in the uploads bucket will be set to inline. You can optionally set it to attachment by passing that option like so:

<%= s3_relay_field @artist, :mp3_uploads, multiple: true, disposition: "attachment" %>

View file on Amazon S3

<%= image_tag @product.icon.public_url %>

Importing files back to the server for processing

Processing uploads asynchronously

Use your background job processor of choice to process uploads pending ingestion (and image processing) by your app.

Say you're using Resque and CarrierWave, you could define a job class:

class ProductPhoto::Import
  @queue = :photo_import

  def self.perform(product_id, upload_id)
    @product = Product.find(product_id)
    @upload  = S3Relay::Upload.find(upload_id)

    @product.photos.create!(remote_file_url: @upload.private_url)
    @upload.mark_imported!
  end
end

Triggering upload imports for existing parent objects

If you would like to immediately enqueue a job to begin importing an upload into its final desination, simply define a method on your parent object called import_upload and that method will be called after an S3Relay::Upload is created.

Triggering upload imports for new parent objects

If you would like to immediately enqueue a job to begin importing all of the uploads for a new parent object following its creation, you might want to setup a callback to enqueue those imports.

Examples

class Product

  # Called by s3_relay when an associated S3Relay::Upload object is created
  def import_upload(upload_id)
    Resque.enqueue(ProductPhoto::Import, id, upload_id)
  end

  after_commit :import_uploads, on: :create

  # Called via after_commit to enqueue imports of S3Relay::Upload objects
  def import_uploads
    photo_uploads.pending.each do |upload|
      Resque.enqueue(ProductPhoto::Import, id, upload.id)
    end
  end

end

Restricting the objects uploads can be associated with

Remember the time when that guy found a way to a submit Github form in such a way that it linked a new SSH key he provided to DHH's user record? No bueno. Don't let your users attach files to objects they don't have access to.

You can prevent this by defining a method in ApplicationController that filters out the parent object params passed during upload creation if your logic finds that the user doesn't have access to the parent object in question. Ex:

def order_file_uploads_params(parent)
  if parent.user == current_user
    # Yep, that's your order, you can add files to it
    { parent: parent }
  else
    # Nope, you're trying to add a file to someone else's order, or whatever
    { }
  end
end

Contributing

Fork it
Create your feature branch (git checkout -b my-new-feature)
Commit your changes (git commit -am 'Added some feature')
Push to the branch (git push origin my-new-feature)
Create a Pull Request

License

Freely distributable and licensed under the MIT license.