Mongoid Geospatial

A Mongoid Extension that simplifies the use of MongoDB spatial features.

** On beta again **

Removing some trash, improving and adding support for RGeo and GeoRuby. Version 2+ is going to be beta testing, when it's ready I'll release v3, So the major version stays the same as mongoid.

There are no plans to support MongoDB < 2.0 There are no plans to support Mongoid <= 2.0

Quick Start

This gem focus on (making helpers for) spatial features MongoDB has. You can also use an external Geometric/Spatial alongside.

# Gemfile
gem 'mongoid_geospatial'


# A place to illustrate Point, LineString and Polygon
class Place
  include Mongoid::Document
  include Mongoid::Geospatial

  field :name,     type: String
  field :location, type: Point, :spatial => true
  field :route,    type: Linestring
  field :area,     type: Polygon
end

Geometry Helpers

We currently support GeoRuby and RGeo. If you require one of those, a #to_geo method will be available to all spatial fields, returning the external library corresponding object. To illustrate:

class Person
  include Mongoid::Document
  include Mongoid::Geospatial

  field :location, type: Point
end

me = Person.new(location: [8, 8])

# Example with GeoRuby
point.class # Mongoid::Geospatial::Point
point.to_geo.class # GeoRuby::SimpleFeatures::Point

# Example with RGeo
point.class # Mongoid::Geospatial::Point
point.to_geo.class # RGeo::Geographic::SphericalPointImpl

Configure

Assemble it as you need:

With RGeo

Mongoid::Geospatial.use_rgeo
# Optional
# Mongoid::Geospatial.factory = RGeo::Geographic.spherical_factory

With GeoRuby

Mongoid::Geospatial.use_georuby

Defaults (change if you know what you're doing)

Mongoid::Geospatial.lng_symbol = :x
Mongoid::Geospatial.lat_symbol = :y
Mongoid::Geospatial.earth_radius = EARTH_RADIUS

Model Setup

You can create Point, LineString and Polygon on your models:

class River
  include Mongoid::Document
  include Mongoid::Geospatial

  field :name,              type: String
  field :length,            type: Integer
  field :average_discharge, type: Integer
  field :source,            type: Point,    spatial: true

  # set return_array to true if you do not want a hash returned all the time
  field :mouth,             type: Point,    spatial: {lat: :latitude, lng: :longitude, return_array: true }
  field :course,            type: Polygon

  # simplified spatial indexing
  # you can only index one point in mongodb version below 1.9
  # if you want something besides the defaults {bit: 24, min: -180, max: 180} just set index to the options on the index
  spatial_index :source

end

Generate indexes on MongoDB:

rake db:mongoid:create_indexes

Before we manipulate the data mongoid_spatial handles is what we call points.

Points can be:

an unordered hash with the lat long string keys defined when setting the field (only applies for setting the field)
longitude latitude array in that order - [long,lat]
an unordered hash with latitude key(:lat, :latitude) and a longitude key(:lon, :long, :lng, :longitude)
an ordered hash with longitude as the first item and latitude as the second item This hash does not have include the latitude and longitude keys *only works in ruby 1.9 and up because hashes below ruby 1.9 because they are not ordered
anything with the method to_lng_lat that converts it to a [long,lat] We store data in the DB as a [lng,lat] array then reformat when it is returned to you

hudson = River.create(
  name: 'Hudson',
  length: 315,
  average_discharge: 21_400,
  # when setting array LONGITUDE MUST BE FIRST LATITUDE MUST BE SECOND
  # source: [-73.935833,44.106667],
  # but we can use hash in any order,
  # the default keys for latitude and longitude are :lat and :lng respectively
  source: {:lat => 44.106667, :lng => -73.935833},
  mouth: {:latitude => 40.703056, :longitude => -74.026667}
)

# now to access this spatial information we can now do this
hudson.source #=> {:lng => -73.935833, :lat => 44.106667}
hudson.mouth  #=> [-74.026667, 40.703056] # notice how this returned as a lng,lat array because return_array was true
# notice how the order of lng and lat were switched. it will always come out like this when using spatial.
# Also adds a handy distance function
hudson.distance_from(:source, [-74,40], {:unit=>:mi})

Mongoid Geo has extended all built in spatial symbol extensions

near
- River.where(:source.near => [-73.98, 40.77])
- River.where(:source.near => [[-73.98, 40.77],5]) # sets max distance of 5
- River.where(:source.near => => [-73.98, 40.77], :max => 5) # sets max distance of 5
- River.where(:source.near(:sphere) => [[-73.98, 40.77],5]) # sets max distance of 5 radians
- River.where(:source.near(:sphere) => => [-73.98, 40.77], :max => 5, :unit => :km) # sets max distance of 5 km
- River.where(:source.near(:sphere) => [-73.98, 40.77])
within
- River.where(:source.within(:box) => [[-73.99756,40.73083], [-73.988135,40.741404]])
- River.where(:source.within(:box) => [ => 40.73083, :lng => -73.99756, [-73.988135,40.741404]])
- River.where(:source.within(:polygon) => [ [ 10, 20 ], [ 10, 40 ], [ 30, 40 ], [ 30, 20 ] ]
- River.where(:source.within(:polygon) => { a : { x : 10, y : 20 }, b : { x : 15, y : 25 }, c : { x : 20, y : 20 } })
- River.where(:source.within(:center) => [[-73.98, 40.77],5]) # same format as near
- River.where(:source.within(:center_sphere) => [[-73.98, 40.77],5]) # same format as near(:sphere)

One of the most handy features we have added is geo_near finder

# accepts all criteria chains except without, only, asc, desc, order\_by
River.where(:name=>'hudson').geo_near({:lat => 40.73083, :lng => -73.99756})

# geo\_near accepts a few parameters besides a point
# :num = limit
# :query = where
# :unit - [:km, :m, :mi, :ft] - converts :max\_distance to appropriate values and automatically sets :distance\_multiplier. accepts
# :max\_distance - Integer
# :distance\_multiplier - Integer
# :spherical - true - To enable spherical calculations
River.geo_near([-73.99756,40.73083], :max_distance => 4, :unit => :mi, :spherical => true)

Mongo DB 1.9+ New Geo features

Multi-location Documents v.1.9+

MongoDB now also supports indexing documents by multiple locations. These locations can be specified in arrays of sub-objects, for example:

> db.places.insert({ addresses : [ { name : "Home", loc : [55.5, 42.3] }, { name : "Work", loc : [32.3, 44.2] } ] })
> db.places.ensureIndex({ "addresses.loc" : "2d" })

Multiple locations may also be specified in a single field:

> db.places.insert({ lastSeenAt : [ { x : 45.3, y : 32.2 }, [54.2, 32.3], { lon : 44.2, lat : 38.2 } ] })
> db.places.ensureIndex({ "lastSeenAt" : "2d" })

By default, when performing geoNear or $near-type queries on collections containing multi-location documents, the same document may be returned multiple times, since $near queries return ordered results by distance. Queries using the $within operator by default do not return duplicate documents.

v2.0 In v2.0, this default can be overridden by the use of a $uniqueDocs parameter for geoNear and $within queries, like so:

> db.runCommand( { geoNear : "places" , near : [50,50], num : 10, uniqueDocs : false } )
> db.places.find( { loc : { $within : { $center : [[0.5, 0.5], 20], $uniqueDocs : true } } } )

Currently it is not possible to specify $uniqueDocs for $near queries Whether or not uniqueDocs is true, when using a limit the limit is applied (as is normally the case) to the number of results returned (and not to the docs or locations). If running a geoNear query with uniqueDocs : true, the closest location in a document to the center of the search region will always be returned - this is not true for $within queries.

In addition, when using geoNear queries and multi-location documents, often it is useful to return not only distances, but also the location in the document which was used to generate the distance. In v2.0, to return the location alongside the distance in the geoNear results (in the field loc), specify includeLocs : true in the geoNear query. The location returned will be a copy of the location in the document used.

If the location was an array, the location returned will be an object with "0" and "1" fields in v2.0.0 and v2.0.1.

> db.runCommand({ geoNear : "places", near : [ 0, 0 ], maxDistance : 20, includeLocs : true })
{
  "ns" : "test.places",
  "near" : "1100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
  "results" : [
    {
      "dis" : 5.830951894845301,
      "loc" : {
        "x" : 3,
        "y" : 5
      },
      "obj" : {
        "_id" : ObjectId("4e52672c15f59224bdb2544d"),
        "name" : "Final Place",
        "loc" : {
          "x" : 3,
          "y" : 5
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "dis" : 14.142135623730951,
      "loc" : {
        "0" : 10,
        "1" : 10
      },
      "obj" : {
        "_id" : ObjectId("4e5266a915f59224bdb2544b"),
        "name" : "Some Place",
        "loc" : [
          [
            10,
            10
          ],
          [
            50,
            50
          ]
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "dis" : 14.142135623730951,
      "loc" : {
        "0" : -10,
        "1" : -10
      },
      "obj" : {
        "_id" : ObjectId("4e5266ba15f59224bdb2544c"),
        "name" : "Another Place",
        "loc" : [
          [
            -10,
            -10
          ],
          [
            -50,
            -50
          ]
        ]
      }
    }
  ],
  "stats" : {
    "time" : 0,
    "btreelocs" : 0,
    "nscanned" : 5,
    "objectsLoaded" : 3,
    "avgDistance" : 11.371741047435734,
    "maxDistance" : 14.142157540259815
  },
  "ok" : 1
}

The plan is to include this functionality in a future release. Please help out ;)

This Fork

This fork is not backwards compatible with 'mongoid_spatial'. This fork delegates calculations to the external libs and use Moped.

Change in your models:

include Mongoid::Spacial::Document

include Mongoid::Geospatial

And for the fields:

field :source,  type: Array,    spacial: true

field :source,  type: Point,    spatial: true

Beware the 't' and 'c' issue. It's spaTial.

Troubleshooting

Mongo::OperationFailure: can't find special index: 2d

Indexes need to be created. Execute command:

rake db:mongoid:create_indexes

Thanks

Thanks to Kristian Mandrup for creating the base of the gem and a few of the tests
Thanks to CarZen LLC. for letting me release the code we are using

Contributing

Check out the latest master to make sure the feature hasn't been implemented or the bug hasn't been fixed yet
Check out the issue tracker to make sure someone already hasn't requested it and/or contributed it
Fork the project
Start a feature/bugfix branch
Commit and push until you are happy with your contribution
Make sure to add tests for it. This is important so I don't break it in a future version unintentionally.
Please try not to mess with the Rakefile, version, or history. If you want to have your own version, or is otherwise necessary, that is fine, but please isolate to its own commit so I can cherry-pick around it.