Landrush: DNS for Vagrant Build Status

Simple cross-platform DNS that's visible on both the guest and the host.

Landrush spins up a small DNS server and redirects DNS traffic from your VMs to use it, automatically registering/unregistering IP addresses of guests as they come up and down.

Note: Windows support is currently considered experimental. If you having problems using Landrush on Windows please let us know.

Installation

Install under Vagrant (1.1 or later):

$ vagrant plugin install landrush

Usage

Get started

Enable the plugin in your Vagrantfile:

config.landrush.enabled = true

Bring up a machine.

$ vagrant up

And you should be able to get your hostname from your host:

$ dig -p 10053 @localhost myhost.vagrant.test

If you shut down your guest, the entries associated with it will be removed.

Landrush assigns your vm's hostname from either the vagrant config (see the examples/Vagrantfile) or system's actual hostname by running the hostname command. A default of "guest-vm" is assumed if hostname is otherwise not available.

Dynamic entries

Every time a VM is started, its IP address is automatically detected and a DNS record is created that maps the hostname to its IP.

If for any reason the auto-detection detects no IP address or the wrong IP address, or you want to override it, you can do like so:

config.landrush.host_ip_address = '1.2.3.4'

If you are using a multi-machine Vagrantfile, configure this inside each of your config.vm.define sections.

Static entries

You can add static host entries to the DNS server in your Vagrantfile like so:

config.landrush.host 'myhost.example.com', '1.2.3.4'

This is great for overriding production services for nodes you might be testing locally. For example, perhaps you might want to override the hostname of your puppetmaster to point to a local vagrant box instead.

Wildcard Subdomains

For your convenience, any subdomain of a DNS entry known to landrush will resolve to the same IP address as the entry. For example: given myhost.vagrant.test -> 1.2.3.4, both foo.myhost.vagrant.test and bar.myhost.vagrant.test will also resolve to 1.2.3.4.

If you would like to configure your guests to be accessible from the host as subdomains of something other than the default vagrant.test, you can use the config.landrush.tld option in your Vagrantfile like so:

config.landrush.tld = 'vm'

Note that from the host, you will only be able to access subdomains of your configured TLD by default- so wildcard subdomains only apply to that space. For the guest, wildcard subdomains work for anything.

Unmatched Queries

Any DNS queries that do not match will be passed through to an upstream DNS server, so this will be able to serve as the one-stop shop for your guests' DNS needs.

If you would like to configure your own upstream servers, add upstream entries to your Vagrantfile like so:

config.landrush.upstream '10.1.1.10'
# Set the port to 1001
config.landrush.upstream '10.1.2.10', 1001
# If your upstream is TCP only for some strange reason
config.landrush.upstream '10.1.3.10', 1001, :tcp

Visibility on the Guest

Linux guests should automatically have their DNS traffic redirected via iptables rules to the Landrush DNS server. File an issue if this does not work for you.

To disable this functionality:

config.landrush.guest_redirect_dns = false

You may want to do this if you are already proxying all your DNS requests through your host (e.g. using VirtualBox's natdnshostresolver1 option) and you have DNS servers that you can easily set as upstreams in the daemon (e.g. DNS requests that go through the host's VPN connection).

Visibility on the Host

OS X

If you're on an OS X host, we use a nice trick to unobtrusively add a secondary DNS server only for specific domains. Landrush adds a file into /etc/resolver that points lookups for hostnames ending in your config.landrush.tld domain name to its DNS server. (Check out man 5 resolver on your Mac OS X host for more information on this file's syntax.)

Linux

Though it's not automatically set up by landrush, similar behavior can be achieved on Linux hosts with dnsmasq. You can integrate Landrush with dnsmasq on Ubuntu like so (tested on Ubuntu 13.10):

sudo apt-get install -y resolvconf dnsmasq
sudo sh -c 'echo "server=/vagrant.test/127.0.0.1#10053" > /etc/dnsmasq.d/vagrant-landrush'
sudo service dnsmasq restart

If you use a TLD other than the default vagrant.test, replace the TLD in the above instructions accordingly. Please be aware that anything ending in '.local' as TLD will not work because the avahi daemon reserves this TLD for its own uses.

Windows

Note: Windows support is currently considered experimental. If you having problems using Landrush on Windows please let us know.

On Windows a secondary DNS server can be configured via the properties of a network adapter. This will be illustrated in the following using Windows 10 with VirtualBox.

When running VirtualBox on Windows in combination with Landrush the Network Connections (Control Panel\Network and Internet\Network Connections) looks somewhat like this after a successful vagrant up:

Network Connections

There will be at least one VirtualBox network adapter. There might be multiple depending on your configuration (number of networks configured) and how many VMs you have running, but you just need to modify one.

In a first step you need to identify the VirtualBox network adapter used for the private network of your VM. Landrush requires a private network adapter to work and will create one in case you are not explicitly configuring one in your Vagrantfile.

To quickly view the settings of each network adapter you can run the following command in a shell:

netsh interface ip show config

The output should look something like that:

Configuration for interface "Ethernet0"
    DHCP enabled:                         Yes
    IP Address:                           172.16.74.143
    Subnet Prefix:                        172.16.74.0/24 (mask 255.255.255.0)
    Default Gateway:                      172.16.74.2
    Gateway Metric:                       0
    InterfaceMetric:                      10
    DNS servers configured through DHCP:  172.16.74.2
    Register with which suffix:           Primary only
    WINS servers configured through DHCP: 172.16.74.2

Configuration for interface "VirtualBox Host-Only Network"
    DHCP enabled:                         No
    IP Address:                           10.1.2.1
    Subnet Prefix:                        10.1.2.0/24 (mask 255.255.255.0)
    InterfaceMetric:                      10
    Statically Configured DNS Servers:    None
    Register with which suffix:           Primary only
    Statically Configured WINS Servers:   None

In our case we are interested in the VirtualBox Host-Only Network which has in this example the private network IP 10.1.2.1. If you don't have a static private network IP configured and you cannot determine the right adapter via the netsh output, ssh into the VM (vagrant ssh) and run ifconfig to view the network configuration of the VM.

Once you identified the right network adapter run the following as Administrator (using the network adapter name of the adapter with the determined private network IP):

 netsh interface ipv4 add dnsserver "VirtualBox Host-Only Network" address=127.0.0.1 index=1

This should be enough for Windows 10. On other Windows versions, you might have to also add your TLD to the DNS suffix list on the DNS Advanced TCP/IP Settings tab:

Advanced TCP/IP Settings

Other Devices (phone)

You might want to resolve Landrush's DNS-entries on additional computing devices, like a mobile phone.

Please refer to /doc/proxy-mobile for instructions.

Additional CLI commands

Check out vagrant landrush for additional commands to monitor the DNS server daemon.

Development

  • Install dependencies:

    $ bundle install

  • Get a list of all available build tasks:

    $ bundle exec rake -T

  • Run the test suite:

    $ bundle exec rake test

  • Run a single test file:

    $ bundle exec rake test TEST=<path to test file>

  • Run cucumber/aruba acceptance tests:

    $ bundle exec cucumber

Note, that the acceptance tests currently only work out of the box on OS X. On Linux one has to manually configure the host visibility for the TLD landrush-acceptance-test. See for Linux. On Windows the acceptance tests won't work due to a current bug in Aruba.

  • Build the Landrush gem:

    $ bundle exec rake install

  • Clean all generated files:

    $ bundle exec rake clean clobber

  • Run the vagrant binary with the Landrush plugin loaded from your local source code:

    bundle exec vagrant landrush <command>

Help Out!

This project could use your feedback and help! Please don't hesitate to open issues or submit pull requests. NO HESITATION IS ALLOWED. NONE WHATSOEVER. See CONTRIBUTING.md for more details.

The Maintainers try to meet periodically. Notes are available.