Class: Rubyvis::Layout::Stack

Inherits:
Rubyvis::Layout show all
Defined in:
lib/rubyvis/layout/stack.rb

Overview

Implements a layout for stacked visualizations, ranging from simple stacked bar charts to more elaborate “streamgraphs” composed of stacked areas. Stack layouts uses length as a visual encoding, as opposed to position, as the layers do not share an aligned axis.

<p>Marks can be stacked vertically or horizontally. For example,

vis.add(Rubyvis::Layout::Stack)
  .layers([[1, 1.2, 1.7, 1.5, 1.7],
           [.5, 1, .8, 1.1, 1.3],
           [.2, .5, .8, .9, 1]])
  .x(lambda { index * 35})
  .y(lambda {|d| d * 40})
.layer.add(Rubyvis::Area)

specifies a vertically-stacked area chart, using the default “bottom-left” orientation with “zero” offset. This visualization can be easily changed into a streamgraph using the “wiggle” offset, which attempts to minimize change in slope weighted by layer thickness. See the offset property for more supported streamgraph algorithms.

<p>In the simplest case, the layer data can be specified as a two-dimensional array of numbers. The x and y psuedo-properties are used to define the thickness of each layer at the given position, respectively; in the above example of the “bottom-left” orientation, the x and y psuedo-properties are equivalent to the left and height properties that you might use if you implemented a stacked area by hand.

<p>The advantage of using the stack layout is that the baseline, i.e., the bottom property is computed automatically using the specified offset algorithm. In addition, the order of layers can be computed using a built-in algorithm via the order property.

<p>With the exception of the “expand” offset, the stack layout does not perform any automatic scaling of data; the values returned from x and y specify pixel sizes. To simplify scaling math, use this layout in conjunction with Rubyvis::Scale.linea} or similar.

<p>In other cases, the values psuedo-property can be used to define the data more flexibly. As with a typical panel &amp; area, the layers property corresponds to the data in the enclosing panel, while the values psuedo-property corresponds to the data for the area within the panel. For example, given an array of data values:

crimea = [
{ date: "4/1854", wounds: 0, other: 110, disease: 110 },
{ date: "5/1854", wounds: 0, other: 95, disease: 105 },
{ date: "6/1854", wounds: 0, other: 40, disease: 95 },
...

and a corresponding array of series names:

causes = [:wounds, :other, :disease]

Separate layers can be defined for each cause like so:

vis.add(pv.Layout.Stack)
  .layers(causes)
  .values(crimea)
  .x(lambda {|d| x.scale(d[:date]})
  .y(lambda {|d,dp| y.scale(d[dp])})
.layer.add(pv.Area)

As with the panel &amp; area case, the datum that is passed to the psuedo-properties x and y are the values (an element in crimea); the second argument is the layer data (a string in causes). Additional arguments specify the data of enclosing panels, if any.

Instance Attribute Summary collapse

Attributes inherited from Panel

#_canvas, #children, #root

Attributes inherited from Mark

#_properties, #binds, #child_index, #parent, #proto, #root, #scale, #scene, #target

Class Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Summary collapse

Methods inherited from Rubyvis::Layout

Arc, Cluster, Grid, Hierarchy, Horizon, Indent, Matrix, Network, Pack, Partition, Stack, Tree, Treemap, attr_accessor_dsl, #build_properties, #layout_build_implied, #layout_build_properties

Methods inherited from Panel

#add, #anchor, #bind, #build_instance, #children_inspect, #panel_build_implied, #to_svg, #type

Methods inherited from Bar

#type, #width

Methods inherited from Mark

#add, #anchor, #area, attr_accessor_dsl, #bar, #bind, #build, #build_instance, #build_properties, #context, #context_apply, #context_clear, #cousin, #delete_index, #dot, #event, #execute, #first, #image, index, #index, index=, #index=, #index_defined?, #instance, #instances, #label, #last, #layout_arc, #layout_cluster, #layout_grid, #layout_horizon, #layout_indent, #layout_matrix, #layout_pack, #layout_partition, #layout_partition_fill, #layout_stack, #layout_tree, #layout_treemap, #line, #margin, #mark_anchor, #mark_bind, #mark_build_implied, #mark_build_instance, #mark_build_properties, #mark_extend, mark_method, #panel, #properties, properties, property_method, #property_value, #render, #rule, scene, scene=, #sibling, stack, stack=, #type, #wedge

Constructor Details

#initialize ⇒ Stack

Constructs a new, empty stack layout. Layouts are not typically constructed directly; instead, they are added to an existing panel via Rubyvis::Mark.add



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# File 'lib/rubyvis/layout/stack.rb', line 91

def initialize
  super
  @none=lambda {nil}
  @prop = {"t"=> @none, "l"=> @none, "r"=> @none, "b"=> @none, "w"=> @none, "h"=> @none}
  @values=nil
  @_x=lambda {0}
  @_y=lambda {0}
  @_values=Rubyvis.identity
end

Instance Attribute Details

#_values ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute _values.



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# File 'lib/rubyvis/layout/stack.rb', line 79

def _values
  @_values
end

#_x ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute _x.



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# File 'lib/rubyvis/layout/stack.rb', line 79

def _x
  @_x
end

#_y ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute _y.



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# File 'lib/rubyvis/layout/stack.rb', line 79

def _y
  @_y
end

#prop ⇒ Object

Returns the value of attribute prop.



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# File 'lib/rubyvis/layout/stack.rb', line 79

def prop
  @prop
end

Class Method Details

.defaults ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/rubyvis/layout/stack.rb', line 81

def self.defaults
  Stack.new.mark_extend(Layout.defaults).
    orient("bottom-left").
    offset("zero").
    layers([[]])
end

Instance Method Details

#build_implied(s) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/rubyvis/layout/stack.rb', line 127

def build_implied(s)
  # puts "Build stack" if $DEBUG
  layout_build_implied(s)
  data = s.layers
  n = data.size
  m = nil
  orient = s.orient
  if orient =~/^(top|bottom)\b/
    horizontal=true
  else
    horizontal=false
  end
  h = self.parent.send(horizontal ? "height" : "width")
  x = []
  y = []
  dy = []
  
  #
  # Iterate over the data, evaluating the values, x and y functions. The
  # context in which the x and y psuedo-properties are evaluated is a
  # pseudo-mark that is a grandchild of this layout.
  #
  stack = Rubyvis::Mark.stack
  
  o = OpenStruct.new({:parent=> OpenStruct.new({:parent=> self})})
  stack.unshift(nil)
  values = []
  n.times {|i|
    dy[i] = []
    y[i] = []
    o.parent.index = i
    stack[0] = data[i]
    values[i] = self._values.js_apply(o.parent, stack)
    m = values[i].size if (i==0) 
    stack.unshift(nil)
    m.times {|j|
      stack[0] = values[i][j]
      o.index = j
      x[j] = self._x.js_apply(o, stack) if i==0
      dy[i][j] = self._y.js_apply(o, stack)
    }
    stack.shift()
  }
  stack.shift()
  
  # order
  _index=nil
  case s.order
  when "inside-out"
    
    max  = dy.map {|v| Rubyvis.max_index(v) }          
    _map  = Rubyvis.range(n).sort {|a,b| max[a] <=> max[b]}
    
    sums = dy.map {|v| Rubyvis.sum(v)}
    top = 0
    bottom = 0
    tops = []
    bottoms = []
    
    n.times {|i|
      j = _map[i]
      if (top < bottom) 
        top += sums[j];
        tops.push(j);
      else
        bottom += sums[j];
        bottoms.push(j);
      end
    }
    
    _index = bottoms.reverse+tops

  when "reverse"
    _index = Rubyvis.range(n - 1, -1, -1)
  else
    _index = Rubyvis.range(n)
  end
  
  #/* offset */
  case (s.offset) 
  when "silohouette"
    m.times {|j|
      o = 0;
      n.times {|i| 
        o += dy[i][j]
      }
      y[_index[0]][j] = (h - o) / 2.0;
    }
  
  when "wiggle"
    o = 0;
    n.times {|i|  o += dy[i][0] }
    
    y[_index[0]][0] = o = (h - o) / 2.0
    
    (1...m).each  {|j|
      s1 = 0
      s2 = 0
      dx = x[j] - x[j - 1]
      n.times {|i| s1 += dy[i][j]}
      n.times {|i|
        
        s3 = (dy[_index[i]][j] - dy[_index[i]][j - 1]) / (2.0 * dx)
        i.times {|k|
          s3 += (dy[_index[k]][j] - dy[_index[k]][j - 1]) / dx.to_f
        }
        s2 += s3 * dy[_index[i]][j]
      }
      o -= (s1!=0) ? s2 / s1.to_f * dx : 0
      y[_index[0]][j] = o
      
    }
  when "expand"
    m.times {|j|
      y[_index[0]][j] = 0
      
      k = 0
      n.times {|i| k += dy[i][j]}
      if (k!=0) 
        k = h / k.to_f
        n.times {|i| dy[i][j] *= k}
      else 
        k = h / n.to_f
        n.times {|i| dy[i][j] = k}
      end
    }
  else
    m.times {|j| y[_index[0]][j] = 0}
  end
  
  # Propagate the offset to the other series. */
  m.times {|j|
  o = y[_index[0]][j]
    (1...n).each {|i|
      
      o += dy[_index[i - 1]][j]
      y[_index[i]][j] = o
    }
  }
  
  # /* Find the property definitions for dynamic substitution. */
  
  i = orient.index("-")
  pdy = horizontal ? "h" : "w"
  px = i < 0 ? (horizontal ? "l" : "b") : orient[i + 1,1]
  py = orient[0,1]
  
  
  @values=values
  @prop.each {|k,v|
    @prop[k]=@none
  }
  # puts "stack: x:#{px}, y:#{py}, dy:#{pdy}" if $DEBUG
  @prop[px] =lambda {|i1,j| x[j]}
  @prop[py] =lambda {|i1,j| y[i1][j]}
  @prop[pdy]=lambda {|i1,j| dy[i1][j]}  
end

#layer ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/rubyvis/layout/stack.rb', line 285

def layer
  that=self
  value = Rubyvis::Mark.new().data(lambda {  that.values[self.parent.index] }).top(proxy("t")).left(proxy("l")).right(proxy("r")).
    bottom(proxy("b")).
  width(proxy("w")).
  height(proxy("h"))
  
  class << value # :nodoc:
    def that=(v)
      @that = v
    end
    def add(type)
      that  = @that
      that.add( Rubyvis.Panel ).data(lambda { that.layers() }).add(type).mark_extend( self )
    end
  end
  
  value.that=self
  return value
end

#proxy(name) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/rubyvis/layout/stack.rb', line 118

def proxy(name)
  that=self
  return lambda {
    a=that.prop[name].js_call(self, self.parent.index, self.index);
    puts "proxy(#{name}): #{a}" if $DEBUG
    a
  }
end

#values(f = nil) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/rubyvis/layout/stack.rb', line 108

def values(f=nil)
  if f.nil?
    return @values
  else
    @_values=Rubyvis.functor(f)
    return self
  end
end

#x(f) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/rubyvis/layout/stack.rb', line 100

def x(f)
  @_x=Rubyvis.functor(f)
  return self
end

#y(f) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/rubyvis/layout/stack.rb', line 104

def y(f)
  @_y=Rubyvis.functor(f)
  return self
end